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Koval'skaya A, Gil'mutdinov A, Lobov A, Tsypyshev D, Vakhitov V, Tsypysheva I, Dokichev V, Vakhitova Y. Synthesis and cytotoxic activity of some (+)-salsolidine derivatives. Nat Prod Res 2023:1-6. [PMID: 37874662 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2273924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
On the basis of typical for secondary amino group reactions a number of derivatives of alkaloid (+)-salsolidine was synthesised. Cytotoxic properties of obtained compounds towards the HEK293, A549, MCF-7 and SH-SY5Y cell lines have been evaluated. As a result of the screening, the hit compound - 2-(chloroacetyl)-6,7-dimethoxy-1-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (11) was identified, that inhibited the metabolic activity of A-549, MCF-7 and SH-SY5Y tumour cell lines with the IC50 values of 3.83 ± 0.78 µM, 5.84 ± 1.62 µM and 2.89 ± 0,92 µM correspondingly. Based on the effect of 11 on the cell cycle progression and the molecular docking data, it was preliminary assumed that the cytotoxic activity of the 11 can be realised through its interaction with the active site of the cyclin-dependent kinase CDK9 (PDB code 3BLR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alena Koval'skaya
- Ufa Institute of Chemistry of the Ufa Federal Research Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russian Federation
| | - Arthur Gil'mutdinov
- Ufa Institute of Chemistry of the Ufa Federal Research Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander Lobov
- Ufa Institute of Chemistry of the Ufa Federal Research Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russian Federation
| | - Dmitry Tsypyshev
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Vener Vakhitov
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics of the Ufa Federal Research Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russian Federation
| | - Inna Tsypysheva
- Ufa Institute of Chemistry of the Ufa Federal Research Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir Dokichev
- Ufa Institute of Chemistry of the Ufa Federal Research Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russian Federation
| | - Yulia Vakhitova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics of the Ufa Federal Research Center of Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russian Federation
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Zhu J, Liu Y, Liu Z, Wang H, Zhang H. Bioactive Nitrogenous Secondary Metabolites from the Marine Sponge Genus Haliclona. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:E682. [PMID: 31816961 DOI: 10.3390/md17120682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine sponge genus Haliclona, one of the most prolific sources of natural products, contains over 600 species but only a small part of them had been classified and chemically investigated. On the basis of extensive literature search, this review firstly summarizes 112 nitrogenous secondary metabolites from classified and unclassified Haliclona sponges as well as from their symbiotic microorganisms. Most of these substances have only been found in Haliclona sponges, and display diverse bioactive properties with potential applications in new drug discovery.
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Wang J, Cai P, He Y, Liu Y, Zhong L, Ding S, Shang Y. Tuneable access to isoquinolines via a transition-metal-free C(sp3)–C(sp3) bond cleavage rearrangement reaction. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo00427k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel divergent synthesis of multi-substituted isoquinolines via C(sp3)–C(sp3) bond cleavage rearrangement reactions was realized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids
- Ministry of Education
- Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
| | - Panyuan Cai
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids
- Ministry of Education
- Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
| | - Yimiao He
- College of Chemistry and Materials
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics
- Nanning Normal University
- Nanning 530001
- P. R. China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids
- Ministry of Education
- Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
| | - Ling Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids
- Ministry of Education
- Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
| | - Shumin Ding
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids
- Ministry of Education
- Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
| | - Yongjia Shang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids
- Ministry of Education
- Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science
- Anhui Normal University
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Zheng B, Trieu TH, Li FL, Zhu XL, He YG, Fan QQ, Shi XX. Copper-Catalyzed Benign and Efficient Oxidation of Tetrahydroisoquinolines and Dihydroisoquinolines Using Air as a Clean Oxidant. ACS Omega 2018; 3:8243-8252. [PMID: 31458961 PMCID: PMC6644811 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b00855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A green chemical method for mild oxidation of 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinolines (THIQs) and 3,4-dihydroisoquinolines (DHIQs) has been developed using air (O2) as a clean oxidant. DHIQs and THIQs could be efficiently oxidized to isoquinolines in dimethyl sulfoxide at 25 °C under an open air atmosphere with CuBr2 (20 mol %) as the catalyst; different bases [NaOEt and/or 1,8-diazabicyclo[5,4,0]undec-7-ene] were used for the reaction according to the patterns of substituents (R1, R2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zheng
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, and Department of
Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei-Long Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Tien Ha Trieu
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, and Department of
Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei-Long Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Feng-Lei Li
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, and Department of
Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei-Long Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Xing-Liang Zhu
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, and Department of
Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei-Long Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Yun-Gang He
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, and Department of
Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei-Long Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Qi-Qi Fan
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, and Department of
Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei-Long Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Xin Shi
- Shanghai
Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, and Department of
Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Mei-Long Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
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Al-Massarani SM, El-Gamal AA, Al-Said MS, Abdel-Kader MS, Ashour AE, Kumar A, Abdel-Mageed WM, Al-Rehaily AJ, Ghabbour HA, Fun HK. Studies on the Red Sea Sponge Haliclona sp. for its Chemical and Cytotoxic Properties. Pharmacogn Mag 2016; 12:114-9. [PMID: 27076747 PMCID: PMC4809165 DOI: 10.4103/0973-1296.177906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A great number of novel compounds with rich chemical diversity and significant bioactivity have been reported from Red Sea sponges. OBJECTIVE To isolate, identify, and evaluate the cytotoxic activity of the chemical constituents of a sponge belonging to genus Haliclona collected from the Eastern coast of the Red Sea. MATERIALS AND METHODS The total ethanolic extract of the titled sponge was subjected to intensive chromatographic fractionation and purification guided by cytotoxic bioassay toward various cancer cell lines. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated using spectroscopic techniques including one-dimension and two-dimension nuclear magnetic resonance, mass spectrometry, ultraviolet, and infrared data, as well as comparison with the reported spectral data for the known compounds. X-ray single-crystal structure determination was performed to determine the absolute configuration of compound 4. The screening of antiproliferative activity of the compounds was carried on three tumor cell lines, namely the human cervical cancer (HeLa), human hepatocellular carcinoma (HepG2), and human medulloblastoma (Daoy) cells using MTT assay. RESULTS This investigation resulted in the isolation of a new indole alkaloid, 1-(1H-indol-3-yloxy) propan-2-ol (1), with the previously synthesized pyrrolidine alkaloid, (2R, 3S, 4R, 5R) pyrrolidine-(1-hydroxyethyl)-3,4-diol hydrochloride (4), isolated here from a natural source for the first time. In addition, six known compounds tetillapyrone (2), nortetillapyrone (3), 2-methyl maleimide-5-oxime (5), maleimide-5-oxime (6), 5-(hydroxymethyl) dihydrofuran-2 (3H)-one (7), and ergosta-5,24 (28)-dien-3-ol (8) were also identified. Most of the isolated compounds exhibited weak cytotoxic activity against HepG-2, Daoy, and HeLa cancer cell lines. CONCLUSION This is the first report of the occurrence of the indole and pyrrolidine alkaloids, 1-(1H-indol-2-yloxy) propan-2-ol (1), and the - (1-hydroxyethyl)-3,4-diol hydrochloride (4), in the Red Sea Haliclona sp. SUMMARY From the Red Sea Haliclona sp. two alkaloids with indole and pyrrolidine nuclei, 1-(1H-indol-2-yloxy) propan-2-ol-(1) and pyrrolidine-(1-hydroxyethyl)-3,4-diol hydrochloride (4) were isolated and fully characterized; in addition to six known compounds (2, 3, 5-8)The absolute configuration and the three-dimension stereo-molecular structure of compound 4 were determined by X-ray crystallographyThe different extracts and isolated compounds showed weak cytotoxic activity against HepG-2, Daoy, and HeLa cancer cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaza Mohamed Al-Massarani
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Ali El-Gamal
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, El-Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Mansour Sulaiman Al-Said
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maged S Abdel-Kader
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21215, Egypt
| | - Abdelkader E Ashour
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Vitiligo Research Chair, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wael M Abdel-Mageed
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University 71526, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Adnan Jathlan Al-Rehaily
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hazem A Ghabbour
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hoong-Kun Fun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Saidov AS, Turgunov KK, Tashkhodzhaev B, Levkovich MG, Vinogradova VI. Synthesis of 6,7-Dimethoxy-1,3,4,8b-Tetrahydroazirino [2,1-a]Isoquinoline-N-Borane and bis-(6,7-Dimethoxy-1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline)-1,1′-Ene. Chem Nat Compd 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-014-1108-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Chen J, Liu B, Chen Y, He Q, Yang C. Copper(ii)-catalyzed cascade approach for the synthesis of pyrrolo[2,1-f][1,2,4]triazine-fused isoquinolines. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra47324d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
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Saito N, Suwanborirux K, Kimura S, Pangkruang W, Yokoya M, Honda A, Puthongking P. Isolation, Structure Characterization, and Synthesis of Stabilized 1,2,3,4-Tetrahydroisoquinoline Marine Natural Product from Potassium Cyanide Pretreated Thai Tunicate, Ecteinascidia thurstoni. HETEROCYCLES 2014. [DOI: 10.3987/com-13-s(s)32] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Kuo CY, Wu MJ. A Novel Synthesis of 5,6-Dihydroindazolo[3,2-a
]isoquinolines and Their Relative Compounds via Tin(II) Chloride Dihydrate as Reducing Agent. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.200500135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Tatsukawa M, Punzalan LLC, Magpantay HD, Villaseñor IM, Concepcion GP, Suwanborirux K, Yokoya M, Saito N. Chemistry of renieramycins. Part 13: Isolation and structure of stabilized renieramycin type derivatives, renieramycins W–Y, from Philippine blue sponge Xestospongia sp., pretreated with potassium cyanide. Tetrahedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2012.06.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Gupta J, Misra S, Mishra SK, Srivastava S, Srivastava MN, Lakshmi V, Misra-Bhattacharya S. Antifilarial activity of marine sponge Haliclona oculata against experimental Brugia malayi infection. Exp Parasitol 2012; 130:449-55. [PMID: 22306280 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2012.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2011] [Revised: 12/02/2011] [Accepted: 01/10/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The present study incorporates the findings on in vitro and in vivo antifilarial activity in the marine sponge, Haliclona oculata using an experimental rodent infection of human lymphatic filarial parasite, Brugia malayi. The in vitro antifilarial action was determined on both adult female worms as well as microfilariae using two parameters viz. adverse effect on motility and inhibition in MTT reduction by the treated adult parasite over control worm. The antifilarial activity could be located in the methanol extract and one of its four fractions (chloroform). Bioactivity guided fractionation of chloroform fraction led to localization of in vitro activity in one of its eight chromatographic fractions. Methanol extract, chloroform fraction and one of the chromatographic fractions revealed IC(50) values of 5.00, 1.80, and 1.62μg/ml, respectively when adult B. malayi were exposed to these test samples for 72h at 37°C. Under similar exposure conditions, the IC(50) values for microfilariae were 1.88, 1.72 and 1.19μg/ml, respectively. The active test samples were found to be safe revealing >10 selectivity indices (SI) on the basis of cytotoxicity to Vero cells (monkey kidney cells) and therefore selected for in vivo evaluation against primary (adult B. malayi intraperitoneal transplanted jird) and secondary (subcutaneous infective larvae induced mastomys) screens. In primary jird model, the three test samples at 100mg/kg for five consecutive days by subcutaneous route demonstrated significant macrofilaricidal efficacy to the tune of 51.3%, 64% and 70.7% by methanol extract, chloroform and chromatographic fraction, respectively. The three samples demonstrated 45-50% macrofilaricidal activity with moderate embryostatic effect in secondary model at 5×500, 5×250 and 5×125mg/kg by oral route. Chromatographic fraction possessing highest antifilarial action was primarily found to be a mixture of four alkaloids Mimosamycin, Xestospongin-C, Xestospongin-D and Araguspongin-C in addition to few minor compounds.
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Dong J, Shi XX, Yan JJ, Xing J, Zhang Q, Xiao S. Efficient and Practical One-Pot Conversions of N-Tosyltetrahydroisoquinolines into Isoquinolines and of N-Tosyltetrahydro-β-carbolines into β-Carbolines through Tandem β-Elimination and Aromatization. European J Org Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201001153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Kuo CY, Wu MJ, Lin CC. Synthesis and antitumor activity of cis-dichloridoplatinum(II) complexes of 1,1′-biisoquinolines. Eur J Med Chem 2010; 45:55-62. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2009.09.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2009] [Revised: 07/27/2009] [Accepted: 09/10/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Kisil VM, Potikha LM, Turov AV, Kovtunenko VA. Condensed isoquinolines 28*. Synthesis and properties of 10a,15b-diazadibenzo[a,e]-pleiaden-11-ones. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-008-0025-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Sung PJ, Chen WC, Chen YP, Li JJ, Fang LS, Sheu JH. Occurrence of isoquinoline quinones in the sponge Halichondria sp. (Halichondriidae). BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2005.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Abstract
This review covers the literature published in 2004 for marine natural products, with 693 citations (491 for the period January to December 2004) referring to compounds isolated from marine microorganisms and phytoplankton, green algae, brown algae, red algae, sponges, coelenterates, bryozoans, molluscs, tunicates and echinoderms. The emphasis is on new compounds (716 for 2004), together with their relevant biological activities, source organisms and country of origin. Biosynthetic studies (8), and syntheses (80), including those that lead to the revision of structures or stereochemistries, have been included.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Blunt
- Department of Chemistry, University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand.
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Saito N, Tanaka C, Koizumi YI, Suwanborirux K, Amnuoypol S, Pummangura S, Kubo A. Chemistry of renieramycins. Part 6: Transformation of renieramycin M into jorumycin and renieramycin J including oxidative degradation products, mimosamycin, renierone, and renierol acetate. Tetrahedron 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2004.02.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Saito N, Tanaka C, Satomi T, Oyama C, Kubo A. Chemistry of Renieramycins. Part 4. Synthesis of a Simple Natural Marine Product, 6-Hydroxy-7-methoxyisoquinolinemethanol. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2004; 52:282-6. [PMID: 14758020 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.52.282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
6-Hydroxy-7-methoxyisoquinolinemethanol (15) and mimosamycin (1) were recently isolated from a marine sponge, Haliclona sp. The former was prepared in ten steps from vanillin (22) in 26% overall yield using an isopropyl for phenol protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Saito
- Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Tokyo, Japan.
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