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Ge-Zhang S, Cai T, Song M. Life in biophotovoltaics systems. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1151131. [PMID: 37615025 PMCID: PMC10444202 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1151131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
As the most suitable potential clean energy power generation technology, biophotovoltaics (BPV) not only inherits the advantages of traditional photovoltaics, such as safety, reliability and no noise, but also solves the disadvantages of high pollution and high energy consumption in the manufacturing process, providing new functions of self-repair and natural degradation. The basic idea of BPV is to collect light energy and generate electric energy by using photosynthetic autotrophs or their parts, and the core is how these biological materials can quickly and low-loss transfer electrons to the anode through mediators after absorbing light energy and generating electrons. In this mini-review, we summarized the biological materials widely used in BPV at present, mainly cyanobacteria, green algae, biological combinations (using multiple microorganisms in the same BPV system) and isolated products (purified thylakoids, chloroplasts, photosystem I, photosystem II), introduced how researchers overcome the shortcomings of low photocurrent output of BPV, pointed out the limitations that affected the development of BPV' biological materials, and put forward reasonable assumptions accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Taoyang Cai
- Aulin College, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
| | - Mingbo Song
- College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China
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Li T, Bandari VK, Schmidt OG. Molecular Electronics: Creating and Bridging Molecular Junctions and Promoting Its Commercialization. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2209088. [PMID: 36512432 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202209088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Molecular electronics is driven by the dream of expanding Moore's law to the molecular level for next-generation electronics through incorporating individual or ensemble molecules into electronic circuits. For nearly 50 years, numerous efforts have been made to explore the intrinsic properties of molecules and develop diverse fascinating molecular electronic devices with the desired functionalities. The flourishing of molecular electronics is inseparable from the development of various elegant methodologies for creating nanogap electrodes and bridging the nanogap with molecules. This review first focuses on the techniques for making lateral and vertical nanogap electrodes by breaking, narrowing, and fixed modes, and highlights their capabilities, applications, merits, and shortcomings. After summarizing the approaches of growing single molecules or molecular layers on the electrodes, the methods of constructing a complete molecular circuit are comprehensively grouped into three categories: 1) directly bridging one-molecule-electrode component with another electrode, 2) physically bridging two-molecule-electrode components, and 3) chemically bridging two-molecule-electrode components. Finally, the current state of molecular circuit integration and commercialization is discussed and perspectives are provided, hoping to encourage the community to accelerate the realization of fully scalable molecular electronics for a new era of integrated microsystems and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianming Li
- Research Center for Materials, Architectures and Integration of Nanomembranes (MAIN), Chemnitz University of Technology, 09126, Chemnitz, Germany
- Material Systems for Nanoelectronics, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09111, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Vineeth Kumar Bandari
- Research Center for Materials, Architectures and Integration of Nanomembranes (MAIN), Chemnitz University of Technology, 09126, Chemnitz, Germany
- Material Systems for Nanoelectronics, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09111, Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Oliver G Schmidt
- Research Center for Materials, Architectures and Integration of Nanomembranes (MAIN), Chemnitz University of Technology, 09126, Chemnitz, Germany
- Material Systems for Nanoelectronics, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09111, Chemnitz, Germany
- Nanophysics, Dresden University of Technology, 01069, Dresden, Germany
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Fereiro JA, Bendikov T, Herrmann A, Pecht I, Sheves M, Cahen D. Protein Orientation Defines Rectification of Electronic Current via Solid-State Junction of Entire Photosystem-1 Complex. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:2973-2982. [PMID: 36940422 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c03700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate that the direction of current rectification via one of nature's most efficient light-harvesting systems, the photosystem 1 complex (PS1), can be controlled by its orientation on Au substrates. Molecular self-assembly of the PS1 complex using four different linkers with distinct functional head groups that interact by electrostatic and hydrogen bonds with different surface parts of the entire protein PS1 complex was used to tailor the PS1 orientation. We observe an orientation-dependent rectification in the current-voltage characteristics for linker/PS1 molecule junctions. Results of an earlier study using a surface two-site PS1 mutant complex having its orientation set by covalent binding to the Au substrate supports our conclusion. Current-voltage-temperature measurements on the linker/PS1 complex indicate off-resonant tunneling as the main electron transport mechanism. Our ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy results highlight the importance of the protein orientation for the energy level alignment and provide insight into the charge transport mechanism via the PS1 transport chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jerry A Fereiro
- Department of Molecular Chemistry & Materials Science, Weizmann Inst. of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
- School of Chemistry, Indian Inst. of Science Education & Research, Thiruvananthapuram 695551, Kerala, India
| | - Tatyana Bendikov
- Department of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Inst. of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Andreas Herrmann
- DWI - Leibniz-Institute for Interactive Materials, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Israel Pecht
- Department of Immunology & Regenerative Biology, Weizmann Inst. of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Mordechai Sheves
- Department of Molecular Chemistry & Materials Science, Weizmann Inst. of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - David Cahen
- Department of Molecular Chemistry & Materials Science, Weizmann Inst. of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
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Pérez-Badell Y, Montero-Cabrera LA. The CNDOL Fockian with the configuration interaction of single excited wave functions to model the exciton properties of large molecular systems for photovoltaic devices. Mol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2022.2151945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoana Pérez-Badell
- Laboratorio de Química Computacional y Teórica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de La Habana, La Habana, Cuba
| | - Luis A. Montero-Cabrera
- Laboratorio de Química Computacional y Teórica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de La Habana, La Habana, Cuba
- Donostia International Physics Center, Donostia – San Sebastian, Spain
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Abstract
This paper describes the fabrication of digital logic circuits comprising resistors and diodes made from protein complexes and wired together using printed liquid metal electrodes. These resistors and diodes exhibit temperature-independent charge-transport over a distance of approximately 10 nm and require no encapsulation or special handling. The function of the protein complexes is determined entirely by self-assembly. When induced to self-assembly into anisotropic monolayers, the collective action of the aligned dipole moments increases the electrical conductivity of the ensemble in one direction and decreases it in the other. When induced to self-assemble into isotropic monolayers, the dipole moments are randomized and the electrical conductivity is approximately equal in both directions. We demonstrate the robustness and utility of these all-protein logic circuits by constructing pulse modulators based on AND and OR logic gates that function nearly identically to simulated circuits. These results show that digital circuits with useful functionality can be derived from readily obtainable biomolecules using simple, straightforward fabrication techniques that exploit molecular self-assembly, realizing one of the primary goals of molecular electronics. Proteins are promising molecular materials for next-generation electronic devices. Here, the authors fabricated printable digital logic circuits comprising resistors and diodes from self-assembled photosystem I complexes that enable pulse modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinkai Qiu
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands. .,Optoelectronics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK.
| | - Ryan C Chiechi
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands. .,Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, 27695-8204, United States.
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Szewczyk S, Goyal A, Abram M, Burdziński G, Kargul J, Gibasiewicz K. Electron Transfer in a Bio-Photoelectrode Based on Photosystem I Multilayer Immobilized on the Conducting Glass. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094774. [PMID: 35563164 PMCID: PMC9100268 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A film of ~40 layers of partially oriented photosystem I (PSI) complexes isolated from the red alga Cyanidioschyzon merolae formed on the conducting glass through electrodeposition was investigated by time-resolved absorption spectroscopy and chronoamperometry. The experiments were performed at a range of electric potentials applied to the film and at different compositions of electrolyte solution being in contact with the film. The amount of immobilized proteins supporting light-induced charge separation (active PSI) ranged from ~10%, in the absence of any reducing agents (redox compounds or low potential), to ~20% when ascorbate and 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol were added, and to ~35% when the high negative potential was additionally applied. The origin of the large fraction of permanently inactive PSI (65–90%) was unclear. Both reducing agents increased the subpopulation of active PSI complexes, with the neutral P700 primary electron donor, by reducing significant fractions of the photo-oxidized P700 species. The efficiencies of light-induced charge separation in the PSI film (10–35%) did not translate into an equally effective generation of photocurrent, whose internal quantum efficiency reached the maximal value of 0.47% at the lowest potentials. This mismatch indicates that the vast majority of the charge-separated states in multilayered PSI complexes underwent charge recombination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Szewczyk
- Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, ul. Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 2, 61-614 Poznań, Poland; (S.S.); (A.G.); (G.B.)
| | - Alice Goyal
- Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, ul. Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 2, 61-614 Poznań, Poland; (S.S.); (A.G.); (G.B.)
| | - Mateusz Abram
- Solar Fuels Laboratory, Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Banacha 2C, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
- Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Gotard Burdziński
- Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, ul. Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 2, 61-614 Poznań, Poland; (S.S.); (A.G.); (G.B.)
| | - Joanna Kargul
- Solar Fuels Laboratory, Centre of New Technologies, University of Warsaw, Banacha 2C, 02-097 Warsaw, Poland;
- Correspondence: (J.K.); (K.G.); Tel.: +48-22-5543760 (J.K.); +48-61-8296390 (K.G.)
| | - Krzysztof Gibasiewicz
- Faculty of Physics, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, ul. Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 2, 61-614 Poznań, Poland; (S.S.); (A.G.); (G.B.)
- Correspondence: (J.K.); (K.G.); Tel.: +48-22-5543760 (J.K.); +48-61-8296390 (K.G.)
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Torabi N, Rousseva S, Chen Q, Ashrafi A, Kermanpur A, Chiechi RC. Graphene oxide decorated with gold enables efficient biophotovolatic cells incorporating photosystem I. RSC Adv 2022; 12:8783-8791. [PMID: 35424820 PMCID: PMC8984948 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra08908k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper describes the use of reduced graphene oxide decorated with gold nanoparticles as an efficient electron transfer layer for solid-state biophotovoltic cells containing photosystem I as the sole photo-active component. Together with polytyrosine–polyaniline as a hole transfer layer, this device architecture results in an open-circuit voltage of 0.3 V, a fill factor of 38% and a short-circuit current density of 5.6 mA cm−2 demonstrating good coupling between photosystem I and the electrodes. The best-performing device reached an external power conversion efficiency of 0.64%, the highest for any solid-state photosystem I-based photovoltaic device that has been reported to date. Our results demonstrate that the functionality of photosystem I in the non-natural environment of solid-state biophotovoltaic cells can be improved through the modification of electrodes with efficient charge-transfer layers. The combination of reduced graphene oxide with gold nanoparticles caused tailoring of the electronic structure and alignment of the energy levels while also increasing electrical conductivity. The decoration of graphene electrodes with gold nanoparticles is a generalizable approach for enhancing charge-transfer across interfaces, particularly when adjusting the levels of the active layer is not feasible, as is the case for photosystem I and other biological molecules. This paper describes the use of reduced graphene oxide decorated with gold nanoparticles as an efficient electron transport layer for solid-state biophotovoltic cells containing photosystem I as the sole photo-active component.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Torabi
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands.,Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands.,Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan 84156-83111 Iran
| | - Sylvia Rousseva
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands.,Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Qi Chen
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Ali Ashrafi
- Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan 84156-83111 Iran
| | - Ahmad Kermanpur
- Department of Materials Engineering, Isfahan University of Technology Isfahan 84156-83111 Iran
| | - Ryan C Chiechi
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands.,Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands.,Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University Raleigh North Carolina 27695-8204 USA
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