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Schumacher C, Fritz L, Hanek LM, Sidorin V, Brüx D, Bolm C. Reshuffle Bonds by Ball Milling: A Mechanochemical Protocol for Charge-Accelerated Aza-Claisen Rearrangements. Molecules 2023; 28. [PMID: 36677865 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28020807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This study presents the development of a mechanochemical protocol for a charge-accelerated aza-Claisen rearrangement. The protocol waives the use of commonly applied transition metals, ligands, or pyrophoric Lewis acids, e.g., AlMe3. Based on (heterocyclic) tertiary allylamines and acyl chlorides, the desired tertiary amides were prepared in yields ranging from 17% to 84%. Moreover, the same protocol was applied for a Belluš-Claisen-type rearrangement resulting in the synthesis of a 9-membered lactam without further optimization.
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Feng M, Zhang H, Maulide N. Challenges and Breakthroughs in Selective Amide Activation. Angew Chem Weinheim Bergstr Ger 2022; 134:e202212213. [PMID: 38504998 PMCID: PMC10947092 DOI: 10.1002/ange.202212213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In contrast to ketones and carboxylic esters, amides are classically seen as comparatively unreactive members of the carbonyl family, owing to their unique structural and electronic features. However, recent decades have seen the emergence of research programmes focused on the selective activation of amides under mild conditions. In the past four years, this area has continued to rapidly develop, with new advances coming in at a fast pace. Several novel activation strategies have been demonstrated as effective tools for selective amide activation, enabling transformations that are at once synthetically useful and mechanistically intriguing. This Minireview comprises recent advances in the field, highlighting new trends and breakthroughs in what could be called a new age of amide activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minghao Feng
- Faculty of ChemistryInstitute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWähringer Straße 381090ViennaAustria
| | - Haoqi Zhang
- Faculty of ChemistryInstitute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWähringer Straße 381090ViennaAustria
- Christian-Doppler Laboratory for Entropy-Oriented Drug DesignJosef-Holaubek-Platz 21090ViennaAustria
| | - Nuno Maulide
- Faculty of ChemistryInstitute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of ViennaWähringer Straße 381090ViennaAustria
- Christian-Doppler Laboratory for Entropy-Oriented Drug DesignJosef-Holaubek-Platz 21090ViennaAustria
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Xia XF, Huang Q, Sun TY, Jiang Y, Ran G. Catalytic Desaturation and β-Fluorination of Aliphatic Amides Enabled by an Oxidative-Promoted Bond Destabilization. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c04014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Feng Xia
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu214122, China
| | - Quan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu214122, China
| | - Tian-Yu Sun
- Institute of Chemical Biology, Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen518132, China
| | - Yuqin Jiang
- Henan Engineering Research Centre of Chiral Hydroxyl Pharmaceutical, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang453007, China
| | - Guoxia Ran
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Biological Colloids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemical and Material Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu214122, China
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Hu X, Hao S, Wei Y, Wang ZL, Wang H, Feng Y, Qin Q. De novo synthesis of polysubstituted β-naphthylamines via Tf2O-mediated [4+2] annulation of amides with alkynes. Tetrahedron Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2022.153731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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He Q, Ye JL, Xu FF, Geng H, Chen TT, Chen H, Huang PQ. Tf 2O/TTBP (2,4,6-Tri- tert-butylpyrimidine): An Alternative Amide Activation System for the Direct Transformations of Both Tertiary and Secondary Amides. J Org Chem 2021; 86:16300-16314. [PMID: 34499513 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Ten types of Tf2O/TTBP-mediated amide transformation reactions were investigated. The results showed that compared with pyridine derivatives 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylpyridine (DTBMP) and 2-fluoropyridine (2-F-Pyr.), TTBP can serve as an alternative amide activation system for the direct transformation of both secondary and tertiary amides. For most surveyed examples, higher or comparable yields were generally obtained. In addition, Tf2O/TTBP combination was used to promote the condensation reactions of 2-(tert-butyldimethylsilyloxy)furan (TBSOF) with both tertiary and secondary amides, the one-pot reductive Bischler-Napieralski-type reaction of tertiary lactams, and Movassaghi and Hill's modern version of the Bischler-Napieralski reaction. The value of the Tf2O/TTBP-based methodology was further demonstrated by the concise and high-yielding syntheses of several natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian He
- Department of Chemistry and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Liang Ye
- Department of Chemistry and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, P. R. China
| | - Fang-Fang Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, P. R. China
| | - Hui Geng
- Department of Chemistry and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, P. R. China
| | - Ting-Ting Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, P. R. China
| | - Hang Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, P. R. China
| | - Pei-Qiang Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, P. R. China
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Munyemana F, Patiny L, Ghosez L. A mild method for the replacement of a hydroxyl group by halogen: 3. the dichotomous behavior of α-haloenamines towards allylic and propargylic alcohols. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.132148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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