1
|
Siddiqui SA, Stuyver T, Shaik S, Dubey KD. Designed Local Electric Fields-Promising Tools for Enzyme Engineering. JACS Au 2023; 3:3259-3269. [PMID: 38155642 PMCID: PMC10752214 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
Designing efficient catalysts is one of the ultimate goals of chemists. In this Perspective, we discuss how local electric fields (LEFs) can be exploited to improve the catalytic performance of supramolecular catalysts, such as enzymes. More specifically, this Perspective starts by laying out the fundamentals of how local electric fields affect chemical reactivity and review the computational tools available to study electric fields in various settings. Subsequently, the advances made so far in optimizing enzymatic electric fields through targeted mutations are discussed critically and concisely. The Perspective ends with an outlook on some anticipated evolutions of the field in the near future. Among others, we offer some pointers on how the recent data science/machine learning revolution, engulfing all science disciplines, could potentially provide robust and principled tools to facilitate rapid inference of electric field effects, as well as the translation between optimal electrostatic environments and corresponding chemical modifications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shakir Ali Siddiqui
- Molecular Simulation Lab, Department of Chemistry,
School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar Institution of Eminence,
Delhi NCR, India 201314
| | - Thijs Stuyver
- Ecole Nationale Supérieure de
Chimie de Paris, Université PSL, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health
Sciences, 75 005 Paris, France
| | - Sason Shaik
- Institute of Chemistry, Edmond J Safra Campus,
The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Givat Ram, Jerusalem,
9190400, Israel
| | - Kshatresh Dutta Dubey
- Molecular Simulation Lab, Department of Chemistry,
School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar Institution of Eminence,
Delhi NCR, India 201314
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li Z, Zhou Y, Zhou Y, Wang K, Yun Y, Chen S, Jiao W, Chen L, Zou B, Zhu M. Dipole field in nitrogen-enriched carbon nitride with external forces to boost the artificial photosynthesis of hydrogen peroxide. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5742. [PMID: 37717005 PMCID: PMC10505161 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41522-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Artificial photosynthesis is a promising strategy for efficient hydrogen peroxide production, but the poor directional charge transfer from bulk to active sites restricts the overall photocatalytic efficiency. To address this, a new process of dipole field-driven spontaneous polarization in nitrogen-rich triazole-based carbon nitride (C3N5) to harness photogenerated charge kinetics for hydrogen peroxide production is constructed. Here, C3N5 achieves a hydrogen peroxide photosynthesis rate of 3809.5 µmol g-1 h-1 and a 2e- transfer selectivity of 92% under simulated sunlight and ultrasonic forces. This high performance is attributed to the introduction of rich nitrogen active sites of the triazole ring in C3N5, which brings a dipole field. This dipole field induces a spontaneous polarization field to accelerate a rapid directional electron transfer process to nitrogen active sites and therefore induces Pauling-type adsorption of oxygen through an indirect 2e- transfer pathway to form hydrogen peroxide. This innovative concept using a dipole field to harness the migration and transport of photogenerated carriers provides a new route to improve photosynthesis efficiency via structural engineering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Li
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, 511443, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuanyi Zhou
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, 511443, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingtang Zhou
- Marine Science and Technology College, Zhejiang Ocean University, 316004, Zhoushan, China
| | - Kai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, China
| | - Yang Yun
- College of Environment and Resource, Research Center of Environment and Health, Shanxi University, 030006, Taiyuan, China
| | - Shanyong Chen
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, 511443, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wentao Jiao
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy Sciences, 100085, Beijing, China.
| | - Li Chen
- Department of General Practice, First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, 100853, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, 130012, Changchun, China
| | - Mingshan Zhu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, School of Environment, Jinan University, 511443, Guangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Brown S, Ahmat Ibrahim S, Robinson BR, Caiola A, Tiwari S, Wang Y, Bhattacharyya D, Che F, Hu J. Ambient Carbon-Neutral Ammonia Generation via a Cyclic Microwave Plasma Process. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:23255-23264. [PMID: 37134186 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c02508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
A novel reactor methodology was developed for chemical looping ammonia synthesis processes using microwave plasma for pre-activation of the stable dinitrogen molecule before reaching the catalyst surface. Microwave plasma-enhanced reactions benefit from higher production of activated species, modularity, quick startup, and lower voltage input than competing plasma-catalysis technologies. Simple, economical, and environmentally benign metallic iron catalysts were used in a cyclical atmospheric pressure synthesis of ammonia. Rates of up to 420.9 μmol min-1 g-1 were observed under mild nitriding conditions. Reaction studies showed that both surface-mediated and bulk-mediated reaction domains were found to exist depending on the time under plasma treatment. The associated density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicated that a higher temperature promoted more nitrogen species in the bulk of iron catalysts but the equilibrium limited the nitrogen converion to ammonia, and vice versa. Generation of vibrationally active N2 and, N2+ ions is associated with lower bulk nitridation temperatures and increased nitrogen contents versus thermal-only systems. Additionally, the kinetics of other transition metal chemical looping ammonia synthesis catalysts (Mn and CoMo) were evaluated by high-resolution time-on-stream kinetic analysis and optical plasma characterization. This study sheds new light on phenomena arising in transient nitrogen storage, kinetics, effect of plasma treatment, apparent activation energies, and rate-limiting reaction steps.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sean Brown
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Benjamin M. Statler College of Engineering and Mineral Resources, West Virginia University, 395 Evansdale Drive, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, United States
| | - Saleh Ahmat Ibrahim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Francis College of Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, One University Avenue, Lowell, Massachusetts 01854, United States
| | - Brandon R Robinson
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Benjamin M. Statler College of Engineering and Mineral Resources, West Virginia University, 395 Evansdale Drive, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, United States
| | - Ashley Caiola
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Benjamin M. Statler College of Engineering and Mineral Resources, West Virginia University, 395 Evansdale Drive, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, United States
| | - Sarojini Tiwari
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Benjamin M. Statler College of Engineering and Mineral Resources, West Virginia University, 395 Evansdale Drive, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, United States
| | - Yuxin Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Benjamin M. Statler College of Engineering and Mineral Resources, West Virginia University, 395 Evansdale Drive, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, United States
| | - Debangsu Bhattacharyya
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Benjamin M. Statler College of Engineering and Mineral Resources, West Virginia University, 395 Evansdale Drive, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, United States
| | - Fanglin Che
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Francis College of Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, One University Avenue, Lowell, Massachusetts 01854, United States
| | - Jianli Hu
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Benjamin M. Statler College of Engineering and Mineral Resources, West Virginia University, 395 Evansdale Drive, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Chen S, Wang Y, Li Q, Li K, Li M, Wang F. A DFT study of plasma-catalytic ammonia synthesis: the effect of electric fields, excess electrons and catalyst surfaces on N 2 dissociation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:3920-3929. [PMID: 36648094 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp05052h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Plasma catalytic synthesis of ammonia has the advantages of flexible on-off and environmental friendliness, making ammonia a potential vector for renewable energy storage. The synergistic interaction between plasmas and catalyst surfaces remains unclear. In this work, we develop a quantum chemical model based on density functional theory where the plasma environment is simplified. The effect of electric fields and surface electrons on N2 adsorption and dissociation is studied on the typical catalysts (Ru and Ni) with different surface morphologies. The combined effect of the electric fields and excess electrons will promote the adsorption of N2 and the weakening of the NN triple bond. It is shown that the electron distribution on the surface is optimized, and the electrostatic interaction between surface atoms and adsorbates is strengthened. The marginal effect has been observed, and the promotion effect on the catalysts with better performance in thermal-catalytic N2 dissociation is weaker.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- She Chen
- College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yulei Wang
- College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, People's Republic of China. .,State Grid Zhejiang Provincial Electric Power Co., Ltd. Taizhou Power Supply Company, 318000, Taizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Qihang Li
- College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kelin Li
- College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, People's Republic of China.
| | - Mengbo Li
- College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, People's Republic of China.
| | - Feng Wang
- College of Electrical and Information Engineering, Hunan University, 410082, Changsha, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|