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Yao M, Cao G, Liu S, Ding X, Liu J. Axisymmetric Compression of a Circular Particle Raft Driven by the Diffusion of Surfactant. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:8911-8920. [PMID: 38624033 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Particle rafts are a new kind of soft matter formed by self-organization on the interface, which possesses mechanical properties between fluid and solid, and they have been widely used in many industrial fields. In the present study, the compression experiment of a circular particle raft is first performed, where an SDS (sodium dodecyl sulfate)-coated metal ring is placed around its periphery. When the surfactant diffuses, the particle raft shrinks, and its shrinkage ratio increases with the increase in the surfactant concentration, where the experimental results are consistent with the numerical simulation. Next, the relationship between the initial surface tension difference of SDS and the radius shrinkage of the particle raft is obtained by dimensional analysis. In what follows, the diffusion model is built to quantify the diffusion process of SDS at the liquid-gas interface, and then the analytical concentration solution of the concentration of SDS at the periphery of particle raft is given. The particle raft is viewed as an elastic circular plate under the action of the radial pressure, which originates from the surface tension difference, which has been verified by the experimental result. These explorations cast a new light on how to apply loads to measure mechanical properties of soft matter, which also provide some inspirations on the design of microsensors and microfluidics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Yao
- College of Pipeline and Civil Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Gongqi Cao
- College of Pipeline and Civil Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Shiyang Liu
- College of Pipeline and Civil Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Xiaoxuan Ding
- College of Pipeline and Civil Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Jianlin Liu
- College of Pipeline and Civil Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
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Yao M, Zuo P, Cao G, Liu J. Configuration Evolution of a Particle Raft with a Preprepared Crack Driven by the Diffusion of a Surfactant. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:12774-12784. [PMID: 37639218 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the morphology evolution of a particle raft with a preprepared crack, which is caused by injecting the surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) into water, is demonstrated. Experimental results on the process of crack closure and configuration evolution are captured and are in excellent agreement with the numerical simulations. Then a surface diffusion model on SDS is proposed to quantify the detailed physical scenario. The surface diffusion factor is determined through the shooting method based on the experimental result of dynamic surface tension. As a result, the analytical solution for the SDS concentration distribution is given. The theoretical result on the dependence relationship between the profile shrinkage ratio and the time variable is consistent with the experimental result. At last, the relation between the initial surface tension difference of SDS and the profile shrinkage ratio is obtained in the light of experiments and dimensional analysis, and the two results are very close. These analyses provide a comprehensive understanding of the coupling between chemicals and mechanical behaviors of soft matter, and the modulation of defects in the particle raft provides some inspiration for engineering new devices at the microscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Yao
- College of Pipeline and Civil Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Pingcheng Zuo
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Gongqi Cao
- College of Pipeline and Civil Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Jianlin Liu
- College of Pipeline and Civil Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
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Lekshmi BS, Varanakkottu SN. Droplet-Impact Driven Formation of Ultralow Volume Liquid Marbles with Enhanced Mechanical Stability and Sensing Ability. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:11743-11752. [PMID: 36109337 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c01880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Liquid marbles (LMs), droplets encapsulated with micro/nanoparticles, have attracted significant attention owing to their potential applications in various fields, ranging from microbioreactors to sensors. The volume of the LMs is a key parameter determining their mechanical stability and gas sensing ability. It is ideal to work with small volumes because of their better mechanical stability and gas sensing power compared to the larger LMs. Though many methods exist for producing LMs in the volume range above 2 μL, no reliable method exists to prepare fully coated submicroliter LMs with tunable volume. The situation becomes even more difficult when one attempts to produce tiny Janus Liquid Marbles (JLMs). This paper presents a simple, single-step, and efficient strategy for obtaining both the pristine LMs and JLMs in the volume range 200 nL to 18 μL. The core idea relies on the impact of a liquid drop on a particle bed at a Weber number of ∼55 to produce two daughter droplets and to convert these droplets into LMs/JLMs. The whole process takes only a few tens of milliseconds (∼50 ms). We have rendered the experimental schemes so that both the JLMs and pristine LMs can be produced in a single step, with control over their volume. The mechanical stability analysis of the prepared marbles indicates that 200 nL is 5 times more stable than 10 μL of LMs. The 0.72 μL LMs prepared with a 0.5 v/v % phenolphthalein indicator solution showed 3 times faster response time to ammonia gas sensing than 10 μL of LMs. The results presented in this work open up a new route for the rapid and reliable production of both multilayered LMs and JLMs with tunable volume in a wide range (200 nL to 18 μL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bindhu Sunilkumar Lekshmi
- Optofluidics and Interface Science Laboratory, Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kozhikode, Kerala India, 673601
| | - Subramanyan Namboodiri Varanakkottu
- Optofluidics and Interface Science Laboratory, Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kozhikode, Kerala India, 673601
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Plohl G, Jannet M, Planchette C. Unjamming strongly compressed rafts: Effects of the compression direction. Phys Rev E 2022; 106:034903. [PMID: 36266893 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.106.034903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We experimentally study the unjamming dynamics of strongly compressed particle rafts confined between two fixed walls and two movable barriers. The back barrier is made of an elastic band, whose deflection indicates the local stress. The front barrier is pierced by a gate, whose opening triggers local unjamming. Prior to gate opening, the rafts are quasistatically compressed by moving only one of the two barriers, in the vicinity of which folds form. Using high-speed imaging, we follow the raft relaxation with folded, jammed, and unjammed areas and measure the velocity fields inside and outside the confined domain. Two very different behaviors develop. For rafts compressed by the back barrier, only partial unjamming occurs. At the end of the process, many folds remain and the back stress does not relax. The flow develops mostly along the compression axis and the particles passing the gate form a dense raft whose width is the gate width. For rafts compressed at the front, quasitotal unjamming is observed. Almost no folds persist and only minimal stress remains, if any. The particles flow along the compression axis but also normally to it and form a rather circular and not dense assembly. Both the force chain network orientation and the initial fold location could cause the unjamming difference. Other effects, such as a different pressure field or simple steric hindrance, cannot be excluded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregor Plohl
- Institute of Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer, Graz University of Technology, Graz 8010, Austria
| | - Mathieu Jannet
- Institute of Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer, Graz University of Technology, Graz 8010, Austria
| | - Carole Planchette
- Institute of Fluid Mechanics and Heat Transfer, Graz University of Technology, Graz 8010, Austria
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Sun Y, Zheng Y, Liu C, Zhang Y, Wen S, Song L, Zhao M. Liquid marbles, floating droplets: preparations, properties, operations and applications. RSC Adv 2022; 12:15296-15315. [PMID: 35693225 PMCID: PMC9118372 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra00735e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Liquid marbles (LMs) are non-wettable droplets formed with a coating of hydrophobic particles. They can move easily across either solid or liquid surfaces since the hydrophobic particles protect the internal liquid from contacting the substrate. In recent years, mainly due to their simple preparation, abundant materials, non-wetting/non-adhesive properties, elasticities and stabilities, LMs have been applied in many fields such as microfluidics, sensors and biological incubators. In this review, the recent advances in the preparation, physical properties and applications of liquid marbles, especially operations and floating abilities, are summarized. Moreover, the challenges to achieve uniformity, slow volatilization and stronger stability are pointed out. Various applications generated by LMs’ structural characteristics are also expected. The recent advances in the preparation, physical properties and applications of liquid marbles, especially operations and floating abilities, are summarized.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukai Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University Tianjin China
| | - Yelong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University Tianjin China
| | - Chuntian Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University Tianjin China
| | - Yihan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University Tianjin China
| | - Shiying Wen
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University Tianjin China
| | - Le Song
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University Tianjin China
| | - Meirong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University Tianjin China
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Sun Y, Zheng Y, Song L, Sun P, Zhao M, Zhou Y, Tee CATH. Elasticity and damping ratio measurement of droplets on super-hydrophobic surfaces. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2022; 9:211632. [PMID: 35242354 PMCID: PMC8753166 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.211632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The measurement of the droplets' elasticity is vitally important in microfluidic and ink-jet printing. It refers to the ability of the droplet to restore its original shape and strong robustness. This study investigated a novel method to measure elasticity. The plate coated with super-hydrophobic layers pressed on a droplet and the elastic force was recorded by an electronic balance. Meanwhile, a mathematical model was constructed to calculate the changes of the droplet area under the force. The measurement showed that external work mainly converts into surface energy and the damping ratio increases from 0.068 to 0.261 with the increase of mass fraction from 0 to 80 wt%. It also indicates that the novel method can accurately and efficiently measure the elasticity of droplets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukai Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yelong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Le Song
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peiyuan Sun
- Dongying Vocational Institute, Dongying, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meirong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments, Tianjin University, Tianjin, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yixiong Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China
| | - Clarence Augustine TH Tee
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Assembly and mechanical response of amphiphilic Janus nanosheets at oil-water interfaces. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 583:214-221. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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He W, Sun Y, Dinsmore AD. Response of a raft of particles to a local indentation. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:2497-2505. [PMID: 32090220 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm01251f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Interfaces that are coated with a layer of adsorbed particles (particle "rafts") are common in natural and industrial settings. Particle-coated interfaces may be useful in part because the particulate structure can endow the fluid interface with physical properties distinct from molecular surfactants. We study the mechanics of particulate assemblies by measuring the raft's response to indentation in the vertical direction by a flat, circular disc. We measured force (f) vs. indentation depth (δ) and found two linear regions with different slopes. The first linear region started at δ = 0 and persisted over a range of δ much less than the capillary length. In the second linear region, the raft had the same stiffness (df/dδ) as a liquid interface with no particles. Further, we show that, as long as the indenter was larger than a single particle, the azimuthal compression imposed by the interface deformation relaxed through in-plane rearrangement of particles rather than by the radial wrinkles that are characteristic of thin elastic sheets at fluid interfaces. We show how the force-displacement curves and stiffnesses depended on fluid mass densities, interfacial tensions, and indenter radius. For all cases studied, the particle-raft coated interfaces had a stiffness equal to or smaller than that of a bare fluid interface. Although the interfacial particle raft behaved like a pure fluid interface under a wide range of displacements, we show that the raft could nonetheless withstand substantially greater applied force (up to 2×) and greater indentation depth (up to 2.6×), so that the range of reversible behavior was greatly extended. These results improve our understanding of the mechanics of particulate assemblies at interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei He
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts Amherst, USA.
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Misra S, Trinavee K, Gunda NSK, Mitra SK. Encapsulation with an interfacial liquid layer: Robust and efficient liquid-liquid wrapping. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 558:334-344. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.09.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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