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Song Y, Chen N, Jiang Q, Mukhopadhyay T, Wondmagegn W, Klausen RS, Katz HE. Selective Detection of Functionalized Carbon Particles based on Polymer Semiconducting and Conducting Devices as Potential Particulate Matter Sensors. Small 2024; 20:e2310527. [PMID: 38050933 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202310527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
This paper reports a new mechanism for particulate matter detection and identification. Three types of carbon particles are synthesized with different functional groups to mimic the real particulates in atmospheric aerosol. After exposing polymer-based organic devices in organic field effect transistor (OFET) architectures to the particle mist, the sensitivity and selectivity of the detection of different types of particles are shown by the current changes extracted from the transfer curves. The results indicate that the sensitivity of the devices is related to the structure and functional groups of the organic semiconducting layers, as well as the morphology. The predominant response is simulated by a model that yielded values of charge carrier density increase and charge carriers delivered per unit mass of particles. The research points out that polymer semiconductor devices have the ability to selectively detect particles with multiple functional groups, which reveals a future direction for selective detection of particulate matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjia Song
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 206 Maryland Hall, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Nan Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 206 Maryland Hall, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Qifeng Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Tushita Mukhopadhyay
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 206 Maryland Hall, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Wudyalew Wondmagegn
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The College of New Jersey, Ewing, NJ, 08628, USA
| | - Rebekka S Klausen
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Howard E Katz
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, 206 Maryland Hall, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
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Jang HJ, Sui X, Zhuang W, Huang X, Chen M, Cai X, Wang Y, Ryu B, Pu H, Ankenbruck N, Beavis K, Huang J, Chen J. Remote Floating-Gate Field-Effect Transistor with 2-Dimensional Reduced Graphene Oxide Sensing Layer for Reliable Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Spike Proteins. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2022; 14:24187-24196. [PMID: 35593886 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c04969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Despite intensive research of nanomaterials-based field-effect transistors (FETs) as a rapid diagnostic tool, it remains to be seen for FET sensors to be used for clinical applications due to a lack of stability, reliability, reproducibility, and scalability for mass production. Herein, we propose a remote floating-gate (RFG) FET configuration to eliminate device-to-device variations of two-dimensional reduced graphene oxide (rGO) sensing surfaces and most of the instability at the solution interface. Also, critical mechanistic factors behind the electrochemical instability of rGO such as severe drift and hysteresis were identified through extensive studies on rGO-solution interfaces varied by rGO thickness, coverage, and reduction temperature. rGO surfaces in our RFGFET structure displayed a Nernstian response of 54 mV/pH (from pH 2 to 11) with a 90% yield (9 samples out of total 10), coefficient of variation (CV) < 3%, and a low drift rate of 2%, all of which were calculated from the absolute measurement values. As proof-of-concept, we demonstrated highly reliable, reproducible, and label-free detection of spike proteins of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in a saliva-relevant media with concentrations ranging from 500 fg/mL to 5 μg/mL, with an R2 value of 0.984 and CV < 3%, and a guaranteed limit of detection at a few pg/mL. Taken together, this new platform may have an immense effect on positioning FET bioelectronics in a clinical setting for detecting SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-June Jang
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Physical Sciences and Engineering Directorate, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Xiaoyu Sui
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Physical Sciences and Engineering Directorate, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Wen Zhuang
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Xiaodan Huang
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Min Chen
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Xiaolei Cai
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Yale Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, United States
| | - Byunghoon Ryu
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Physical Sciences and Engineering Directorate, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Haihui Pu
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Physical Sciences and Engineering Directorate, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Nicholas Ankenbruck
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Kathleen Beavis
- Department of Pathology, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Jun Huang
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Junhong Chen
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Physical Sciences and Engineering Directorate, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
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Song Y, Wagner J, Katz HE. The behavior of carboxylated and hydroxylated polythiophene as bioreceptor layer: Anti‐human IgG and human IgG interaction detection based on organic electrochemical transistors. Electrochemical Science Advances 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/elsa.202100166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yunjia Song
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Johns Hopkins University Baltimore Maryland USA
| | - Justine Wagner
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Johns Hopkins University Baltimore Maryland USA
| | - Howard E. Katz
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering Johns Hopkins University Baltimore Maryland USA
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