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Seo D, Soeta T, Sakurai H, Sétif P, Sakurai T. Pre-steady-state kinetic studies of redox reactions catalysed by Bacillus subtilis ferredoxin-NADP(+) oxidoreductase with NADP(+)/NADPH and ferredoxin. Biochim Biophys Acta 2016; 1857:678-87. [PMID: 26965753 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2016.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Revised: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Ferredoxin-NADP(+) oxidoreductase ([EC1.18.1.2], FNR) from Bacillus subtilis (BsFNR) is a homodimeric flavoprotein sharing structural homology with bacterial NADPH-thioredoxin reductase. Pre-steady-state kinetics of the reactions of BsFNR with NADP(+), NADPH, NADPD (deuterated form) and B. subtilis ferredoxin (BsFd) using stopped-flow spectrophotometry were studied. Mixing BsFNR with NADP(+) and NADPH yielded two types of charge-transfer (CT) complexes, oxidized FNR (FNR(ox))-NADPH and reduced FNR (FNR(red))-NADP(+), both having CT absorption bands centered at approximately 600n m. After mixing BsFNR(ox) with about a 10-fold molar excess of NADPH (forward reaction), BsFNR was almost completely reduced at equilibrium. When BsFNR(red) was mixed with NADP(+), the amount of BsFNR(ox) increased with increasing NADP(+) concentration, but BsFNR(red) remained as the major species at equilibrium even with about 50-fold molar excess NADP(+). In both directions, the hydride-transfer was the rate-determining step, where the forward direction rate constant (~500 s(-1)) was much higher than the reverse one (<10 s(-1)). Mixing BsFd(red) with BsFNR(ox) induced rapid formation of a neutral semiquinone form. This process was almost completed within 1 ms. Subsequently the neutral semiquinone form was reduced to the hydroquinone form with an apparent rate constant of 50 to 70 s(-1) at 10°C, which increased as BsFd(red) increased from 40 to 120 μM. The reduction rate of BsFNR(ox) by BsFd(red) was markedly decreased by premixing BsFNR(ox) with BsFd(ox), indicating that the dissociation of BsFd(ox) from BsFNR(sq) is rate-limiting in the reaction. The characteristics of the BsFNR reactions with NADP(+)/NADPH were compared with those of other types of FNRs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisuke Seo
- Division of Material Science, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan.
| | - Takahiro Soeta
- Division of Material Science, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Sakurai
- Research Institute for Photobiological Hydrogen Production, Kanagawa University, Tsuchiya, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1293, Japan
| | - Pierre Sétif
- CEA, iBiTecS, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France; CNRS/Université Paris-Sud/CEA, I2BC, 91190 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Takeshi Sakurai
- Division of Material Science, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
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Lehtimäki N, Koskela MM, Dahlström KM, Pakula E, Lintala M, Scholz M, Hippler M, Hanke GT, Rokka A, Battchikova N, Salminen TA, Mulo P. Posttranslational modifications of FERREDOXIN-NADP+ OXIDOREDUCTASE in Arabidopsis chloroplasts. Plant Physiol 2014; 166:1764-76. [PMID: 25301888 PMCID: PMC4256869 DOI: 10.1104/pp.114.249094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Rapid responses of chloroplast metabolism and adjustments to photosynthetic machinery are of utmost importance for plants' survival in a fluctuating environment. These changes may be achieved through posttranslational modifications of proteins, which are known to affect the activity, interactions, and localization of proteins. Recent studies have accumulated evidence about the crucial role of a multitude of modifications, including acetylation, methylation, and glycosylation, in the regulation of chloroplast proteins. Both of the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) leaf-type FERREDOXIN-NADP(+) OXIDOREDUCTASE (FNR) isoforms, the key enzymes linking the light reactions of photosynthesis to carbon assimilation, exist as two distinct forms with different isoelectric points. We show that both AtFNR isoforms contain multiple alternative amino termini and undergo light-responsive addition of an acetyl group to the α-amino group of the amino-terminal amino acid of proteins, which causes the change in isoelectric point. Both isoforms were also found to contain acetylation of a conserved lysine residue near the active site, while no evidence for in vivo phosphorylation or glycosylation was detected. The dynamic, multilayer regulation of AtFNR exemplifies the complex regulatory network systems controlling chloroplast proteins by a range of posttranslational modifications, which continues to emerge as a novel area within photosynthesis research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Lehtimäki
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland (N.L., M.M.K., E.P., M.L., N.B., P.M.);Structural Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520 Turku, Finland (K.M.D., T.A.S.);Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, DE-48143 Muenster, Germany (M.S., M.H.);Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, University of Osnabrück, DE-49076 Osnabruck, Germany (G.T.H.); andTurku Centre for Biotechnology, FI-20520 Turku, Finland (A.R.)
| | - Minna M Koskela
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland (N.L., M.M.K., E.P., M.L., N.B., P.M.);Structural Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520 Turku, Finland (K.M.D., T.A.S.);Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, DE-48143 Muenster, Germany (M.S., M.H.);Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, University of Osnabrück, DE-49076 Osnabruck, Germany (G.T.H.); andTurku Centre for Biotechnology, FI-20520 Turku, Finland (A.R.)
| | - Käthe M Dahlström
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland (N.L., M.M.K., E.P., M.L., N.B., P.M.);Structural Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520 Turku, Finland (K.M.D., T.A.S.);Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, DE-48143 Muenster, Germany (M.S., M.H.);Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, University of Osnabrück, DE-49076 Osnabruck, Germany (G.T.H.); andTurku Centre for Biotechnology, FI-20520 Turku, Finland (A.R.)
| | - Eveliina Pakula
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland (N.L., M.M.K., E.P., M.L., N.B., P.M.);Structural Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520 Turku, Finland (K.M.D., T.A.S.);Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, DE-48143 Muenster, Germany (M.S., M.H.);Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, University of Osnabrück, DE-49076 Osnabruck, Germany (G.T.H.); andTurku Centre for Biotechnology, FI-20520 Turku, Finland (A.R.)
| | - Minna Lintala
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland (N.L., M.M.K., E.P., M.L., N.B., P.M.);Structural Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520 Turku, Finland (K.M.D., T.A.S.);Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, DE-48143 Muenster, Germany (M.S., M.H.);Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, University of Osnabrück, DE-49076 Osnabruck, Germany (G.T.H.); andTurku Centre for Biotechnology, FI-20520 Turku, Finland (A.R.)
| | - Martin Scholz
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland (N.L., M.M.K., E.P., M.L., N.B., P.M.);Structural Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520 Turku, Finland (K.M.D., T.A.S.);Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, DE-48143 Muenster, Germany (M.S., M.H.);Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, University of Osnabrück, DE-49076 Osnabruck, Germany (G.T.H.); andTurku Centre for Biotechnology, FI-20520 Turku, Finland (A.R.)
| | - Michael Hippler
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland (N.L., M.M.K., E.P., M.L., N.B., P.M.);Structural Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520 Turku, Finland (K.M.D., T.A.S.);Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, DE-48143 Muenster, Germany (M.S., M.H.);Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, University of Osnabrück, DE-49076 Osnabruck, Germany (G.T.H.); andTurku Centre for Biotechnology, FI-20520 Turku, Finland (A.R.)
| | - Guy T Hanke
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland (N.L., M.M.K., E.P., M.L., N.B., P.M.);Structural Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520 Turku, Finland (K.M.D., T.A.S.);Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, DE-48143 Muenster, Germany (M.S., M.H.);Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, University of Osnabrück, DE-49076 Osnabruck, Germany (G.T.H.); andTurku Centre for Biotechnology, FI-20520 Turku, Finland (A.R.)
| | - Anne Rokka
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland (N.L., M.M.K., E.P., M.L., N.B., P.M.);Structural Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520 Turku, Finland (K.M.D., T.A.S.);Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, DE-48143 Muenster, Germany (M.S., M.H.);Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, University of Osnabrück, DE-49076 Osnabruck, Germany (G.T.H.); andTurku Centre for Biotechnology, FI-20520 Turku, Finland (A.R.)
| | - Natalia Battchikova
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland (N.L., M.M.K., E.P., M.L., N.B., P.M.);Structural Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520 Turku, Finland (K.M.D., T.A.S.);Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, DE-48143 Muenster, Germany (M.S., M.H.);Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, University of Osnabrück, DE-49076 Osnabruck, Germany (G.T.H.); andTurku Centre for Biotechnology, FI-20520 Turku, Finland (A.R.)
| | - Tiina A Salminen
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland (N.L., M.M.K., E.P., M.L., N.B., P.M.);Structural Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520 Turku, Finland (K.M.D., T.A.S.);Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, DE-48143 Muenster, Germany (M.S., M.H.);Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, University of Osnabrück, DE-49076 Osnabruck, Germany (G.T.H.); andTurku Centre for Biotechnology, FI-20520 Turku, Finland (A.R.)
| | - Paula Mulo
- Molecular Plant Biology, Department of Biochemistry, University of Turku, FI-20520 Turku, Finland (N.L., M.M.K., E.P., M.L., N.B., P.M.);Structural Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20520 Turku, Finland (K.M.D., T.A.S.);Institute of Plant Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, DE-48143 Muenster, Germany (M.S., M.H.);Plant Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, University of Osnabrück, DE-49076 Osnabruck, Germany (G.T.H.); andTurku Centre for Biotechnology, FI-20520 Turku, Finland (A.R.)
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