1
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Prodinger S, Berdiell IC, Cordero-Lanzac T, Bygdnes OR, Solemsli BG, Kvande K, Arstad B, Beato P, Olsbye U, Svelle S. Cation-induced speciation of port-size during mordenite zeolite synthesis. J Mater Chem A Mater 2023; 11:21884-21894. [PMID: 38013680 PMCID: PMC10581370 DOI: 10.1039/d3ta03444e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Mordenite (MOR) zeolite, an important industrial catalyst exists in two, isostructural variants defined by their port-size, small and large-port. Here we show for the first time how a systematic, single-parameter variation influences the synthesis out-come on the final MOR material leading to distinctly different catalysts. The cation identity has a direct impact on the synthesis mechanism with potassium cations generating the more constrained, small-port MOR variant compared to the large-port obtained with sodium cations. This was expressed by different degrees of accessibility ascertained with a combination of toluene breakthrough and temperature programmed desorption (TPD), propylamine TPD, as well as sterically sensitive isobutane conversion. Rietveld refinement of the X-ray diffractograms elucidated the preferential siting of the smaller sodium cations in the constricted 8-ring, from which differences in Al distribution follow. Note, there are no organic structure directing agents utilized in this synthesis pointing at the important role of inorganic structure directing agents (ISDA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Prodinger
- Center for Materials Science and Nanotechnology (SMN), Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo 1033 Blindern 0315 Oslo Norway
| | - Izar Capel Berdiell
- Center for Materials Science and Nanotechnology (SMN), Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo 1033 Blindern 0315 Oslo Norway
| | - Tomas Cordero-Lanzac
- Center for Materials Science and Nanotechnology (SMN), Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo 1033 Blindern 0315 Oslo Norway
| | - Odd Reidar Bygdnes
- Center for Materials Science and Nanotechnology (SMN), Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo 1033 Blindern 0315 Oslo Norway
| | - Bjørn Gading Solemsli
- Center for Materials Science and Nanotechnology (SMN), Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo 1033 Blindern 0315 Oslo Norway
| | - Karoline Kvande
- Center for Materials Science and Nanotechnology (SMN), Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo 1033 Blindern 0315 Oslo Norway
| | | | - Pablo Beato
- Topsøe A/S Haldor Topsøes Allé 1 2800 Kongens Lyngby Denmark
| | - Unni Olsbye
- Center for Materials Science and Nanotechnology (SMN), Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo 1033 Blindern 0315 Oslo Norway
| | - Stian Svelle
- Center for Materials Science and Nanotechnology (SMN), Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo 1033 Blindern 0315 Oslo Norway
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2
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Liutkova A, Zhang H, Simons JFM, Mezari B, Mirolo M, Garcia GA, Hensen EJM, Kosinov N. Ca Cations Impact the Local Environment inside HZSM-5 Pores during the Methanol-to-Hydrocarbons Reaction. ACS Catal 2023; 13:3471-3484. [PMID: 36970466 PMCID: PMC10028611 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c00059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
The methanol-to-hydrocarbons (MTH) process is an industrially relevant method to produce valuable light olefins such as propylene. One of the ways to enhance propylene selectivity is to modify zeolite catalysts with alkaline earth cations. The underlying mechanistic aspects of this type of promotion are not well understood. Here, we study the interaction of Ca2+ with reaction intermediates and products formed during the MTH reaction. Using transient kinetic and spectroscopic tools, we find strong indications that the selectivity differences between Ca/ZSM-5 and HZSM-5 are related to the different local environment inside the pores due to the presence of Ca2+. In particular, Ca/ZSM-5 strongly retains water, hydrocarbons, and oxygenates, which occupy as much as 10% of the micropores during the ongoing MTH reaction. This change in the effective pore geometry affects the formation of hydrocarbon pool components and in this way directs the MTH reaction toward the olefin cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Liutkova
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials and Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Hao Zhang
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials and Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Jérôme F. M. Simons
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials and Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Brahim Mezari
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials and Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Marta Mirolo
- ESRF, The European Synchrotron, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS40220, 38043 Grenoble, Cedex 9, France
| | - Gustavo A. Garcia
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L’Orme des Merisiers, St Aubin, B.P. 48, 91192 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Emiel J. M. Hensen
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials and Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Nikolay Kosinov
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials and Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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3
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Capel Berdiell I, Braghin GB, Cordero-lanzac T, Beato P, Lundegaard LF, Wragg D, Bordiga S, Svelle S. Tracking Structural Deactivation of H-Ferrierite Zeolite Catalyst During MTH with XRD. Top Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-023-01780-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
AbstractWe used the methanol-to-hydrocarbon (MTH) reaction as a shape-selective model reaction to investigate coke formation in zeolite H-Ferrierite. Despite being a 2D topology in terms of channel propagation, the FER framework displays a lattice expansion in all three dimensions of space upon deactivation. Therefore, the volume of the unit cell is an excellent X-Ray diffraction (XRD) descriptor for the catalyst deactivation. A model with dummy atoms added, also proved to be an accurate approach to measure the amount of internal coke and/or water inside the pore network correlated with thermogravimetric analysis results. While the catalyst deactivation of the H-Ferrerite during the MTH was fast, a comparably long induction period was observed. We were able to track such fast deactivation with the aforementioned descriptors by means of an operando XRD study by a standard laboratory diffractometer.
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4
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Cesarini A, Mitchell S, Zichittella G, Agrachev M, Schmid SP, Jeschke G, Pan Z, Bodi A, Hemberger P, Pérez-Ramírez J. Elucidation of radical- and oxygenate-driven paths in zeolite-catalysed conversion of methanol and methyl chloride to hydrocarbons. Nat Catal 2022; 5:605-14. [PMID: 35892076 DOI: 10.1038/s41929-022-00808-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Understanding hydrocarbon generation in the zeolite-catalysed conversions of methanol and methyl chloride requires advanced spectroscopic approaches to distinguish the complex mechanisms governing C-C bond formation, chain growth and the deposition of carbonaceous species. Here operando photoelectron photoion coincidence (PEPICO) spectroscopy enables the isomer-selective identification of pathways to hydrocarbons of up to C14 in size, providing direct experimental evidence of methyl radicals in both reactions and ketene in the methanol-to-hydrocarbons reaction. Both routes converge to C5 molecules that transform into aromatics. Operando PEPICO highlights distinctions in the prevalence of coke precursors, which is supported by electron paramagnetic resonance measurements, providing evidence of differences in the representative molecular structure, density and distribution of accumulated carbonaceous species. Radical-driven pathways in the methyl chloride-to-hydrocarbons reaction(s) accelerate the formation of extended aromatic systems, leading to fast deactivation. By contrast, the generation of alkylated species through oxygenate-driven pathways in the methanol-to-hydrocarbons reaction extends the catalyst lifetime. The findings demonstrate the potential of the presented methods to provide valuable mechanistic insights into complex reaction networks.
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5
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Zapater D, Lasobras J, Soler J, Herguido J, Menéndez M. Comparison of Conventional and Two-Zone Fluidized Bed Reactors for Methanol to Olefins. Effect of Reaction Conditions and the Presence of Water in the Feed. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c00323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Diego Zapater
- Catalysis, Molecular Separations and Reaction Engineering Group, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Aragon Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50018, Spain
- Multiscale Reaction Engineering, KAUST Catalysis Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Javier Lasobras
- Catalysis, Molecular Separations and Reaction Engineering Group, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Aragon Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50018, Spain
| | - Jaime Soler
- Catalysis, Molecular Separations and Reaction Engineering Group, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Aragon Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50018, Spain
| | - Javier Herguido
- Catalysis, Molecular Separations and Reaction Engineering Group, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Aragon Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50018, Spain
| | - Miguel Menéndez
- Catalysis, Molecular Separations and Reaction Engineering Group, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Aragon Institute of Engineering Research (I3A), University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza 50018, Spain
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6
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van Vreeswijk SH, Weckhuysen BM. Emerging Analytical Methods to Characterize Zeolite-Based Materials. Natl Sci Rev 2022; 9:nwac047. [PMID: 36128456 PMCID: PMC9477204 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwac047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Zeolites and zeolitic materials are, through their use in numerous conventional and sustainable applications, very important to our daily lives, including to foster the necessary transition to a more circular society. The characterization of zeolite-based materials has a tremendous history and a great number of applications and properties of these materials have been discovered in the past decades. This review focuses on recently developed novel as well as more conventional techniques applied with the aim of better understanding zeolite-based materials. Recently explored analytical methods, e.g. atom probe tomography, scanning transmission X-ray microscopy, confocal fluorescence microscopy and photo-induced force microscopy, are discussed on their important contributions to the better understanding of zeolites as they mainly focus on the micro- to nanoscale chemical imaging and the revelation of structure–composition–performance relationships. Some other techniques have a long and established history, e.g. nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared, neutron scattering, electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction techniques, and have gone through increasing developments allowing the techniques to discover new and important features in zeolite-based materials. Additional to the increasing application of these methods, multiple techniques are nowadays used to study zeolites under working conditions (i.e. the in situ/operando mode of analysis) providing new insights in reaction and deactivation mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H van Vreeswijk
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - B M Weckhuysen
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
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7
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Kalantzopoulos GN, Rojo Gama D, Pappas DK, Dovgaliuk I, Olsbye U, Beato P, Lundegaard LF, Wragg DS, Svelle S. Real-time regeneration of a working zeolite monitored via operando X-ray diffraction and crystallographic imaging: how coke flees the MFI framework. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:16845-16851. [DOI: 10.1039/d2dt02845j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
X-ray diffraction is used to investigate regeneration of an H-ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst used in the conversion of methanol to hydrocarbons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgios N. Kalantzopoulos
- Center for Materials Science and Nanotechnology (SMN), Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Daniel Rojo Gama
- Center for Materials Science and Nanotechnology (SMN), Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Dimitrios K. Pappas
- Center for Materials Science and Nanotechnology (SMN), Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Iurii Dovgaliuk
- Swiss-Norwegian Beamline at the European Synchrotron Facility, 71 avenue des Martyrs, F-38000, Grenoble, France
- Institut des Matériaux Poreux de Paris, Département de Chimie, ENS - UMR 8004 CNRS-ENS-ESPCI, 24 rue Lhomond, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Unni Olsbye
- Center for Materials Science and Nanotechnology (SMN), Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Pablo Beato
- Haldor Topsøe A/S, Haldor Topsøes Allé 1, 2800 Kgs, Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - David S. Wragg
- Center for Materials Science and Nanotechnology (SMN), Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Stian Svelle
- Center for Materials Science and Nanotechnology (SMN), Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
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8
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Liu Y, Zhang H, Wijpkema ASG, Coumans FJAG, Meng L, Uslamin EA, Longo A, Hensen EJM, Kosinov N. Understanding the Preparation and Reactivity of Mo/ZSM-5 Methane Dehydroaromatization Catalysts. Chemistry 2021; 28:e202103894. [PMID: 34822193 PMCID: PMC9299926 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Methane dehydroaromatization is a promising reaction for the direct conversion of methane to liquid hydrocarbons. The active sites and the mechanism of this reaction remain controversial. This work is focused on the operando X‐ray absorption near edge structure spectroscopy analysis of conventional Mo/ZSM‐5 catalysts during their whole lifetime. Complemented by other characterization techniques, we derived spectroscopic descriptors of molybdenum precursor decomposition and its exchange with zeolite Brønsted acid sites. We found that the reduction of Mo‐species proceeds in two steps and the active sites are of similar nature, regardless of the Mo content. Furthermore, the ZSM‐5 unit cell contracts at the beginning of the reaction, which coincides with benzene formation and it is likely related to the formation of hydrocarbon pool intermediates. Finally, although reductive regeneration of used catalysts via methanation is less effective as compared to combustion of coke, it does not affect the structure of the catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Liu
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials & CatalysisDepartment of Chemical Engineering and ChemistryEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 5135600 MBEindhovenNetherlands
| | - Hao Zhang
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials & CatalysisDepartment of Chemical Engineering and ChemistryEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 5135600 MBEindhovenNetherlands
| | - Alexandra S. G. Wijpkema
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials & CatalysisDepartment of Chemical Engineering and ChemistryEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 5135600 MBEindhovenNetherlands
| | - Ferdy J. A. G. Coumans
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials & CatalysisDepartment of Chemical Engineering and ChemistryEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 5135600 MBEindhovenNetherlands
| | - Lingqian Meng
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials & CatalysisDepartment of Chemical Engineering and ChemistryEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 5135600 MBEindhovenNetherlands
| | - Evgeny A. Uslamin
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials & CatalysisDepartment of Chemical Engineering and ChemistryEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 5135600 MBEindhovenNetherlands
| | - Alessandro Longo
- European Synchrotron Radiation Facility71 Avenue des Martyrs38000GrenobleFrance
- Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati (ISMN)-CNR UOS PalermoVia Ugo La Malfa, 15390146PalermoItaly
| | - Emiel J. M. Hensen
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials & CatalysisDepartment of Chemical Engineering and ChemistryEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 5135600 MBEindhovenNetherlands
| | - Nikolay Kosinov
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials & CatalysisDepartment of Chemical Engineering and ChemistryEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 5135600 MBEindhovenNetherlands
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9
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Wragg DS, Kalantzopoulos GN, Pappas DK, Pinilla-herrero I, Rojo-gama D, Redekop E, Di Michiel M, Beato P, Lundegaard LF, Svelle S. Mapping the coke formation within a zeolite catalyst extrudate in space and time by operando computed X-ray diffraction tomography. J Catal 2021; 401:1-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2021.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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10
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Li
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tuiana Shoinkhorova
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jorge Gascon
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Javier Ruiz-Martínez
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, KAUST Catalysis Center (KCC), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
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11
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Foley BL, Johnson BA, Bhan A. Kinetic Evaluation of Deactivation Pathways in Methanol-to-Hydrocarbon Catalysis on HZSM-5 with Formaldehyde, Olefinic, Dieneic, and Aromatic Co-Feeds. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c05335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brandon L. Foley
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, 7000 East Avenue, Livermore, California 94550, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, 421 Washington Avenue SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Blake A. Johnson
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, 421 Washington Avenue SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Aditya Bhan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, 421 Washington Avenue SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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12
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Prodinger
- University of Oslo Department of Chemistry Center for Materials Science and Nanotechnology (SMN), 1033 Blindern 0315 Oslo Norway
| | - Pablo Beato
- Haldor Topsøe A/S Haldor Topsøes Allé 1 2800 Kongens Lyngby Denmark
| | - Stian Svelle
- University of Oslo Department of Chemistry Center for Materials Science and Nanotechnology (SMN), 1033 Blindern 0315 Oslo Norway
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13
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Li XG, Huang X, Zhang YL, Li H, Xiao WD, Wei Z. Effect of n-butanol cofeeding on the deactivation of methanol to olefin conversion over high-silica HZSM-5: A mechanism and kinetic study. Chem Eng Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2020.115859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahira Islamdoost Jami
- Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science 9177948974 Mashhad Iran
| | - Ali Nakhaei Pour
- Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science 9177948974 Mashhad Iran
| | - Ali Mohammadi
- Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science 9177948974 Mashhad Iran
| | - Seyed Mehdi Kamali Shahri
- Pennsylvania State University Department of Chemical Engineering State College 16801 Pennsylvania USA
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15
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Perez-Aguilar JE, Chen CY, Hughes JT, Fang CY, Gates BC. Isostructural Atomically Dispersed Rhodium Catalysts Supported on SAPO-37 and on HY Zeolite. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:11474-11485. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c03730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jorge E. Perez-Aguilar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Cong-Yan Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
- Chevron Energy Technology Company, Richmond, California 94802, United States
| | - James T. Hughes
- Zeolyst International, Conshohocken, Pennsylvania 19428, United States
| | - Chia-Yu Fang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Bruce C. Gates
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
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16
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Ghanbari B, Kazemi Zangeneh F, Taheri Rizi Z, Aghaei E. High-Impact Promotional Effect of Mo Impregnation on Aluminum-Rich and Alkali-Treated Hierarchical Zeolite Catalysts on Methanol Aromatization. ACS Omega 2020; 5:11971-11986. [PMID: 32548376 PMCID: PMC7271033 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b04407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A systematic change of HZSM-5 (HZ5) as a catalyst of the methanol to aromatics (MTA) reaction was undertaken by employing a fixed-bed tubular-type reactor under ambient pressure, applying a weight hourly space velocity (WHSV) of 2 h-1 at 375 °C, as the first report on the application of low-Si/Al-ratio alkaline-[Mo,Na]-HZSM-5 in the MTA process. To characterize the surface and textural properties of the catalysts, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), nitrogen adsorption/desorption, temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia (NH3-TPD), pyridine-infrared spectroscopy (Py-IR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) methods were employed. Gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) measurements demonstrated a selectivity of up to 86 wt % (65.7 wt % for benzene, toluene, and xylene (BTX)) over 2[Mo]HZ5. NH3-TPD and Py-IR results indicated a sensible decrease of strong acid sites on the impregnated samples, while the surface analyses revealed the highest Lewis acid sites (LAS) together with the largest mesopore surface area for 2[Mo]alk-HZ5, supporting the migration of Mo species to the bulk of the catalysts. Mo impregnation had a minor effect on the observed coke formation in the promoted catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahram Ghanbari
- Department
of Chemistry, Sharif University of Technology, P.O. Box 11155-3516, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Zahra Taheri Rizi
- Research
Institute of Petroleum Industry, P.O. Box 1485733111, Tehran, Iran
| | - Erfan Aghaei
- Research
Institute of Petroleum Industry, P.O. Box 1485733111, Tehran, Iran
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17
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Ortega
- Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Gunther Kolb
- Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Fraunhofer IMM, Carl-Zeiss-Str. 18-20, D-55129 Mainz, Germany
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18
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Asghari A, Khorrami MK, Kazemi SH. Hierarchical H-ZSM5 zeolites based on natural kaolinite as a high-performance catalyst for methanol to aromatic hydrocarbons conversion. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17526. [PMID: 31772315 PMCID: PMC6879614 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-54089-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The present work introduces a good prospect for the development of hierarchical catalysts with excellent catalytic performance in the methanol to aromatic hydrocarbons conversion (MTA) process. Hierarchical H-ZSM5 zeolites, with a tailored pore size and different Si/Al ratios, were synthesized directly using natural kaolin clay as a low-cost silica and aluminium resource. Further explored for the direct synthesis of hierarchical HZSM-5 structures was the steam assisted conversion (SAC) with a cost-effective and green affordable saccharide source of high fructose corn syrup (HFCS), as a secondary mesopore agent. The fabricated zeolites exhibiting good crystallinity, 2D and 3D nanostructures, high specific surface area, tailored pore size, and tunable acidity. Finally, the catalyst performance in the conversion of methanol to aromatic hydrocarbons was tested in a fixed bed reactor. The synthesized H-ZSM5 catalysts exhibited superior methanol conversion (over 100 h up to 90%) and selectivity (over 85%) in the methanol conversion to aromatic hydrocarbon products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Asghari
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, 3414896818, Iran.
| | | | - Sayed Habib Kazemi
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences(IASBS), Zanjan, 45137-66731, Iran
- Center for Research in Climate Change and Global Warming (CRCC), Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan, 45137-66731, Iran
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Signorile M, Rojo Gama D, Bonino F, Svelle S, Beato P, Bordiga S. Operando UV-Raman study of the methanol to olefins reaction over SAPO-34: Spatiotemporal evolution monitored by different reactor approaches. Catal Today 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2018.11.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Evgeny A. Uslamin
- Inorganic Materials & Catalysis group, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 Eindhoven, MB, The Netherlands
| | - Nikolay Kosinov
- Inorganic Materials & Catalysis group, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 Eindhoven, MB, The Netherlands
| | - Georgy A. Filonenko
- Inorganic Systems Engineering group, Delft University of Technology, 2629 Delft, HZ, The Netherlands
| | - Brahim Mezari
- Inorganic Materials & Catalysis group, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 Eindhoven, MB, The Netherlands
| | - Evgeny Pidko
- Inorganic Systems Engineering group, Delft University of Technology, 2629 Delft, HZ, The Netherlands
| | - Emiel J.M. Hensen
- Inorganic Materials & Catalysis group, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 Eindhoven, MB, The Netherlands
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Affiliation(s)
- Brandon L. Foley
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, 421 Washington Avenue SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Blake A. Johnson
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, 421 Washington Avenue SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Aditya Bhan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, 421 Washington Avenue SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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Migliori M, Catizzone E, Aloise A, Bonura G, Gómez-hortigüela L, Frusteri L, Cannilla C, Frusteri F, Giordano G. New insights about coke deposition in methanol-to-DME reaction over MOR-, MFI- and FER-type zeolites. J IND ENG CHEM 2018; 68:196-208. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2018.07.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Signorile M, Rojo-Gama D, Bonino F, Beato P, Svelle S, Bordiga S. Topology-dependent hydrocarbon transformations in the methanol-to-hydrocarbons reaction studied by operando UV-Raman spectroscopy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:26580-26590. [PMID: 30307454 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp04240c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The methanol-to-hydrocarbons (MTH) reaction represents a versatile, industrially viable alternative to crude-oil based processes for the production of chemicals and fuels. In the MTH reaction, the shape selectivity of acidic zeolites is exploited to direct the synthesis towards the desired product. However, due to unavoidable side reactions occurring under processing conditions, all MTH catalysts suffer deactivation due to coke formation. Though it is likely that some common characteristics for carbon formation exist for all zeolite topologies, it has been proposed that the differences in shape selectivity among the different catalysts will also influence the individual deactivation mechanisms. As deactivating species are mostly aromatic compounds, highly methylated benzenes and/or polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have been discussed. In some cases, these can further grow to extended carbon structures. Here, we have investigated the hydrocarbon reactivities and carbon formation for five topologically different zeolite catalysts through an operando UV-Raman approach, taking advantage of the high sensitivity of this technique towards aromatic and other carbonaceous species. The combination of the spectroscopic tool with activity measurements allowed us to obtain valuable details and some general trends on the deactivation paths during MTH. This approach made accessible unique insight on the complex chemistry of MTH by allowing the real-time observation of hydrocarbon transformations typical for the peculiar topology of each catalyst, usually inaccessible by ex situ techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Signorile
- Department of Chemistry, NIS and INSTM Reference Centre, Università di Torino, Via G. Quarello 15, I-10135 and Via P. Giuria 7, I-10125, Turin, Italy.
| | - Daniel Rojo-Gama
- Haldor Topsøe A/S, Haldor Topsøes Allé 1, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark. and Center for Materials Science and Nanotechnology (SMN), Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Francesca Bonino
- Department of Chemistry, NIS and INSTM Reference Centre, Università di Torino, Via G. Quarello 15, I-10135 and Via P. Giuria 7, I-10125, Turin, Italy.
| | - Pablo Beato
- Haldor Topsøe A/S, Haldor Topsøes Allé 1, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Stian Svelle
- Center for Materials Science and Nanotechnology (SMN), Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Silvia Bordiga
- Department of Chemistry, NIS and INSTM Reference Centre, Università di Torino, Via G. Quarello 15, I-10135 and Via P. Giuria 7, I-10125, Turin, Italy.
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