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Cai M, Zhang L, Zhang W, Lin Q, Luo S. Enantioselective Transformations by "1 + x" Synergistic Catalysis with Chiral Primary Amines. Acc Chem Res 2024. [PMID: 38700481 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.4c00128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
ConspectusSynergistic catalysis is a powerful tool that involves two or more distinctive catalytic systems to activate reaction partners simultaneously, thereby expanding the reactivity space of individual catalysis. As an established catalytic strategy, organocatalysis has found numerous applications in enantioselective transformations under rather mild conditions. Recently, the introduction of other catalytic systems has significantly expanded the reaction space of typical organocatalysis. In this regard, aminocatalysis is a prototypical example of synergistic catalysis. The combination of aminocatalyst and transition metal could be traced back to the early days of organocatalysis and has now been well explored as an enabling catalytic strategy. Particularly, the acid-base properties of aminocatalysis can be significantly expanded to include usually electrophiles generated in situ via metal-catalyzed cycles. Later on, aminocatalyst has also been exploited in synergistically combining with photochemical and electrochemical processes to facilitate redox transformations. However, synergistically combining one type of aminocatalyst with many different catalytic systems remains a great challenge. One of the most daunting challenges is the compatibility of aminocatalysts in coexistence with other catalytic species. As nucleophilic species, aminocatalysts may also bind with metal, which leads to mutual inhibition or even quenching of the individual catalytic activity. In addition, oxidative stability of aminocatalyst is also a non-neglectable issue, which causes difficulties in exploring oxidative enamine transformations.In 2007, we developed a vicinal diamine type of chiral primary aminocatalysts. This class of primary aminocatalysts was developed and evolved as functional and mechanistic mimics to the natural aldolase and has been widely applied in a number of enamine/iminium ion-based transformations. By following a "1 + x" synergistic strategy, the chiral primary amine catalysts were found to work synergistically or cooperatively with a number of transition metal catalysts, such as Pd, Rh, Ag, Co, and Cu, or other organocatalysts, such as B(C6F5)3, ketone, selenium, and iodide. Photocatalysis and electrochemical processes can also be incorporated to work together with the chiral primary amine catalysts. The 1 + x catalytic strategy enabled us to execute unexploited transformations by fine-tuning the acid-base and redox properties of the enamine intermediates and to achieve effective reaction and stereocontrol beyond the reach individually. During these efforts, an unprecedented excited-state chemistry of enamine was uncovered to make possible an effective deracemization process. In this Account, we describe our recent efforts since 2015 in exploring synergistic chiral primary amine catalysis, and the content is categorized according to the type of synergistic partner such that in each section the developed synergistic catalysis, reaction scopes, and mechanistic features are presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao Cai
- Center of Basic Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Long Zhang
- Center of Basic Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Wenzhao Zhang
- Center of Basic Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qifeng Lin
- Center of Basic Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Sanzhong Luo
- Center of Basic Molecular Science, Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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Stadel JT, Back TG. Asymmetric Synthesis with Organoselenium Compounds - The Past Twelve Years. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202304074. [PMID: 38199954 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202304074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
The discovery and synthetic applications of novel organoselenium compounds and their reactions proceeded rapidly during the past fifty years and such processes are now carried out routinely in many laboratories. At the same time, the growing demand for new enantioselective processes provided new challenges. The convergence of selenium chemistry and asymmetric synthesis led to key developments in the 1970s, although the majority of early work was based on stoichiometric processes. More recently, greater emphasis has been placed on greener catalytic variations, along with the discovery of novel reactions and a deeper understanding of their mechanisms. The present review covers the literature in this field from 2010 to early 2023 and encompasses asymmetric reactions mediated by chiral selenium-based reagents, auxiliaries, and especially, catalysts. Protocols based on achiral selenium compounds in conjunction with other species of chiral catalysts, as well as reactions that are controlled by chiral substrates, are also included.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica T Stadel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, T2N 1N4
| | - Thomas G Back
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada, T2N 1N4
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Li G, Zhao X, Zhang J, Liu X, Sun B, Xu F. Nickel-catalyzed oxidative thiolation of α-amino carbonyl compounds with thiols. Org Biomol Chem 2024; 22:2003-2006. [PMID: 38376800 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01825c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
An efficient oxidative thiolation of α-amino carbonyl compounds with thiols by the catalysis of an Earth-abundant nickel salt is disclosed for the first time. A variety of alkyl thiols and (hetero)aryl thiols underwent the reaction well with α-amino ketones and an α-amino ester to produce the desired α,α-aminothiocarbonyl compounds in good to excellent yields under ligand- and base-free conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaoqiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaoqian Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, P. R. China.
| | - Jiarui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, P. R. China.
| | - Xue Liu
- Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, P. R. China.
| | - Bangguo Sun
- Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, P. R. China.
| | - Feng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710062, P. R. China.
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Gupta E, Vaishanv NK, Kumar S, Purshottam RK, Kant R, Mohanan K. Organocatalytic asymmetric nitroso aldol reaction of α-substituted malonamates. Beilstein J Org Chem 2022; 18:217-224. [PMID: 35280951 PMCID: PMC8895028 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.18.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
A practical enantioselective N-selective nitroso aldol reaction of α-methylmalonamates with a nitrosoarene is reported. The reaction employs the Takemoto thiourea catalyst for the induction of enantioselectivity, and the corresponding optically active oxyaminated malonamates were obtained in reasonably good yields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekta Gupta
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram extension, Sitapur Road, P.O. Box 173, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Narendra Kumar Vaishanv
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram extension, Sitapur Road, P.O. Box 173, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram extension, Sitapur Road, P.O. Box 173, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Raja Krishnan Purshottam
- Sophisticated Analytical Instrument Facility CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram extension, Sitapur Road, P.O. Box 173, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Ruchir Kant
- Molecular and Structural Biology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram extension, Sitapur Road, P.O. Box 173, Lucknow 226031, India
| | - Kishor Mohanan
- Medicinal & Process Chemistry Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram extension, Sitapur Road, P.O. Box 173, Lucknow 226031, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad, 201002, India
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Liu T, Ni S, Guo W. Practical asymmetric amine nucleophilic approach for the modular construction of protected α-quaternary amino acids. Chem Sci 2022; 13:6806-6812. [PMID: 35774153 PMCID: PMC9200120 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc02318k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
We report the first amine nucleophilic approach for the modular construction of enantioenriched protected α-quaternary amino acids. The key to success is the use of an alcohol solvent, which makes a rationally designed COOMe-bonded Cu-allenylidene electrophilic intermediate stable enough to couple with amine nucleophiles before its decomposition. The reaction features wide functional group tolerance with high enantioselectivity, typically >90% ee, and is amenable to the modification of commercially available bioactive molecules. The resultant protected α-amino acids could be readily converted into a number of precious enantioenriched amines featuring α-hindered tertiary carbon centers, which are otherwise synthetically quite challenging, including those of α-amino aldehyde, peptides or α-vinyl amino ester with >92% ee in excellent yields. This protocol could be utilized for the synthesis of the protected bioactive α-ethylnorvaline in 3 steps, a significant advancement in comparison to an 11-step sequence reported previously. We report the first amine nucleophilic approach for the modular construction of enantioenriched protected α-quaternary amino acids.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng Liu
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (FIST), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Yanxiang Road 99, Xi'an 710045, China
| | - Shaofei Ni
- Department of Chemistry, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Wusheng Guo
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology (FIST), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Yanxiang Road 99, Xi'an 710045, China
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanfang Li
- School of Materials and Chemistry University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai 200093 P. R. China
| | - Yan Zheng
- School of Materials and Chemistry University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai 200093 P. R. China
| | - Erdong Qu
- School of Materials and Chemistry University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai 200093 P. R. China
| | - Jin Bai
- School of Materials and Chemistry University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai 200093 P. R. China
| | - Qinyue Deng
- School of Materials and Chemistry University of Shanghai for Science and Technology Shanghai 200093 P. R. China
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Zhang H, Yang Z, Zhang H, Han Y, Zhao J, Zhang Y. The Cross‐Dehydrogenative Coupling Reaction of β‐Ketoesters with Quinoxalin‐2(1
H
)‐ones. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202100310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong‐Yu Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Hebei Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Technology & High Efficient Energy Saving Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chemical Process Safety Hebei University of Technology Tianjin 300130 P. R. China
| | - Zibing Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Hebei Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Technology & High Efficient Energy Saving Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chemical Process Safety Hebei University of Technology Tianjin 300130 P. R. China
| | - Huizhen Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Hebei Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Technology & High Efficient Energy Saving Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chemical Process Safety Hebei University of Technology Tianjin 300130 P. R. China
| | - Ya‐Ping Han
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Hebei Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Technology & High Efficient Energy Saving Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chemical Process Safety Hebei University of Technology Tianjin 300130 P. R. China
| | - Jiquan Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Hebei Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Technology & High Efficient Energy Saving Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chemical Process Safety Hebei University of Technology Tianjin 300130 P. R. China
| | - Yuecheng Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology Hebei Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Technology & High Efficient Energy Saving Tianjin Key Laboratory of Chemical Process Safety Hebei University of Technology Tianjin 300130 P. R. China
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Zhou S, Liu Q, Bao M, Huang J, Wang J, Hu W, Xu X. Gold(i)-catalyzed redox transformation of o-nitroalkynes with indoles for the synthesis of 2,3′-biindole derivatives. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00134e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A gold(i)-catalyzed cascade reaction of o-nitroalkynes with indoles has been reported for the rapid assembly of 2-indolyl indolone N-oxides, which exhibit high anticancer potency against SCLC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Zhou
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
| | - Qianqian Liu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
| | - Ming Bao
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
| | - Jie Huang
- Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine in Lung Cancer
- Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital and Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences
- Guangzhou 510080
- China
| | - Junjian Wang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
| | - Wenhao Hu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
| | - Xinfang Xu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Sun Yat-sen University
- Guangzhou 510006
- China
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Ran M, He J, Yan B, Liu W, Li Y, Fu Y, Li CJ, Yao Q. Catalyst-free generation of acyl radicals induced by visible light in water to construct C–N bonds. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:1970-1975. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ob02364g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new route to produce acyl radicals by the cleavage of Csp2–Csp2 bonds of α-diketones irradiated by visible light was developed and hydroxylamides or amides were selectively synthesized in water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maogang Ran
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province
- Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province
- Department of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medical University
- Zunyi
| | - Jiaxin He
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province
- Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province
- Department of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medical University
- Zunyi
| | - Boyu Yan
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province
- Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province
- Department of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medical University
- Zunyi
| | - Wenbo Liu
- Department of Chemistry
- McGill University
- Montreal
- Canada
| | - Yi Li
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province
- Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province
- Department of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medical University
- Zunyi
| | - Yunfen Fu
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province
- Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province
- Department of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medical University
- Zunyi
| | - Chao-Jun Li
- Department of Chemistry
- McGill University
- Montreal
- Canada
| | - Qiuli Yao
- Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis & Chiral Drug Synthesis of Guizhou Province
- Generic Drug Research Center of Guizhou Province
- Department of Pharmacy
- Zunyi Medical University
- Zunyi
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Sun D, Yang S, Fang X. Asymmetric catalytic construction of fully substituted carbon stereocenters using acyclic α-branched β-ketocarbonyls: the “Methyl Rule” widely exists. Org Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0qo00673d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This review illustrates the recent advances in catalytic asymmetric α-functionalization of acyclic β-ketocarbonyls. A thorough survey of all these reactions indicates the existance of a general principle which is called the “Methyl Rule”.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deqian Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry
- and Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter (FJIRSM)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Fuzhou 350100
| | - Shuang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry
- and Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter (FJIRSM)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Fuzhou 350100
| | - Xinqiang Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry
- and Key Laboratory of Coal to Ethylene Glycol and Its Related Technology
- Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter (FJIRSM)
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Fuzhou 350100
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