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Hecker K, Banszerus L, Schäpers A, Möller S, Peters A, Icking E, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Volk C, Stampfer C. Coherent charge oscillations in a bilayer graphene double quantum dot. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7911. [PMID: 38036517 PMCID: PMC10689829 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43541-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The coherent dynamics of a quantum mechanical two-level system passing through an anti-crossing of two energy levels can give rise to Landau-Zener-Stückelberg-Majorana (LZSM) interference. LZSM interference spectroscopy has proven to be a fruitful tool to investigate charge noise and charge decoherence in semiconductor quantum dots (QDs). Recently, bilayer graphene has developed as a promising platform to host highly tunable QDs potentially useful for hosting spin and valley qubits. So far, in this system no coherent oscillations have been observed and little is known about charge noise in this material. Here, we report coherent charge oscillations and [Formula: see text] charge decoherence times in a bilayer graphene double QD. The charge decoherence times are measured independently using LZSM interference and photon assisted tunneling. Both techniques yield [Formula: see text] average values in the range of 400-500 ps. The observation of charge coherence allows to study the origin and spectral distribution of charge noise in future experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Hecker
- JARA-FIT and 2nd Institute of Physics, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
- Peter Grünberg Institute (PGI-9), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany.
| | - L Banszerus
- JARA-FIT and 2nd Institute of Physics, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Peter Grünberg Institute (PGI-9), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - A Schäpers
- JARA-FIT and 2nd Institute of Physics, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - S Möller
- JARA-FIT and 2nd Institute of Physics, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Peter Grünberg Institute (PGI-9), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - A Peters
- JARA-FIT and 2nd Institute of Physics, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - E Icking
- JARA-FIT and 2nd Institute of Physics, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Peter Grünberg Institute (PGI-9), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - K Watanabe
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan
| | - T Taniguchi
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, 305-0044, Japan
| | - C Volk
- JARA-FIT and 2nd Institute of Physics, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Peter Grünberg Institute (PGI-9), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - C Stampfer
- JARA-FIT and 2nd Institute of Physics, RWTH Aachen University, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Peter Grünberg Institute (PGI-9), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
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2
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Gu SS, Kohler S, Xu YQ, Wu R, Jiang SL, Ye SK, Lin T, Wang BC, Li HO, Cao G, Guo GP. Probing Two Driven Double Quantum Dots Strongly Coupled to a Cavity. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 130:233602. [PMID: 37354413 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.233602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
We experimentally and theoretically study a driven hybrid circuit quantum electrodynamics (cQED) system beyond the dispersive coupling regime. Treating the cavity as part of the driven system, we develop a theory applicable to such strongly coupled and to multiqubit systems. The fringes measured for a single driven double quantum dot (DQD)-cavity setting and the enlarged splittings of the hybrid Floquet states in the presence of a second DQD are well reproduced with our model. This opens a path to study Floquet states of multiqubit systems with arbitrarily strong coupling and reveals a new perspective for understanding strongly driven hybrid systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Si Gu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Sigmund Kohler
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Yong-Qiang Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Rui Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Shun-Li Jiang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Shu-Kun Ye
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Ting Lin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Bao-Chuan Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Hai-Ou Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Gang Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
| | - Guo-Ping Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Quantum Information, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
- Hefei National Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230088, China
- Origin Quantum Computing Company Limited, Hefei, Anhui 230088, China
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3
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Secchi A, Troiani F. Multi-Dimensional Quantum Capacitance of the Two-Site Hubbard Model: The Role of Tunable Interdot Tunneling. Entropy (Basel) 2022; 25:82. [PMID: 36673222 PMCID: PMC9857432 DOI: 10.3390/e25010082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Few-electron states confined in quantum-dot arrays are key objects in quantum computing. The discrimination between these states is essential for the readout of a (multi-)qubit state, and can be achieved through a measurement of the quantum capacitance within the gate-reflectometry approach. For a system controlled by several gates, the dependence of the measured capacitance on the direction of the oscillations in the voltage space is captured by the quantum capacitance matrix. Herein, we apply this tool to study a double quantum dot coupled to three gates, which enable the tuning of both the bias and the tunneling between the two dots. Analytical solutions for the two-electron case are derived within a Hubbard model, showing the overall dependence of the quantum capacitance matrix on the applied gate voltages. In particular, we investigate the role of the tunneling gate and reveal the possibility of exploiting interdot coherences in addition to charge displacements between the dots. Our results can be directly applied to double-dot experimental setups, and pave the way for further applications to larger arrays of quantum dots.
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4
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Jang W, Cho MK, Jang H, Kim J, Park J, Kim G, Kang B, Jung H, Umansky V, Kim D. Single-Shot Readout of a Driven Hybrid Qubit in a GaAs Double Quantum Dot. Nano Lett 2021; 21:4999-5005. [PMID: 34109799 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.1c00783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We report a single-shot-based projective readout of a semiconductor hybrid qubit formed by three electrons in a GaAs double quantum dot. Voltage-controlled adiabatic transitions between the qubit operations and readout conditions allow high-fidelity mapping of quantum states. We show that a large ratio both in relaxation time vs tunneling time (≈50) and singlet-triplet splitting vs thermal energy (≈20) allows energy-selective tunneling-based spin-to-charge conversion with a readout visibility of ≈92.6%. Combined with ac driving, we demonstrate high visibility coherent Rabi and Ramsey oscillations of a hybrid qubit in GaAs. Further, we discuss the generality of the method for use in other materials, including silicon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonjin Jang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Min-Kyun Cho
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Hyeongyu Jang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jehyun Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jaemin Park
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Gyeonghun Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Byoungwoo Kang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Hwanchul Jung
- Department of Physics, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Korea
| | - Vladimir Umansky
- Braun Center for Submicron Research, Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Dohun Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Institute of Applied Physics, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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5
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Wang JH, Wang T, Zhang JJ. Epitaxial Growth of Ordered In-Plane Si and Ge Nanowires on Si (001). Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 11:788. [PMID: 33808713 DOI: 10.3390/nano11030788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Controllable growth of wafer-scale in-plane nanowires (NWs) is a prerequisite for achieving addressable and scalable NW-based quantum devices. Here, by introducing molecular beam epitaxy on patterned Si structures, we demonstrate the wafer-scale epitaxial growth of site-controlled in-plane Si, SiGe, and Ge/Si core/shell NW arrays on Si (001) substrate. The epitaxially grown Si, SiGe, and Ge/Si core/shell NW are highly homogeneous with well-defined facets. Suspended Si NWs with four {111} facets and a side width of about 25 nm are observed. Characterizations including high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) confirm the high quality of these epitaxial NWs.
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6
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Ono K, Shevchenko SN, Mori T, Moriyama S, Nori F. Quantum Interferometry with a g-Factor-Tunable Spin Qubit. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 122:207703. [PMID: 31172762 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.207703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2018] [Revised: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We study quantum interference effects of a qubit whose energy levels are continuously modulated. The qubit is formed by an impurity electron spin in a silicon tunneling field-effect transistor, and it is read out by spin blockade in a double-dot configuration. The qubit energy levels are modulated via its gate-voltage-dependent g factors, with either rectangular, sinusoidal, or ramp radio frequency waves. The energy-modulated qubit is probed by the electron spin resonance. Our results demonstrate the potential of spin qubit interferometry implemented in a silicon device and operated at a relatively high temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ono
- Advanced device Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- CEMS, RIKEN, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - S N Shevchenko
- Theoretical Quantum Physics Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- B. Verkin Institute for Low Temperature Physics and Engineering, Kharkov 61103, Ukraine
- V. N. Karazin Kharkov National University, Kharkov 61022, Ukraine
| | - T Mori
- Nanoelectronics Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
| | - S Moriyama
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Franco Nori
- Theoretical Quantum Physics Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster for Pioneering Research, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
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7
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Koski JV, Landig AJ, Pályi A, Scarlino P, Reichl C, Wegscheider W, Burkard G, Wallraff A, Ensslin K, Ihn T. Floquet Spectroscopy of a Strongly Driven Quantum Dot Charge Qubit with a Microwave Resonator. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 121:043603. [PMID: 30095954 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.043603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We experimentally investigate a strongly driven GaAs double quantum dot charge qubit weakly coupled to a superconducting microwave resonator. The Floquet states emerging from strong driving are probed by tracing the qubit-resonator resonance condition. In this way, we probe the resonance of a qubit that is driven in an adiabatic, a nonadiabatic, or an intermediate rate, showing distinct quantum features of multiphoton processes and a fringe pattern similar to Landau-Zener-Stückelberg interference. Our resonant detection scheme enables the investigation of novel features when the drive frequency is comparable to the resonator frequency. Models based on the adiabatic approximation, rotating wave approximation, and Floquet theory explain our experimental observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- J V Koski
- Department of Physics, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - A J Landig
- Department of Physics, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - A Pályi
- Department of Physics, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-BME Exotic Quantum Phases "Momentum" Research Group, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, H-1111 Budapest, Hungary
| | - P Scarlino
- Department of Physics, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - C Reichl
- Department of Physics, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - W Wegscheider
- Department of Physics, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - G Burkard
- Department of Physics, University of Konstanz, D-78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - A Wallraff
- Department of Physics, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - K Ensslin
- Department of Physics, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - T Ihn
- Department of Physics, ETH Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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8
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Bogan A, Studenikin S, Korkusinski M, Gaudreau L, Zawadzki P, Sachrajda AS, Tracy L, Reno J, Hargett T. Landau-Zener-Stückelberg-Majorana Interferometry of a Single Hole. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 120:207701. [PMID: 29864336 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.207701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We perform Landau-Zener-Stückelberg-Majorana (LZSM) spectroscopy on a system with strong spin-orbit interaction (SOI), realized as a single hole confined in a gated double quantum dot. Analogous to electron systems, at a magnetic field B=0 and high modulation frequencies, we observe photon-assisted tunneling between dots, which smoothly evolves into the typical LZSM funnel-shaped interference pattern as the frequency is decreased. In contrast to electrons, the SOI enables an additional, efficient spin-flip interdot tunneling channel, introducing a distinct interference pattern at finite B. Magnetotransport spectra at low-frequency LZSM driving show the two channels to be equally coherent. High-frequency LZSM driving reveals complex photon-assisted tunneling pathways, both spin conserving and spin flip, which form closed loops at critical magnetic fields. In one such loop, an arbitrary hole spin state is inverted, opening the way toward its all-electrical manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Bogan
- Emerging Technology Division, National Research Council, Ottawa, Canada K1A0R6
| | - Sergei Studenikin
- Emerging Technology Division, National Research Council, Ottawa, Canada K1A0R6
| | - Marek Korkusinski
- Emerging Technology Division, National Research Council, Ottawa, Canada K1A0R6
| | - Louis Gaudreau
- Emerging Technology Division, National Research Council, Ottawa, Canada K1A0R6
| | - Piotr Zawadzki
- Emerging Technology Division, National Research Council, Ottawa, Canada K1A0R6
| | - Andy S Sachrajda
- Emerging Technology Division, National Research Council, Ottawa, Canada K1A0R6
| | - Lisa Tracy
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - John Reno
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
| | - Terry Hargett
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, USA
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9
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Brauns M, Amitonov SV, Spruijtenburg PC, Zwanenburg FA. Palladium gates for reproducible quantum dots in silicon. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5690. [PMID: 29632303 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-24004-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2017] [Accepted: 03/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
We replace the established aluminium gates for the formation of quantum dots in silicon with gates made from palladium. We study the morphology of both aluminium and palladium gates with transmission electron microscopy. The native aluminium oxide is found to be formed all around the aluminium gates, which could lead to the formation of unintentional dots. Therefore, we report on a novel fabrication route that replaces aluminium and its native oxide by palladium with atomic-layer-deposition-grown aluminium oxide. Using this approach, we show the formation of low-disorder gate-defined quantum dots, which are reproducibly fabricated. Furthermore, palladium enables us to further shrink the gate design, allowing us to perform electron transport measurements in the few-electron regime in devices comprising only two gate layers, a major technological advancement. It remains to be seen, whether the introduction of palladium gates can improve the excellent results on electron and nuclear spin qubits defined with an aluminium gate stack.
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10
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Zhang SS, Gao W, Cheng H, You L, Liu HP. Symmetry-Breaking Assisted Landau-Zener Transitions in Rydberg Atoms. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 120:063203. [PMID: 29481261 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.063203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2016] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We report the observation of a controlled Landau-Zener transition (LZT) in Rydberg atoms by breaking the symmetry of the underlying Hamiltonian. For a nonhydrogenic Rydberg atom inside a changing electric (F) field, a LZT occurs between the avoided crossing energy levels of neighboring Rydberg states only for a sufficiently high changing rate. If a transverse magnetic (B) field is applied as we implement, the atomic level symmetry is broken, which causes the Stark manifolds denoted by a different |m| (m is the magnetic quantum number) to interact with each other. The mixed state levels end up pushing the adiabatically repelled target states closer and additionally they serve as stepping stones for the sequential LZTs between the neighboring sublevels. Such a feature significantly decreases the changing rate required for an efficient LZT inside a pure electric field. We report experimental observations that support the above scenario. It opens a versatile approach for engineering a controlled LZT in more general systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - W Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - H Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
| | - L You
- State Key Laboratory of Low Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100084, China
| | - H P Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
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11
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Ono K, Giavaras G, Tanamoto T, Ohguro T, Hu X, Nori F. Hole Spin Resonance and Spin-Orbit Coupling in a Silicon Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 119:156802. [PMID: 29077473 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.156802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We study hole spin resonance in a p-channel silicon metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor. In the subthreshold region, the measured source-drain current reveals a double dot in the channel. The observed spin resonance spectra agree with a model of strongly coupled two-spin states in the presence of a spin-orbit-induced anticrossing. Detailed spectroscopy at the anticrossing shows a suppressed spin resonance signal due to spin-orbit-induced quantum state mixing. This suppression is also observed for multiphoton spin resonances. Our experimental observations agree with theoretical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ono
- Advanced device laboratory, RIKEN, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - G Giavaras
- CEMS, RIKEN, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - T Tanamoto
- Corporate R&D Center, Toshiba Corporation, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 212-8582, Japan
| | - T Ohguro
- Corporate R&D Center, Toshiba Corporation, Kawasaki-shi, Kanagawa 212-8582, Japan
| | - X Hu
- CEMS, RIKEN, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, University at Buffalo, SUNY, Buffalo, New York 14260-1500, USA
| | - F Nori
- CEMS, RIKEN, Wako-shi, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
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12
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Abstract
Electric charge detection by atomic force microscopy (AFM) with single-electron resolution (e-EFM) is a promising way to investigate the electronic level structure of individual quantum dots (QDs). The oscillating AFM tip modulates the energy of the QDs, causing single electrons to tunnel between QDs and an electrode. The resulting oscillating electrostatic force changes the resonant frequency and damping of the AFM cantilever, enabling electrometry with a single-electron sensitivity. Quantitative electronic level spectroscopy is possible by sweeping the bias voltage. Charge stability diagram can be obtained by scanning the AFM tip around the QD. e-EFM technique enables to investigate individual colloidal nanoparticles and self-assembled QDs without nanoscale electrodes. e-EFM is a quantum electromechanical system where the back-action of a tunneling electron is detected by AFM; it can also be considered as a mechanical analog of admittance spectroscopy with a radio frequency resonator, which is emerging as a promising tool for quantum state readout for quantum computing. In combination with the topography imaging capability of the AFM, e-EFM is a powerful tool for investigating new nanoscale material systems which can be used as quantum bits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichi Miyahara
- Department of Physics, McGill University, 3600 rue University, Montreal, H3A 2T8, Quebec, Canada
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13
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Crippa A, Maurand R, Kotekar-Patil D, Corna A, Bohuslavskyi H, Orlov AO, Fay P, Laviéville R, Barraud S, Vinet M, Sanquer M, De Franceschi S, Jehl X. Level Spectrum and Charge Relaxation in a Silicon Double Quantum Dot Probed by Dual-Gate Reflectometry. Nano Lett 2017; 17:1001-1006. [PMID: 28080065 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b04354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We report on dual-gate reflectometry in a metal-oxide-semiconductor double-gate silicon transistor operating at low temperature as a double quantum dot device. The reflectometry setup consists of two radio frequency resonators respectively connected to the two gate electrodes. By simultaneously measuring their dispersive responses, we obtain the complete charge stability diagram of the device. Electron transitions between the two quantum dots and between each quantum dot and either the source or the drain contact are detected through phase shifts in the reflected radio frequency signals. At finite bias, reflectometry allows probing charge transitions to excited quantum-dot states, thereby enabling direct access to the energy level spectra of the quantum dots. Interestingly, we find that in the presence of electron transport across the two dots the reflectometry signatures of interdot transitions display a dip-peak structure containing quantitative information on the charge relaxation rates in the double quantum dot.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Crippa
- Université Grenoble Alpes and CEA INAC-PHELIQS , F-38000 Grenoble, France
- Dipartimento di Scienza dei Materiali, Università di Milano Bicocca , Via Cozzi 53, 20125 Milano, Italy
- CNR-IMM , Via C. Olivetti 2, 20864 Agrate Brianza (MB), Italy
| | - Romain Maurand
- Université Grenoble Alpes and CEA INAC-PHELIQS , F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | - Andrea Corna
- Université Grenoble Alpes and CEA INAC-PHELIQS , F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Heorhii Bohuslavskyi
- Université Grenoble Alpes and CEA INAC-PHELIQS , F-38000 Grenoble, France
- CEA , LETI MINATEC Campus, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Alexei O Orlov
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Notre Dame , Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Patrick Fay
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Notre Dame , Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Romain Laviéville
- Université Grenoble Alpes and CEA INAC-PHELIQS , F-38000 Grenoble, France
- CEA , LETI MINATEC Campus, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Sylvain Barraud
- Université Grenoble Alpes and CEA INAC-PHELIQS , F-38000 Grenoble, France
- CEA , LETI MINATEC Campus, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Maud Vinet
- Université Grenoble Alpes and CEA INAC-PHELIQS , F-38000 Grenoble, France
- CEA , LETI MINATEC Campus, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Marc Sanquer
- Université Grenoble Alpes and CEA INAC-PHELIQS , F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | - Xavier Jehl
- Université Grenoble Alpes and CEA INAC-PHELIQS , F-38000 Grenoble, France
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