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Tokita M. Phase Transition of Gels—A Review of Toyoich Tanaka’s Research. Gels 2022; 8:550. [PMID: 36135263 PMCID: PMC9498857 DOI: 10.3390/gels8090550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In 70’s, the extensive studies about the gel science has begun with the discovery of the volume phase transition of gel at the physics department of Massachusetts Institute of Technology. After the discovery of the volume phase transition of gel, the phenomenon was extensively studied and advanced by the discoverer, the late Professor Toyoichi Tanaka, who deceased on 20 May 2000 in the halfway of his research. In this paper, we would like to review his research to clarify his deep insight into the science of gels.
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Abstract
Water loss can be delayed by trapping it within a polymeric network, i.e. hydrogel. However, the dynamic response of natural materials has not been explained to maintain water levels relatively constant against varying environmental conditions. In this study, patterned polymeric materials formed on plant seeds are observed to provide effective water retention ability against repeated dehydration-rehydration procedures. The perpendicular line pattern (layer-by-layer stack) of the polymer films induces lateral line patterns (surface lines) by a typical wrinkling mechanism, which contributes to the characteristic water interaction. The anisotropic line patterns on the seed surface generate more hydrophilic properties over the isotropic patterns against drying-out. The matric potential (Ψm) of water through the line patterned gel matrix generally shows higher efficiency over isotropically patterned gels. Anisotropic lines (i.e., wrinkles) are one of the most abundant patterning procedures, thus they are a more advantageous function occurring in natural systems. This study sheds light on material design technologies to control water interaction in porous materials for various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungsook Ahn
- Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Sang Joon Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 37673, Korea
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Cook JP, Riley DJ. pH induced swelling of PVP microgel particles – A first order phase transition? J Colloid Interface Sci 2012; 370:67-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2011.12.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2011] [Revised: 12/20/2011] [Accepted: 12/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Khokhlov AR, Makhaeva EE, Philippova OE, Starodubtzev SG. Supramolecular structures and conformational transitions in polyelectrolyte gels. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/masy.19940870111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Nagasako T, Ogata T, Kurihara S, Nonaka T. Synthesis of thermosensitive copolymer beads containing pyridinium groups and their antibacterial activity. J Appl Polym Sci 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/app.31841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuo Hara
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan, and Chemical Resources Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta 4259, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Hidenori Ohashi
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan, and Chemical Resources Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta 4259, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Taichi Ito
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan, and Chemical Resources Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta 4259, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
| | - Takeo Yamaguchi
- Department of Chemical System Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan, and Chemical Resources Laboratory, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Nagatsuta 4259, Midori-ku, Yokohama 226-8503, Japan
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Oishi M, Nagasaki Y. Synthesis, characterization, and biomedical applications of core–shell-type stimuli-responsive nanogels – Nanogel composed of poly[2-(N,N-diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate] core and PEG tethered chains. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2007; 67:1311-29. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2007.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Oishi M, Hayashi H, Uno T, Ishii T, Iijima M, Nagasaki Y. One-Pot Synthesis of pH-Responsive PEGylated Nanogels Containing Gold Nanoparticles by Autoreduction of Chloroaurate Ions within Nanoreactors. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.200700094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Yan F, Asher S. Cation identity dependence of crown ether photonic crystal Pb2+ sensing. Anal Bioanal Chem 2007; 387:2121-30. [PMID: 17333156 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-006-1088-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2006] [Revised: 12/06/2006] [Accepted: 12/08/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
We quantitatively modeled the volume phase transition of a hydrogel containing a crystalline colloidal array with a crown ether ligand which binds Pb2+. The hydrogel volume response and the wavelength diffracted depend on the Pb2+ concentration and on both the ionic strength and the valence of the nonbinding ionic species. We successfully modeled the response of this hydrogel Pb2+ sensor to ionic strength and the cation valence of the added salts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangyong Yan
- Department of Chemistry, Chevron Science Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA
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Liu G, Yang X, Wang Y. Preparation of monodisperse hydrophilic polymer microspheres withN,N′-methylenediacrylamide as crosslinker by distillation precipitation polymerization. POLYM INT 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.2223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Sannino A, Madaghiele M, Lionetto MG, Schettino T, Maffezzoli A. A cellulose-based hydrogel as a potential bulking agent for hypocaloric diets: Anin vitro biocompatibility study on rat intestine. J Appl Polym Sci 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/app.24468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Philippova OE, Akitaya T, Mullagaliev IR, Khokhlov AR, Yoshikawa K. Salt-Controlled Intrachain/Interchain Segregation in DNA Complexed with Polycation of Natural Origin. Macromolecules 2005. [DOI: 10.1021/ma051088+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Sannino A, Pappadà S, Madaghiele M, Maffezzoli A, Ambrosio L, Nicolais L. Crosslinking of cellulose derivatives and hyaluronic acid with water-soluble carbodiimide. POLYMER 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2005.10.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Ilavský M. Effect of phase transition on swelling and mechanical behavior of synthetic hydrogels. In: Dušek K, editor. Responsive Gels: Volume Transitions I. Berlin: Springer Berlin Heidelberg; 1993. pp. 173-206. [DOI: 10.1007/3-540-56791-7_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Tian
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269; Polymer Program, Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269; and Chemistry Department, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269
| | - Thomas A. P. Seery
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269; Polymer Program, Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269; and Chemistry Department, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269
| | - R. A. Weiss
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269; Polymer Program, Institute of Materials Science, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269; and Chemistry Department, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisato Hayashi
- Department of Material Science & Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda-shi, Chiba 278-8510, Japan; Department of Materials Chemistry and Bioengineering, Oyama National College of Technology, 771 Nakakuki, Oyama, Tochigi 323-0806, Japan; and Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Michihiro Iijima
- Department of Material Science & Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda-shi, Chiba 278-8510, Japan; Department of Materials Chemistry and Bioengineering, Oyama National College of Technology, 771 Nakakuki, Oyama, Tochigi 323-0806, Japan; and Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Kazunori Kataoka
- Department of Material Science & Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda-shi, Chiba 278-8510, Japan; Department of Materials Chemistry and Bioengineering, Oyama National College of Technology, 771 Nakakuki, Oyama, Tochigi 323-0806, Japan; and Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Yukio Nagasaki
- Department of Material Science & Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda-shi, Chiba 278-8510, Japan; Department of Materials Chemistry and Bioengineering, Oyama National College of Technology, 771 Nakakuki, Oyama, Tochigi 323-0806, Japan; and Department of Materials Science, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
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Sannino A, Madaghiele M, Conversano F, Mele G, Maffezzoli A, Netti PA, Ambrosio L, Nicolais L. Cellulose Derivative−Hyaluronic Acid-Based Microporous Hydrogels Cross-Linked through Divinyl Sulfone (DVS) To Modulate Equilibrium Sorption Capacity and Network Stability. Biomacromolecules 2003; 5:92-6. [PMID: 14715013 DOI: 10.1021/bm0341881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this work is to obtain a chemically cross-linked hydrogel from hyaluronic acid and cellulose derivatives that exhibits sensitivity to variation of the composition of the external absorbing medium and an equilibrium sorption capacity higher than a common hyaluronic acid-based hydrogel, in view of its potential use in prevention of postsurgical soft tissue adhesion. This has been achieved by chemical stabilization of hyaluronic acid (HA) and cellulose derivatives, hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC) and carboxymethylcellulose (CMCNa) through the difunctional cross-linker divinyl sulfone. Significant increase in sorption capacity, both in water and in water solutions at different ionic strength, has been observed for these samples in comparison with hydrogels obtained through chemical stabilization of hyaluronic acid. Moreover, different dehydration procedures adopted for the xerogel synthesis have been used, which resulted in a modulation of the equilibrium sorption capacity. Hyaluronic acid stability has been confirmed by means of NMR analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sannino
- Department of Innovation Engineering, University of Lecce, via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
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Sannino A, Esposito A, De Rosa A, Cozzolino A, Ambrosio L, Nicolais L. Biomedical application of a superabsorbent hydrogel for body water elimination in the treatment of edemas. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003; 67:1016-24. [PMID: 14613252 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.10149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A novel system of body water elimination to be used for the treatment of edemas, based on superabsorbent cellulose derivatives able to absorb large amounts of water and water solutions, has been investigated. Hydrogels have been synthesized starting from water solutions of carboxymethylcellulose sodium salt and hydroxyethylcellulose, chemically crosslinked with divinylsulphone. Polyelectrolyte hydrogels displayed high sensitivity in sorption capacity to variations of the ionic strength and pH of the external solution, which is a key parameter for the application under investigation. Further, swelling properties have been modulated acting on the degree of crosslinking of the macromolecular network, and a direct method for the measurement of this parameter based on NMR solid-state analysis has been provided. The hydrogel biocompatibility has been studied in terms of its capacity either to induce nitric oxide and lactate dehydrogenase release by macrophages or influence their viability. The eventual release of toxic substances from the hydrogel was also investigated using Swiss 3T3 fibroblasts. The results obtained from the biocompatibility studies carried out in this work are consistent with the hypothesis that this gel may represent an alternative to diuretic therapies in those pathologic conditions in which edemas occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sannino
- Department of Innovation Engineering, University of Lecce, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy
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Gan L, Roshan Deen G, Gan Y, Tam K. Water sorption studies of new pH-responsive N-acryloyl-N′-methyl piperazine and methyl methacrylate hydrogels. Eur Polym J 2001; 37:1473-8. [DOI: 10.1016/s0014-3057(00)00250-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Nisha CK, Dhara D, Chatterji PR. SUPERABSORBENCY AND VOLUME PHASE TRANSITION IN CROSSLINKED POLY[[3-(METHACRYLOYLAMINO)PROPYL]-TRIMETHYLAMMONIUM CHLORIDE] HYDROGELS†. Journal of Macromolecular Science, Part A 2000. [DOI: 10.1081/ma-100101164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Kudaibergenov SE. Recent Advances in the Study of Synthetic Polyampholytes in Solutions. Polymer Latexes - Epoxide Resins - Polyampholytes 1999. [DOI: 10.1007/3-540-68384-4_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Sokolov
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street, 28 Moscow, Russia 117813
| | - Fengji Yeh
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street, 28 Moscow, Russia 117813
| | - Alexei Khokhlov
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street, 28 Moscow, Russia 117813
| | - Valery Ya. Grinberg
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street, 28 Moscow, Russia 117813
| | - Benjamin Chu
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov Street, 28 Moscow, Russia 117813
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Travas-Sejdic J, Easteal A. Swelling equilibria and volume phase transition of polyelectrolyte gel with strongly dissociated groups. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0966-7822(97)00019-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Zhou S, Chu B. Synthesis and Volume Phase Transition of Poly(methacrylic acid-co-N-isopropylacrylamide) Microgel Particles in Water. J Phys Chem B 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/jp972990p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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He X, Takahara A, Kajiyama T. Effect of solvent on aggregation structure and responsive properties of copolymeric gel with side chain crystals. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0966-7822(96)00028-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Hariharan D, Peppas NA. Characterization, dynamic swelling behaviour and solute transport in cationic networks with applications to the development of swelling-controlled release systems. POLYMER 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0032-3861(96)81610-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Siegel RA. Hydrophobic weak polyelectrolyte gels: Studies of swelling equilibria and kinetics. Responsive Gels: Volume Transitions I 1993. [DOI: 10.1007/3-540-56791-7_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Carpita NC, Gibeaut DM. Structural models of primary cell walls in flowering plants: consistency of molecular structure with the physical properties of the walls during growth. Plant J 1993; 3:1-30. [PMID: 8401598 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-313x.1993.tb00007.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1756] [Impact Index Per Article: 56.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Advances in determination of polymer structure and in preservation of structure for electron microscopy provide the best view to date of how polysaccharides and structural proteins are organized into plant cell walls. The walls that form and partition dividing cells are modified chemically and structurally from the walls expanding to provide a cell with its functional form. In grasses, the chemical structure of the wall differs from that of all other flowering plant species that have been examined. Nevertheless, both types of wall must conform to the same physical laws. Cell expansion occurs via strictly regulated reorientation of each of the wall's components that first permits the wall to stretch in specific directions and then lock into final shape. This review integrates information on the chemical structure of individual polymers with data obtained from new techniques used to probe the arrangement of the polymers within the walls of individual cells. We provide structural models of two distinct types of walls in flowering plants consistent with the physical properties of the wall and its components.
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Affiliation(s)
- N C Carpita
- Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907
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Khokhlov AR, Starodubtzev SG, Vasilevskaya VV. Conformational transitions in polymer gels: Theory and experiment. Responsive Gels: Volume Transitions I 1993. [DOI: 10.1007/3-540-56791-7_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Shibayama M, Tanaka T, Han CC. Small‐angle neutron scattering study on weakly charged temperature sensitive polymer gels. J Chem Phys 1992. [DOI: 10.1063/1.463637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 180] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Tamada M, Yoshida M, Asano M, Omichi H, Kakakai R, Spohr R, Vetter J. Thermo-response of ion track pores in copolymer films of methacryloyl-l-alanine methyl ester and diethyleneglycol-bis-allylcarbonate. POLYMER 1992; 33:3169-72. [DOI: 10.1016/0032-3861(92)90230-t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Ilavsk� M, Bouchal K, Hrouz J. Phase transition in swollen gels: 15. The effect of the amide group in the side chain with a positive charge on the collapse of poly(acrylamide) networks. Polym Bull (Berl) 1990; 24:619-25. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00300158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Beltran S, Hooper HH, Blanch HW, Prausnitz JM. Swelling equilibria for ionized temperature‐sensitive gels in water and in aqueous salt solutions. J Chem Phys 1990. [DOI: 10.1063/1.458039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sagrario Beltran
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of California and Materials and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Herbert H. Hooper
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of California and Materials and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - Harvey W. Blanch
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of California and Materials and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720
| | - John M. Prausnitz
- Chemical Engineering Department, University of California and Materials and Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720
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Affiliation(s)
- Shozaburo Saito
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Engineering, Tohoku University
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Tanaka T, Sun S, Hirokawa Y, Katayama S, Kucera J, Hirose Y, Amiya T. Mechanical instability of gels at the phase transition. Nature 1987; 325:796-8. [DOI: 10.1038/325796a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 481] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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