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Mandal P, Panda AN. Contrasting the excited state properties of different conformers of trans- and cis-2,2'-bipyridine oligomers in the gas phase. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:2646-2656. [PMID: 38174437 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05313j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
In this article, we present conformation-dependent photophysical and excited state properties of trans- and cis- BPY oligomers. Oligomers up to tetramers for three conformers, namely, o-, m-, and p-, are constructed and optimized at the B3LYP-D3/def2-SVPD level. The photophysical and excited state properties are interpreted in terms of UV and CD spectra at the RI-ADC(2)/def2-TZVPD level. The UV spectra of oligomers of the m-conformer show high-intensity and red-shifted UV bands compared to o- and p-oligomers. The CD spectra of p-oligomers show intense CD bands compared to o- and p-oligomers in the case of trans-structures. In contrast, oligomers of each conformer of cis-structures show high-intensity CD bands. The excited states of (BPY)2 and (BPY)4 are also characterized by analysis of one-electron transition density matrix considering three descriptors: ωCT, dexc, and PRNTO. The ωCT values of dimers are in the range of 0.06-0.32, which indicates the excited states are mainly LE states, whereas, for (BPY)4, the ωCT values range from 0.17 to 0.53, indicating the possibility of partial CT in the excited states. These observations are also explained using the NTOs and e-h correlation plots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palak Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India.
| | - Aditya N Panda
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, India.
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2
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Mandal P, Panda AN. Conformational Effect on the Excitonic States of 2-Phenylpyridine Oligomers: Ab Initio Studies and Analysis. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:7898-7907. [PMID: 37703054 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c03601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we report the effect of different conformations of 2-phenylpyridine oligomers ((PhPy)n=1-5) on the excited state properties from the results obtained at the RI-ADC(2)/def2-TZVP level. Three different conformers, namely, A, B, and C, are considered for each oligomer. All the oligomers of conformer A have linear-type structures, whereas conformers B and C form helical structures at n = 5 and n = 3, respectively. The differences in the geometries of the three conformers are reflected in the UV and CD spectra. The UV spectra of conformer A show high-intensity peaks compared to the conformers B and C, for each oligomer. While the helical oligomers of conformers B and C show high-intensity CD bands, the intensities of CD bands for all of the oligomers of conformer A are weaker. Analysis of the properties of the first five excited states in (PhPy)5 is carried out using three descriptors, and the results reveal that these are partially charge transfer states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palak Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Aditya N Panda
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
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3
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Mondelo-Martell M, Brey D, Burghardt I. Quantum dynamical study of inter-chain exciton transport in a regioregular P3HT model system at finite temperature: HJ vs. H-aggregate models. J Chem Phys 2022; 157:094108. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0104729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We report on quantum dynamical simulations of inter-chain exciton transport in a model of regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene), rr-P3HT, at finite temperature, using the Multi-Layer Multi-Configuration Time-Dependent Hartree (ML-MCTDH) method for a system of up to 63 electronic states and 180 vibrational modes. A Frenkel Hamiltonian of HJ aggregate type is used, along with a reduced H-aggregate representation; electron-phonon coupling includes local high-frequency modes as well as anharmonic intermolecular modes. The latter are operative in mediating inter-chain transport, by a mechanism of transient localization type. Strikingly, this mechanism is found to be of quantum coherent character and involves non-adiabatic effects. Using periodic boundary conditions, a normal diffusion regime is identified from the exciton mean-squared displacement, apart from early-time transients. Diffusion coefficients are found to be of the order of 3 x 10-3 cm2/s, showing a non-monotonous increase with temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manel Mondelo-Martell
- Institut für Physikalische u. Theoretische Chemie, Goethe-Universitat Frankfurt am Main Institut fur Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Germany
| | | | - Irene Burghardt
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Germany
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4
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Kron KJ, Hunt JR, Dawlaty JM, Mallikarjun Sharada S. Modeling and Characterization of Exciplexes in Photoredox CO 2 Reduction: Insights from Quantum Chemistry and Fluorescence Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:2319-2329. [PMID: 35385660 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c10658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Interactions between excited-state arenes and amines can lead to the formation of structures with a distinct emission behavior. These excited-state complexes or exciplexes can reduce the ability of the arene to participate in other reactions, such as CO2 reduction, or increase the likelihood of degradation via Birch reduction. Exciplex geometries are necessary to understand photophysical behavior and probe degradation pathways but are challenging to calculate. We establish a detailed computational protocol for calculation, verification, and characterization of exciplexes. Using fluorescence spectroscopy, we first demonstrate the formation of exciplexes between excited-state oligo-(p-phenylene) (OPP), shown to successfully carry out CO2 reduction, and triethylamine. Time-dependent density functional theory is employed to optimize the geometries of these exciplexes, which are validated by comparing both emission energies and their solvatochromism with the experiment. Excited-state energy decomposition analysis confirms the predominant role played by charge transfer interactions in the red shift of emissions relative to the isolated excited-state OPP*. We find that although the exciplex emission frequency depends strongly on solvent dielectric, the extent of charge separation in an exciplex does not. Our results also suggest that the formation of solvent-separated ionic radical states upon complete electron transfer competes with exciplex formation in higher-dielectric solvents, thereby leading to reduced exciplex emission intensities in fluorescence experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kareesa J Kron
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Jonathan Ryan Hunt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Jahan M Dawlaty
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Shaama Mallikarjun Sharada
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
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5
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Mahato B, Panda AN. Effects of Heterocyclic Ring Fusion and Chain Elongation on Chiroptical Properties of Polyaza[9]helicene: A Computational Study. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:1412-1421. [PMID: 35192355 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c00432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In the present work, the effect of lateral and helical extensions on the physical and chiroptical properties of azahelicenes is reported. Starting with the experimentally reported polyaza[9]helicene (9Ha), three derivatives, two with laterally fused electron-withdrawing rings and the third with larger helical length, are designed. For the excited-state properties such as UV-vis and CD spectra, performances of different DFT functionals are evaluated by comparing the energies and characters of the excited states against the ADC(2) results. CPL properties are calculated at DFT level. Among the three designed systems, pyrazine-based 9HaP shows an improved gCPL value compared to that for parent 9Ha. However, quinoxaline-based 9HaQ is found to be the worst CPL emitter with the lowest dissymmetry factor. The helically extended derivative, 11Ha, shows good CPL results, but gCPL remains smaller than that for the parent system. The CPL results are analyzed in terms of electric dipole transition moment (EDTM) and magnetic dipole transition moment (MDTM) vectors, and angles between these two vectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bishwanath Mahato
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Aditya N Panda
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
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6
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Kesari S, Mishra BK, Panda AN. Excited states in RED/near infrared region TADF molecules: TDDFT vs ADC(2). Chem Phys Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2022.139383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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7
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Rimmele M, Nogala W, Seif-Eddine M, Roessler MM, Heeney M, Plasser F, Glöcklhofer F. Functional group introduction and aromatic unit variation in a set of π-conjugated macrocycles: revealing the central role of local and global aromaticity. Org Chem Front 2021; 8:4730-4745. [PMID: 34484800 PMCID: PMC8382046 DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00901j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
π-Conjugated macrocycles are molecules with unique properties that are increasingly exploited for applications and the question of whether they can sustain global aromatic or antiaromatic ring currents is particularly intriguing. However, there are only a small number of experimental studies that investigate how the properties of π-conjugated macrocycles evolve with systematic structural changes. Here, we present such a systematic experimental study of a set of [2.2.2.2]cyclophanetetraenes, all with formally Hückel antiaromatic ground states, and combine it with an in-depth computational analysis. The study reveals the central role of local and global aromaticity for rationalizing the observed optoelectronic properties, ranging from extremely large Stokes shifts of up to 1.6 eV to reversible fourfold reduction, a highly useful feature for charge storage/accumulation applications. A recently developed method for the visualization of chemical shielding tensors (VIST) is applied to provide unique insight into local and global ring currents occurring in different planes along the macrocycle. Conformational changes as a result of the structural variations can further explain some of the observations. The study contributes to the development of structure-property relationships and molecular design guidelines and will help to understand, rationalize, and predict the properties of other π-conjugated macrocycles. It will also assist in the design of macrocycle-based supramolecular elements with defined properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Rimmele
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London London W12 0BZ UK .,Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London London W12 0BZ UK
| | - Wojciech Nogala
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | | | - Maxie M Roessler
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London London W12 0BZ UK
| | - Martin Heeney
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London London W12 0BZ UK .,Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London London W12 0BZ UK
| | - Felix Plasser
- Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University Loughborough LE11 3TU UK
| | - Florian Glöcklhofer
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London London W12 0BZ UK .,Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London London W12 0BZ UK
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8
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Sifain AE, Lystrom L, Messerly RA, Smith JS, Nebgen B, Barros K, Tretiak S, Lubbers N, Gifford BJ. Predicting phosphorescence energies and inferring wavefunction localization with machine learning. Chem Sci 2021; 12:10207-10217. [PMID: 34447529 PMCID: PMC8336587 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc02136b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Phosphorescence is commonly utilized for applications including light-emitting diodes and photovoltaics. Machine learning (ML) approaches trained on ab initio datasets of singlet-triplet energy gaps may expedite the discovery of phosphorescent compounds with the desired emission energies. However, we show that standard ML approaches for modeling potential energy surfaces inaccurately predict singlet-triplet energy gaps due to the failure to account for spatial localities of spin transitions. To solve this, we introduce localization layers in a neural network model that weight atomic contributions to the energy gap, thereby allowing the model to isolate the most determinative chemical environments. Trained on the singlet-triplet energy gaps of organic molecules, we apply our method to an out-of-sample test set of large phosphorescent compounds and demonstrate the substantial improvement that localization layers have on predicting their phosphorescence energies. Remarkably, the inferred localization weights have a strong relationship with the ab initio spin density of the singlet-triplet transition, and thus infer localities of the molecule that determine the spin transition, despite the fact that no direct electronic information was provided during training. The use of localization layers is expected to improve the modeling of many localized, non-extensive phenomena and could be implemented in any atom-centered neural network model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew E Sifain
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM USA 87545
- Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM USA 87545
| | - Levi Lystrom
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM USA 87545
- Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM USA 87545
| | - Richard A Messerly
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM USA 87545
| | - Justin S Smith
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM USA 87545
- Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM USA 87545
| | - Benjamin Nebgen
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM USA 87545
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM USA 87545
| | - Kipton Barros
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM USA 87545
- Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM USA 87545
| | - Sergei Tretiak
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM USA 87545
- Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM USA 87545
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM USA 87545
| | - Nicholas Lubbers
- Computer, Computational, and Statistical Sciences Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM USA 87545
| | - Brendan J Gifford
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM USA 87545
- Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM USA 87545
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM USA 87545
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9
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Gon M, Tanimura K, Yaegashi M, Tanaka K, Chujo Y. PPV-type π-conjugated polymers based on hypervalent tin(IV)-fused azobenzene complexes showing near-infrared absorption and emission. Polym J 2021. [DOI: 10.1038/s41428-021-00506-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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10
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Abstract
In this article, we have examined the accuracy of various density functional theory (DFT) functionals to reproduce the absorption and CD spectra of pyridine-thiophene oligomers. The performance of different levels of approximations in DFT functionals is discussed with reference to the ADC(2) results. Starting from a linear system, like monomer, calculations are carried out at ADC(2) and DFT levels till a helical system, like pentamer, is formed. For vertical excitation energies, results obtained with functionals, like CAM-B3LYP, ωB97XD, and M06-2X, are closer to the ADC(2) results. However, analysis of excited-state properties shows that the state ordering patterns or results regarding natural transition orbitals from these DFT functionals sometimes differ from the ADC(2) results. Global hybrid functionals like B3LYP and PBE0 produce excitation energies which are far away from the ADC(2) benchmark results. Similarly, pure functionals and their long-range corrected versions produce either redshifted or blueshifted energies. For the CD spectra, the above three mentioned functionals, CAM-B3LYP, ωB97XD, and M06-2X, again produce spectra closer to the benchmark spectra.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bishwanath Mahato
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
| | - Aditya N Panda
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, India
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11
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de Sousa LE, de Paiva LSR, da Silva Filho DA, Sini G, de Oliveira Neto PH. Assessing the effects of increasing conjugation length on exciton diffusion: from small molecules to the polymeric limit. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:15635-15644. [PMID: 34268543 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp01263k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Organic solar cells (OSC) generally contain long-chain π-conjugated polymers as donor materials, but, more recently, small-molecule donors have also attracted considerable attention. The nature of these compounds is of crucial importance concerning the various processes that determine device performance, among which singlet exciton diffusion is one of the most relevant. The efficiency of the diffusion mechanism depends on several aspects, from system morphology to electronic structure properties, which vary importantly with molecular size. In this work, we investigated the effects of conjugation length on the exciton diffusion length through electronic structure calculations and an exciton diffusion model. By applying extrapolation procedures to thiophene and phenylene vinylene oligomer series, we investigate their electronic and optical properties from the small-molecule point of view to the polymeric limit. Several properties are calculated as a function of oligomer size, including transition energies, absorption and emission spectra, reorganization energies, exciton coupling and Förster radii. Finally, an exciton diffusion model is used to estimate diffusion lengths as a function of oligomer size and for the polymeric limit showing agreement with experimental data. Results also show that longer conjugation lengths correlate with longer exciton diffusion lengths in spite of also being associated with shorter exciton lifetimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Evaristo de Sousa
- Department of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical University of Denmark, Anker Engelunds Vej 301, 2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
| | | | - Demétrio Antônio da Silva Filho
- Institute of Physics, University of Brasilia, 70919-970, Brasilia, Brazil. and Laboratoire de Physicochimie des Polymères et des Interfaces, EA 2528, CY Cergy Paris Université, 5 mail Gay-Lussac, 95031, Cergy-Pontoise Cedex, France and Institute for Advanced Studies, CY Cergy Paris Université, 1 rue Descartes, 95000, Neuville-sur-Oise, France
| | - Gjergji Sini
- Laboratoire de Physicochimie des Polymères et des Interfaces, EA 2528, CY Cergy Paris Université, 5 mail Gay-Lussac, 95031, Cergy-Pontoise Cedex, France
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12
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Di Maiolo F, Brey D, Binder R, Burghardt I. Quantum dynamical simulations of intra-chain exciton diffusion in an oligo (para-phenylene vinylene) chain at finite temperature. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:184107. [PMID: 33187420 DOI: 10.1063/5.0027588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
We report on quantum dynamical simulations of exciton diffusion in an oligo(para-phenylene vinylene) chain segment with 20 repeat units (OPV-20) at finite temperature, complementary to our recent study of the same system at T = 0 K [R. Binder and I. Burghardt, J. Chem. Phys. 152, 204120 (2020)]. Accurate quantum dynamical simulations are performed using the multi-layer multi-configuration time-dependent Hartree method as applied to a site-based Hamiltonian comprising 20 electronic states of Frenkel type and 460 vibrational modes, including site-local quinoid-distortion modes along with site-correlated bond-length alternation (BLA) modes, ring torsional modes, and an explicit harmonic-oscillator bath. A first-principles parameterized Frenkel-Holstein type Hamiltonian is employed, which accounts for correlations between the ring torsional modes and the anharmonically coupled BLA coordinates located at the same junction. Thermally induced fluctuations of the torsional modes are described by a stochastic mean-field approach, and their impact on the excitonic motion is characterized in terms of the exciton mean-squared displacement. A normal diffusion regime is observed under periodic boundary conditions, apart from transient localization features. Even though the polaronic exciton species are comparatively weakly bound, exciton diffusion is found to be a coherent-rather than hopping type-process, driven by the fluctuations of the soft torsional modes. Similar to the previous observations for oligothiophenes, the evolution for the most part exhibits a near-adiabatic dynamics of local exciton ground states (LEGSs) that adjust to the local conformational dynamics. However, a second mechanism, involving resonant transitions between neighboring LEGSs, gains importance at higher temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Di Maiolo
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Dominik Brey
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Robert Binder
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Irene Burghardt
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
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13
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Hegger R, Binder R, Burghardt I. First-Principles Quantum and Quantum-Classical Simulations of Exciton Diffusion in Semiconducting Polymer Chains at Finite Temperature. J Chem Theory Comput 2020; 16:5441-5455. [PMID: 32786907 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.0c00351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
We report on first-principles quantum-dynamical and quantum-classical simulations of photoinduced exciton dynamics in oligothiophene chain segments, representative of intrachain exciton migration in the poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) polymer. Following up on our recent study (Binder R.; Burghardt, I. Faraday Discuss. 2020, 221, 406), multilayer multiconfiguration time-dependent Hartree calculations for a short oligothiophene segment comprising 20 monomer units (OT-20) are carried out to obtain full quantum-dynamical simulations at finite temperature. These are employed to benchmark mean-field Ehrenfest calculations, which are shown to give qualitatively correct results for the present system. Periodic boundary conditions turn out to significantly improve earlier estimates of diffusion coefficients. Using the Ehrenfest approach, a series of calculations are subsequently carried out for larger lattices (OT-40 to OT-80), leading to estimates for temperature-dependent mean-squared displacements, which are found to exhibit a near-linear dependence as a function of time. The resulting diffusion coefficient estimates are an increasing function of temperature, whose detailed functional form depends on the degree of static disorder. With a realistic static disorder parameter (σs ≃ 0.06 eV), the diffusion coefficients decrease from D ∼ 1 × 10-2 cm2 s-1 to D ∼ 1 × 10-3 cm2 s-1, in qualitative agreement with experimental data for P3HT. The dynamical scenario obtained from our simulations shows that exciton migration in P3HT-type chains is a largely adiabatic process throughout the temperature regime we investigated (i.e., T = 50-300 K). The resulting picture of exciton migration is a coherent, but not bandlike, motion of an exciton-polaron driven by fluctuations induced by low-frequency modes. This process acquires partial hopping character if static disorder becomes prominent and Anderson localization sets in.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rainer Hegger
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, 60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Robert Binder
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, 60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Irene Burghardt
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Strasse 7, 60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
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14
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Kron KJ, Gomez SJ, Mao Y, Cave RJ, Mallikarjun Sharada S. Computational Analysis of Electron Transfer Kinetics for CO 2 Reduction with Organic Photoredox Catalysts. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:5359-5368. [PMID: 32491858 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c03065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We present a fundamental description of the electron transfer (ET) step from substituted oligo(p-phenylene) (OPP) radical anions to CO2, with the larger goal of assessing the viability of underexplored, organic photoredox routes for utilization of anthropogenic CO2. This work varies the electrophilicity of para-substituents to OPP and probes the dependence of rate coefficients and interfragment interactions on the substituent Hammett parameter, σp, using constrained density functional theory (CDFT) and energy decomposition analysis (EDA). Large electronic couplings across substituents indicates an adiabatic electron transfer process for reactants at contact. As one might intuitively expect, free energy changes dominate trends in ET rate coefficients in most cases, and rates increase with substituent electron-donating ability. However, we observe an unexpected dip in rate coefficients for the most electron-donating groups, due to the combined impact of flattening free energies and a steep increase in reorganization energies. Our analysis shows that, with decreasing σp, flattening OPP LUMO levels lower the marginal increase in free energy. EDA reveals trends in electrostatics and charge transfer interactions between the catalyst and substrate fragments that influence free energy changes across substituents. Reorganization energies do not exhibit a direct dependence on σp and are largely similar across systems, with the exception of substituents containing lone pairs of electrons that exhibit significant deformation upon electron transfer. Our study therefore suggests that while a wide range of ET rates are observed, there is an upper limit to rate enhancements achievable by only tuning the substituent electrophilicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kareesa J Kron
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Samantha J Gomez
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States.,Bravo Medical Magnet High School, Los Angeles, California 90033, United States
| | - Yuezhi Mao
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Robert J Cave
- Department of Chemistry, Harvey Mudd College, Claremont, California 91711, United States
| | - Shaama Mallikarjun Sharada
- Mork Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States.,Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
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15
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Binder R, Bonfanti M, Lauvergnat D, Burghardt I. First-principles description of intra-chain exciton migration in an oligo(para-phenylene vinylene) chain. I. Generalized Frenkel-Holstein Hamiltonian. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:204119. [PMID: 32486686 DOI: 10.1063/5.0004510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A generalized Frenkel-Holstein Hamiltonian is constructed to describe exciton migration in oligo(para-phenylene vinylene) chains, based on excited state electronic structure data for an oligomer comprising 20 monomer units (OPV-20). Time-dependent density functional theory calculations using the ωB97XD hybrid functional are employed in conjunction with a transition density analysis to study the low-lying singlet excitations and demonstrate that these can be characterized to a good approximation as a Frenkel exciton manifold. Based on these findings, we employ the analytic mapping procedure of Binder et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 141, 014101 (2014)] to translate one-dimensional (1D) and two-dimensional (2D) potential energy surface (PES) scans to a fully anharmonic, generalized Frenkel-Holstein (FH) Hamiltonian. A 1D PES scan is carried out for intra-ring quinoid distortion modes, while 2D PES scans are performed for the anharmonically coupled inter-monomer torsional and vinylene bridge bond length alternation modes. The kinetic energy is constructed in curvilinear coordinates by an exact numerical procedure, using the TNUM Fortran code. As a result, a fully molecular-based, generalized FH Hamiltonian is obtained, which is subsequently employed for quantum exciton dynamics simulations, as shown in Paper II [R. Binder and I. Burghardt, J. Chem. Phys. 152, 204120 (2020)].
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Binder
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Matteo Bonfanti
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - David Lauvergnat
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut de Chimie Physique, UMR 8000, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Irene Burghardt
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
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16
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Binder R, Burghardt I. First-principles description of intra-chain exciton migration in an oligo(para-phenylene vinylene) chain. II. ML-MCTDH simulations of exciton dynamics at a torsional defect. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:204120. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0004511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Robert Binder
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
| | - Irene Burghardt
- Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe University, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
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17
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Siddique F, Barbatti M, Cui Z, Lischka H, Aquino AJA. Nonadiabatic Dynamics of Charge-Transfer States Using the Anthracene–Tetracyanoethylene Complex as a Prototype. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:3347-3357. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c01900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Farhan Siddique
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | | | - Zhonghua Cui
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130400, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100080, China
| | - Hans Lischka
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, United States
| | - Adelia J. A. Aquino
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
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Abstract
The advent of ever more powerful excited-state electronic structure methods has led to a tremendous increase in the predictive power of computation, but it has also rendered the analysis of these computations much more challenging and time-consuming. TheoDORE tackles this problem through providing tools for post-processing excited-state computations, which automate repetitive tasks and provide rigorous and reproducible descriptors. Interfaces are available for ten different quantum chemistry codes and a range of excited-state methods implemented therein. This article provides an overview of three popular functionalities within TheoDORE, a fragment-based analysis for assigning state character, the computation of exciton sizes for measuring charge transfer, and the natural transition orbitals used not only for visualization but also for quantifying multiconfigurational character. Using the examples of an organic push-pull chromophore and a transition metal complex, it is shown how these tools can be used for a rigorous and automated assignment of excited-state character. In the case of a conjugated polymer, we venture beyond the limits of the traditional molecular orbital picture to uncover spatial correlation effects using electron-hole correlation plots and conditional densities.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Plasser
- Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Loughborough LE11 3TU, United Kingdom
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19
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Nieman R, Aquino AJA, Lischka H. Benchmark ab initio calculations on intermolecular structures and the exciton character of poly(p-phenylenevinylene) dimers. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:044306. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5139411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Reed Nieman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, USA
| | - Adelia J. A. Aquino
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, USA
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hans Lischka
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, USA
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
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20
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Binder R, Burghardt I. First-principles quantum simulations of exciton diffusion on a minimal oligothiophene chain at finite temperature. Faraday Discuss 2020; 221:406-427. [PMID: 31596291 DOI: 10.1039/c9fd00066f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
High-dimensional multiconfigurational quantum dynamics simulations are carried out at finite temperature to simulate exciton diffusion on an oligothiophene chain, representative of a segment of the poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) polymer. The ab initio parametrized site-based Hamiltonian of Binder et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett., 2018, 120, 227401] is employed to model a 20-site system, including intra-ring and inter-ring high-frequency modes as well as torsional modes which undergo thermal fluctuations induced by an explicit harmonic oscillator bath. The system-bath dynamics is treated within the setting of a stochastic mean-field Schrödinger equation. For the 20-site excitonic system, a total of 20 Frenkel states and 248 modes are propagated using the multi-layer multi-configuration time-dependent Hartree (ML-MCTDH) method. The resulting dynamics can be interpreted in terms of the coherent motion of an exciton-polaron quasi-particle stochastically driven by torsional fluctuations. This dynamics yields a near-linear mean squared displacement (MSD) as a function of time, from which a diffusion coefficient can be deduced which increases with temperature, up to 5.7 × 10-3 cm2 s-1 at T = 300 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Binder
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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21
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Khalili G, McCosker PM, Clark T, Keller PA. Synthesis and Density Functional Theory Studies of Azirinyl and Oxiranyl Functionalized Isoindigo and (3 Z,3' Z)-3,3'-(ethane-1,2-diylidene)bis(indolin-2-one) Derivatives. Molecules 2019; 24:E3649. [PMID: 31658610 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24203649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The design and synthesis of functionalized isoindigo compounds by reaction of isoindigo with (S)-glycidyl tosylate, epibromohydrin, 2-(bromomethyl)-1-(arylsulfonyl)aziridine, and 2-(bromomethyl)-1-(alkylsulfonyl)aziridine in the presence of MeONa proceed under mild conditions in moderate yields. (3Z,3’Z)-3,3’-(Ethane-1,2-diylidene)bis(1-(oxiran-2-ylmethyl)indolin-2-one), with an extended central olefin π-conjugated moiety was also reacted with methyl-oxiranes to give the corresponding N,N’-disubstituted derivative. Calculations with DFT and TD-DFT of hypothetical isoindigo-thiophene DA molecules with various electron withdrawing substituents, including aziridine, oxirane, nitrile, carbonyl, and sulfonate, indicated that the proximity and strength of the functional group have a significant effect on the HOMO, LUMO, vertical excitation energy, and oscillator strength of the π–π* transitions.
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22
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Goswami S, Kopec S, Köppel H. Vibronic Coupling and Excitation Transfer in Hydrogen-Bonded Molecular Dimers: A Quantum Dynamical Analysis. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:5491-5503. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b04903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sugata Goswami
- Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sabine Kopec
- Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Horst Köppel
- Physikalisch-Chemisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 229, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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23
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Tukachev NV, Maslennikov DR, Sosorev AY, Tretiak S, Zhugayevych A. Ground-State Geometry and Vibrations of Polyphenylenevinylene Oligomers. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:3232-3239. [PMID: 31141372 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b01200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Conformational space of polyphenylenevinylene oligomers is systematically investigated computationally at energies relevant for room temperature dynamics in a solvent and in a solid state. Our calculations show that optimal oligomer structures are essentially planar. However, lack of a deep minimum at the planar geometry allows for large molecular deformations even at very low temperatures. At larger angles, rotational motion of dihedrals intermix with two orthogonal bending motions of the entire molecule. In a crystalline environment these degrees of freedom intermix with translational and rotational motions, whereas purely intramolecular modes are well separated. The reliability of our calculations is confirmed by an excellent match of the theoretical and experimental Raman spectra of crystalline stilbene in the entire spectral range including the low-frequency part. Obtained results provide important insights into nature of low-frequency vibrations, which play a key role in charge transport in organic semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita V Tukachev
- Center for Energy Science and Technology , Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology , Moscow 143026 , Russia
- Institute of Spectroscopy , Russian Academy of Sciences , Fizicheskaya 5, Troitsk , Moscow 108840 , Russia
| | - Dmitry R Maslennikov
- Institute of Spectroscopy , Russian Academy of Sciences , Fizicheskaya 5, Troitsk , Moscow 108840 , Russia
- Phaculty of Physics and International Laser Center , Lomonosov Moscow State University , Moscow 119991 , Russia
| | - Andrey Yu Sosorev
- Institute of Spectroscopy , Russian Academy of Sciences , Fizicheskaya 5, Troitsk , Moscow 108840 , Russia
- Phaculty of Physics and International Laser Center , Lomonosov Moscow State University , Moscow 119991 , Russia
| | - Sergei Tretiak
- Center for Energy Science and Technology , Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology , Moscow 143026 , Russia
- Theoretical Division , Los Alamos National Laboratory , Los Alamos , New Mexico 87545 , United States
| | - Andriy Zhugayevych
- Center for Energy Science and Technology , Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology , Moscow 143026 , Russia
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24
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Wang S, Bohnsack M, Megow S, Renth F, Temps F. Ultrafast excitation energy transfer in a benzimidazole-naphthopyran donor-acceptor dyad. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:2080-2092. [PMID: 30638236 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp05054f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The excited-state dynamics of a donor-acceptor dyad composed of 1-propyl-2-pyridinyl-benzimidazole (PPBI) as donor and the photochromic molecular switch diphenylnaphthopyran (DPNP) as acceptor linked via an ester bridge has been investigated by a combination of static and time-resolved spectroscopies and quantum chemical calculations. The UV absorption spectrum of the dyad is virtually identical to the sum of the spectra of its individual constituents, indicating only weak electronic coupling between the donor and acceptor in the electronic ground state. After selective photoexcitation of the PPBI chromophore in the dyad at λpump = 310 nm, however, a fast electronic energy transfer (EET) from the donor to the acceptor is observed, by which the lifetime of the normally long-lived excited state of PPBI is reduced to a few ps. Enabled by the EET, the acceptor switches from its ring-closed naphtopyran form to its ring-opened merocyanine form. The singular value decomposition-based global analyses of the measured femtosecond time-resolved transient absorption spectra of the dyad and its two building blocks as reference compounds allowed us to determine a value for the EET time constant in the dyad of τ = 2.90 ± 0.60 ps. For comparison, Förster theory predicts characteristic FRET times between 1.2 ps ≤ τ ≤ 4.2 ps, in good agreement with the experimental result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangqing Wang
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Olshausenstr. 40, 24098 Kiel, Germany.
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25
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Liang R, Cotton SJ, Binder R, Hegger R, Burghardt I, Miller WH. The symmetrical quasi-classical approach to electronically nonadiabatic dynamics applied to ultrafast exciton migration processes in semiconducting polymers. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:044101. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5037815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ruibin Liang
- Department of Chemistry and Kenneth S. Pitzer Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley,
California 94720, USA and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720,
USA
| | - Stephen J. Cotton
- Department of Chemistry and Kenneth S. Pitzer Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley,
California 94720, USA and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720,
USA
| | - Robert Binder
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438 Frankfurt/Main,
Germany
| | - Rainer Hegger
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438 Frankfurt/Main,
Germany
| | - Irene Burghardt
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438 Frankfurt/Main,
Germany
| | - William H. Miller
- Department of Chemistry and Kenneth S. Pitzer Center for Theoretical Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley,
California 94720, USA and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720,
USA
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26
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Sifain AE, Bjorgaard JA, Nelson TR, Nebgen BT, White AJ, Gifford BJ, Gao DW, Prezhdo OV, Fernandez-Alberti S, Roitberg AE, Tretiak S. Photoexcited Nonadiabatic Dynamics of Solvated Push–Pull π-Conjugated Oligomers with the NEXMD Software. J Chem Theory Comput 2018; 14:3955-3966. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.8b00103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Brendan J. Gifford
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108, United States
| | - David W. Gao
- Los Alamos High School, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544, United States
| | | | | | - Adrian E. Roitberg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
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27
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Binder R, Lauvergnat D, Burghardt I. Conformational Dynamics Guides Coherent Exciton Migration in Conjugated Polymer Materials: First-Principles Quantum Dynamical Study. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 120:227401. [PMID: 29906150 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.227401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We report on high-dimensional quantum dynamical simulations of photoinduced exciton migration in a single-chain oligothiophene segment, in view of elucidating the controversial nature of the elementary exciton transport steps in semiconducting polymers. A novel first-principles parametrized Frenkel J aggregate Hamiltonian is employed that goes significantly beyond the standard Frenkel-Holstein Hamiltonian. Departing from a nonequilibrium state created by photoexcitation, these simulations provide evidence of an ultrafast two-timescale process at low temperatures, involving exciton-polaron formation within tens of femtoseconds (fs), followed by torsional relaxation on an ∼400 fs timescale. The second step is the driving force for exciton migration, as initial conjugation breaks are removed by dynamical planarization. The quantum coherent nature of the elementary exciton migration step is consistent with experimental observations highlighting the correlated and vibrationally coherent nature of the dynamics on ultrafast timescales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Binder
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 7, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - David Lauvergnat
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique, Université Paris-Sud, UMR 8000, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Irene Burghardt
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Straße 7, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
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28
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Stojanović L, Aziz SG, Hilal RH, Plasser F, Niehaus TA, Barbatti M. Nonadiabatic Dynamics of Cycloparaphenylenes with TD-DFTB Surface Hopping. J Chem Theory Comput 2017; 13:5846-5860. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.7b01000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Saadullah G. Aziz
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah B.O.
208203, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rifaat H. Hilal
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah B.O.
208203, Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry
Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Felix Plasser
- Institute
of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas A. Niehaus
- Univ Lyon, Université
Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622 Lyon, France
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29
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Wang CI, Hsu CH, Hua CC. The correspondence between the conformational and chromophoric properties of amorphous conjugated polymers in mesoscale condensed systems. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:20818-20828. [PMID: 28744545 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp03415f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
For π-conjugated polymers, the notion of spectroscopic units or "chromophores" provides illuminating insights into the experimentally observed absorption/emission spectra and the mechanisms of energy/charge transfer. To date, however, no statistical analysis has revealed a direct correspondence between chromophoric and conformational properties-with the latter being fundamental to polymer semiconductors. Herein, we propose a "persistence length" calculation to re-evaluate chain conformation over a full conjugation length. The mesoscale condensed systems of MEH-PPV and MEH-PPV/C60 hybrid (system size ∼10 × 10 × 10 nm3) are utilized as two prototypical model systems, along with a full range of segmental lengths (2-20-mer) and five lowest singlet excited states to hint at the generality of the features presented. We demonstrate, for the first time, that two properly re-defined conformational factors that characterize chain folding and planarity, respectively, capture excellently the population distribution of chromophores in both systems investigated. In contrast, the conventional strategy of utilizing two adjacent monomer units to characterize (local) chain conformation results in only an inconspicuous correlation between the two, as previously reported. It is further shown that chain folding-and not chain planarity-is more relevant in capturing the associated oscillator strength for the first excited state, where the transient dipole moments are known to align with the chain conformation, although the corresponding excitation energy and exciton size seem relatively unaffected. The observed effects of C60 on the MEH-PPV adsorption spectra also agree with recent experimental trends. Overall, the present findings are expected to aid future multiscale computer simulations and spectroscopy-data interpretations for polymer semiconductors and their hybrid systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun I Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Chung Cheng University, Chia-Yi 62102, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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30
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Kautny P, Glöcklhofer F, Kader T, Mewes JM, Stöger B, Fröhlich J, Lumpi D, Plasser F. Charge-transfer states in triazole linked donor-acceptor materials: strong effects of chemical modification and solvation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:18055-18067. [PMID: 28671704 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp01664f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A series of 1,2,3-triazole linked donor-acceptor chromophores are prepared by Click Chemistry from ene-yne starting materials. The effects of three distinct chemical variations are investigated: enhancing the acceptor strength through oxidation of the sulphur atom, alteration of the double bond configuration, and variation of the triazole substitution pattern. A detailed photophysical characterization shows that these alterations have a negligible effect on the absorption while dramatically altering the emission wavelengths. In addition, strong solvatochromism is found leading to significant red shifts in the case of polar solvents. The experimental findings are rationalized and related to the electronic structure properties of the chromophores by time-dependent density functional theory as well as the ab initio algebraic diagrammatic construction method for the polarization propagator in connection with a new formalism allowing to model the influence of solvation onto long-lived excited states and their emission energies. These calculations highlight the varying degree of intramolecular charge transfer character present for the different molecules and show that the amount of charge transfer is strongly modulated by the conducted chemical modifications, by the solvation of the chromophores, and by the structural relaxation in the excited state. It is, furthermore, shown that enhanced charge separation, as induced by chemical modification or solvation, reduces the singlet-triplet gaps and that two of the investigated molecules possess sufficiently low gaps to be considered as candidates for thermally activated delayed fluorescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Kautny
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/163, A-1060 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Florian Glöcklhofer
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/163, A-1060 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Thomas Kader
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/163, A-1060 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Jan-Michael Mewes
- Centre for Theoretical Chemistry and Physics, The New Zealand Institute for Advanced Study (NZIAS), Massey University Albany, Private Bag 102904, Auckland 0745, New Zealand
| | - Berthold Stöger
- X-ray Center, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9, A-1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Johannes Fröhlich
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/163, A-1060 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Daniel Lumpi
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, TU Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/163, A-1060 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Felix Plasser
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Str. 17, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
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32
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Le Guennic B, Scalmani G, Frisch MJ, Laurent AD, Jacquemin D. Investigating the optical properties of BOIMPY dyes using ab initio tools. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:10554-10561. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp01190c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Using a computational approach combining Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory (TD-DFT) and second-order Coupled Cluster (CC2) approaches, we investigate the spectral properties of a large panel of BOIMPY dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Le Guennic
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes
- UMR 6226 CNRS-Université de Rennes 1
- 263 Av. du Général Leclerc
- 35042 Rennes Cedex
- France
| | | | | | - Adèle D. Laurent
- Chimie Et Interdisciplinarité
- Synthèse
- Analyse
- Modélisation (CEISAM)
- UMR CNRS no. 6230
| | - Denis Jacquemin
- Chimie Et Interdisciplinarité
- Synthèse
- Analyse
- Modélisation (CEISAM)
- UMR CNRS no. 6230
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33
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34
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Plasser
- Institute for Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstr. 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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35
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Mewes SA, Mewes JM, Dreuw A, Plasser F. Excitons in poly(para phenylene vinylene): a quantum-chemical perspective based on high-level ab initio calculations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:2548-63. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp07077e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Exciton analyses of high-level quantum-chemical computations for poly(paraphenylene vinylene) reveal the nature of the excitonic bands in PPV oligomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefanie A. Mewes
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing
- Ruprecht-Karls University
- D-69120 Heidelberg
- Germany
| | - Jan-Michael Mewes
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing
- Ruprecht-Karls University
- D-69120 Heidelberg
- Germany
| | - Andreas Dreuw
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing
- Ruprecht-Karls University
- D-69120 Heidelberg
- Germany
| | - Felix Plasser
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing
- Ruprecht-Karls University
- D-69120 Heidelberg
- Germany
- Institute for Theoretical Chemistry
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36
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Abstract
Ab initio explorations of excited-state potential-energy surfaces show that a radiationless deactivation mechanism via intramolecular excited-state proton transfer is available in neutral 8-oxo-deoxyguanosine, whereas it is not available in the anionic form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Tuna
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung
- 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr
- Germany
| | - Wolfgang Domcke
- Department of Chemistry
- Technische Universität München
- 85747 Garching
- Germany
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37
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Tuna D, Lefrancois D, Wolański Ł, Gozem S, Schapiro I, Andruniów T, Dreuw A, Olivucci M. Assessment of Approximate Coupled-Cluster and Algebraic-Diagrammatic-Construction Methods for Ground- and Excited-State Reaction Paths and the Conical-Intersection Seam of a Retinal-Chromophore Model. J Chem Theory Comput 2015; 11:5758-81. [PMID: 26642989 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.5b00022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
As a minimal model of the chromophore of rhodopsin proteins, the penta-2,4-dieniminium cation (PSB3) poses a challenging test system for the assessment of electronic-structure methods for the exploration of ground- and excited-state potential-energy surfaces, the topography of conical intersections, and the dimensionality (topology) of the branching space. Herein, we report on the performance of the approximate linear-response coupled-cluster method of second order (CC2) and the algebraic-diagrammatic-construction scheme of the polarization propagator of second and third orders (ADC(2) and ADC(3)). For the ADC(2) method, we considered both the strict and extended variants (ADC(2)-s and ADC(2)-x). For both CC2 and ADC methods, we also tested the spin-component-scaled (SCS) and spin-opposite-scaled (SOS) variants. We have explored several ground- and excited-state reaction paths, a circular path centered around the S1/S0 surface crossing, and a 2D scan of the potential-energy surfaces along the branching space. We find that the CC2 and ADC methods yield a different dimensionality of the intersection space. While the ADC methods yield a linear intersection topology, we find a conical intersection topology for the CC2 method. We present computational evidence showing that the linear-response CC2 method yields a surface crossing between the reference state and the first response state featuring characteristics that are expected for a true conical intersection. Finally, we test the performance of these methods for the approximate geometry optimization of the S1/S0 minimum-energy conical intersection and compare the geometries with available data from multireference methods. The present study provides new insight into the performance of linear-response CC2 and polarization-propagator ADC methods for molecular electronic spectroscopy and applications in computational photochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deniz Tuna
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung , 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Daniel Lefrancois
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, University of Heidelberg , 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Łukasz Wolański
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Technology , 50370 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Samer Gozem
- Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California , Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Igor Schapiro
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg & Labex NIE, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS UMR 7504 , Strasbourg 67034, France
| | - Tadeusz Andruniów
- Department of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Technology , 50370 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Andreas Dreuw
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, University of Heidelberg , 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Massimo Olivucci
- Department of Chemistry, Bowling Green State University , Bowling Green, Ohio 43402, United States.,Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Universitá de Siena , 53100 Siena, Italy
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38
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Plasser F, Thomitzni B, Bäppler SA, Wenzel J, Rehn DR, Wormit M, Dreuw A. Statistical analysis of electronic excitation processes: Spatial location, compactness, charge transfer, and electron-hole correlation. J Comput Chem 2015; 36:1609-20. [PMID: 26119286 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.23975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Revised: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 05/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
We report the development of a set of excited-state analysis tools that are based on the construction of an effective exciton wavefunction and its statistical analysis in terms of spatial multipole moments. This construction does not only enable the quantification of the spatial location and compactness of the individual hole and electron densities but also correlation phenomena can be analyzed, which makes this procedure particularly useful when excitonic or charge-resonance effects are of interest. The methods are first applied to bianthryl with a focus on elucidating charge-resonance interactions. It is shown how these derive from anticorrelations between the electron and hole quasiparticles, and it is discussed how the resulting variations in state characters affect the excited-state absorption spectrum. As a second example, cytosine is chosen. It is illustrated how the various descriptors vary for valence, Rydberg, and core-excited states, and the possibility of using this information for an automatic characterization of state characters is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Plasser
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls-University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 368, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstr. 17, 1090, Wien, Austria
| | - Benjamin Thomitzni
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls-University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 368, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefanie A Bäppler
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls-University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 368, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan Wenzel
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls-University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 368, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dirk R Rehn
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls-University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 368, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Wormit
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls-University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 368, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Dreuw
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls-University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 368, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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39
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Wang J, Huang J, Du L, Lan Z. Photoinduced Ultrafast Intramolecular Excited-State Energy Transfer in the Silylene-Bridged Biphenyl and Stilbene (SBS) System: A Nonadiabatic Dynamics Point of View. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:6937-48. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b00354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Wang
- Key
Laboratory of Bio-based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy
and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101 Shandong, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Jing Huang
- Key
Laboratory of Bio-based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy
and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101 Shandong, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Likai Du
- Key
Laboratory of Bio-based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy
and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101 Shandong, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhenggang Lan
- Key
Laboratory of Bio-based Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy
and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101 Shandong, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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40
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Laurent AD, Blondel A, Jacquemin D. Choosing an atomic basis set for TD-DFT, SOPPA, ADC(2), CIS(D), CC2 and EOM-CCSD calculations of low-lying excited states of organic dyes. Theor Chem Acc 2015; 134. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-015-1676-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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41
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Plasser F, Bäppler SA, Wormit M, Dreuw A. New tools for the systematic analysis and visualization of electronic excitations. II. Applications. J Chem Phys 2015; 141:024107. [PMID: 25027999 DOI: 10.1063/1.4885820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The excited states of a diverse set of molecules are examined using a collection of newly implemented analysis methods. These examples expose the particular power of three of these tools: (i) natural difference orbitals (the eigenvectors of the difference density matrix) for the description of orbital relaxation effects, (ii) analysis of the one-electron transition density matrix in terms of an electron-hole picture to identify charge resonance and excitonic correlation effects, and (iii) state-averaged natural transition orbitals for a compact simultaneous representation of several states. Furthermore, the utility of a wide array of additional analysis methods is highlighted. Five molecules with diverse excited state characteristics are chosen for these tasks: pyridine as a prototypical small heteroaromatic molecule, a model system of six neon atoms to study charge resonance effects, hexatriene in its neutral and radical cation forms to exemplify the cases of double excitations and spin-polarization, respectively, and a model iridium complex as a representative metal organic compound. Using these examples a number of phenomena, which are at first sight unexpected, are highlighted and their physical significance is discussed. Moreover, the generality of the conclusions of this paper is verified by a comparison of single- and multireference ab initio methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Plasser
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls-University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 368, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefanie A Bäppler
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls-University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 368, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Wormit
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls-University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 368, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Dreuw
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls-University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 368, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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42
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Abstract
A variety of density matrix based methods for the analysis and visualization of electronic excitations are discussed and their implementation within the framework of the algebraic diagrammatic construction of the polarization propagator is reported. Their mathematical expressions are given and an extensive phenomenological discussion is provided to aid the interpretation of the results. Starting from several standard procedures, e.g., population analysis, natural orbital decomposition, and density plotting, we proceed to more advanced concepts of natural transition orbitals and attachment/detachment densities. In addition, special focus is laid on information coded in the transition density matrix and its phenomenological analysis in terms of an electron-hole picture. Taking advantage of both the orbital and real space representations of the density matrices, the physical information in these analysis methods is outlined, and similarities and differences between the approaches are highlighted. Moreover, new analysis tools for excited states are introduced including state averaged natural transition orbitals, which give a compact description of a number of states simultaneously, and natural difference orbitals (defined as the eigenvectors of the difference density matrix), which reveal details about orbital relaxation effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Plasser
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls-University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 368, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Wormit
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls-University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 368, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Dreuw
- Interdisciplinary Center for Scientific Computing, Ruprecht-Karls-University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 368, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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43
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Cardozo TM, Aquino AJA, Barbatti M, Borges I, Lischka H. Absorption and fluorescence spectra of poly(p-phenylenevinylene) (PPV) oligomers: an ab initio simulation. J Phys Chem A 2014; 119:1787-95. [PMID: 25415930 PMCID: PMC4353058 DOI: 10.1021/jp508512s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The
absorption and fluorescence spectra of poly(p-phenylenevinylene)
(PPV) oligomers with up to seven repeat units
were theoretically investigated using the algebraic diagrammatic construction
method to second order, ADC(2), combined with the resolution-of-the-identity
(RI) approach. The ground and first excited state geometries of the
oligomers were fully optimized. Vertical excitation energies and oscillator
strengths of the first four transitions were computed. The vibrational
broadening of the absorption and fluorescence spectra was studied
using a semiclassical nuclear ensemble method. After correcting for
basis set and solvent effects, we achieved a balanced description
of the absorption and fluorescence spectra by means of the ADC(2)
approach. This fact is documented by the computed Stokes shift along
the PPV series, which is in good agreement with the experimental values.
The experimentally observed band width of the UV absorption and fluorescence
spectra is well reproduced by the present simulations showing that
the nuclear ensemble generated should be well suitable for consecutive
surface hopping dynamics simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago M Cardozo
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro , Avenida Athos da Silveira Ramos, 149, 21941-909 - Cidade Universitária - Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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44
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Huang J, Du L, Hu D, Lan Z. Theoretical analysis of excited states and energy transfer mechanism in conjugated dendrimers. J Comput Chem 2014; 36:151-63. [DOI: 10.1002/jcc.23778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Revised: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Qingdao 266101 Shandong People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 People's Republic of China
- The Qingdao Key Lab of Solar Energy Utilization and Energy Storage Technology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Qingdao 266101 Shandong People's Republic of China
| | - Likai Du
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Qingdao 266101 Shandong People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 People's Republic of China
- The Qingdao Key Lab of Solar Energy Utilization and Energy Storage Technology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Qingdao 266101 Shandong People's Republic of China
| | - Deping Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Qingdao 266101 Shandong People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 People's Republic of China
- The Qingdao Key Lab of Solar Energy Utilization and Energy Storage Technology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Qingdao 266101 Shandong People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenggang Lan
- Key Laboratory of Biobased Materials, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Qingdao 266101 Shandong People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 People's Republic of China
- The Qingdao Key Lab of Solar Energy Utilization and Energy Storage Technology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Qingdao 266101 Shandong People's Republic of China
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45
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Filatov M, Huix-Rotllant M. Assessment of density functional theory based ΔSCF (self-consistent field) and linear response methods for longest wavelength excited states of extended π-conjugated molecular systems. J Chem Phys 2014; 141:024112. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4887087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Filatov
- Mulliken Center for Theoretical Chemistry, Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Universität Bonn, Beringstr. 4, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Miquel Huix-Rotllant
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, D-60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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46
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Binder R, Römer S, Wahl J, Burghardt I. An analytic mapping of oligomer potential energy surfaces to an effective Frenkel model. J Chem Phys 2014; 141:014101. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4880415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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47
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48
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Li H, Nieman R, Aquino AJA, Lischka H, Tretiak S. Comparison of LC-TDDFT and ADC(2) Methods in Computations of Bright and Charge Transfer States in Stacked Oligothiophenes. J Chem Theory Comput 2014; 10:3280-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ct500072f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- Theoretical Division,
Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Reed Nieman
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, United States
| | - Adélia J. A. Aquino
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, United States
| | - Hans Lischka
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409-1061, United States
- Institute
for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstrasse
17, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sergei Tretiak
- Theoretical Division,
Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
- Center for Integrated
Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
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49
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Plasser F, Lischka H. Electronic excitation and structural relaxation of the adenine dinucleotide in gas phase and solution. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2014; 12:1440-52. [PMID: 23737069 DOI: 10.1039/c3pp50032b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The excited states and potential surfaces of the adenine dinucleotide are analyzed in gas phase and in solution using a correlated ab initio methodology in a QM/MM framework. In agreement with previous studies, a rather flat S1 surface with a number of minima of different character is found. Specifically, our results suggest that exciplexes with remarkably short intermolecular separation down to ~2.0 Å are formed. A detailed analysis shows that due to strong orbital interactions their character differs significantly from any states present in the Franck-Condon region. The lowest S1 energy minimum is a ππ* exciplex with only a small amount of charge transfer. It possesses appreciable oscillator strength with a polarization almost perpendicular to the planes of the two adenine molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Plasser
- Institute for Theoretical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währingerstr. 17, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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50
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Ma H, Qin T, Troisi A. Electronic Excited States in Amorphous MEH-PPV Polymers from Large-Scale First Principles Calculations. J Chem Theory Comput 2014; 10:1272-82. [DOI: 10.1021/ct4010799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Ma
- Key Laboratory of Mesoscopic
Chemistry of MOE, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute
of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
| | - Ting Qin
- Department of Chemistry and
Centre of Scientific Computing, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Alessandro Troisi
- Department of Chemistry and
Centre of Scientific Computing, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
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