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Ghattassi K, Farjallah MA, Graja A, Romdhani M, Boudhina N, Guimard A, Driss T, Souissi N, Chtourou H, Hammouda O. Nocturnal Melatonin Ingestion Improves Soccer Players' Short-Term Maximal Performances on the Following Day. Res Q Exerc Sport 2024:1-8. [PMID: 38329497 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2024.2303457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Purpose: Exogenous melatonin has been proven to have beneficial effects on sleep. A good sleep quality promotes recovery and improves physical performance. In this sense, the present study aimed to explore the potential effect of nocturnal melatonin ingestion on psycho-cognitive and short-term maximal performances, in the following morning. Method: Twelve professional soccer players (22.9 ± 1.3 years, 1.80 ± 0.05 m, and 72.0 ± 8.8 kg) volunteered to perform two separate testing sessions after either nocturnal melatonin or placebo ingestion. The next morning, participants performed the following psycho-cognitive and physical tests: Hooper's index, reaction time, vigilance, handgrip strength (HG), squat jump (SJ), modified agility T-test (MAT) and Wingate anaerobic test (WanT). Rating of perceived exertion (RPE) and blood lactate [La] were recorded, respectively, immediately and 3 min after the WanT. Blood glucose [GL] was measured before and 3 min after WanT. Results: Compared with placebo, melatonin improved subjective sleep quality, short-term maximal performances (HG and SJ), reaction-time, as well as peak and mean WanT powers and decreased fatigue index and RPE scores. However, [La] and [GL] were not affected by melatonin ingestion. Conclusion: Nocturnal melatonin intake before sleep has beneficial effects on cognitive and physical performances the following day.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Alexandre Guimard
- Université Sorbonne Paris Nord
- Université d'Orléans CIAMS
- Université Paris-Saclay CIAMS
- SAPRéM, Université d'Orléans
| | | | | | | | - Omar Hammouda
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Sfax
- Paris Nanterre University
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Drummond FR, Drummond LR, Campos HO, Fernandes JGRP, da Costa Monteiro M, Lara HFG, de Almeida Mafra TC, Lavorato VN, Pereira AB, Leite LHR, Poletini MDO, Coimbra CC. Is melatonin as an ergogenic hormone a myth? a systematic review and meta-analysis. Endocrine 2024; 83:302-321. [PMID: 37658244 DOI: 10.1007/s12020-023-03498-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Melatonin supplementation has been disclosed as an ergogenic substance. However, the effectiveness of melatonin supplementation in healthy subjects has not been systematically investigated. The present study analyzed the effects of melatonin supplementation on physical performance and recovery. In addition, it was investigated whether exercise bout or training alter melatonin secretion in athletes and exercise practitioners. METHODS This systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted and reported according to the guidelines outlined in the PRISMA statement. Based on the search and inclusion criteria, 21 studies were included in the systematic review, and 19 were included in the meta-analysis. RESULTS Melatonin supplementation did not affect aerobic performance relative to time trial (-0.04; 95% CI: -0.51 to 0.44) and relative to VO2 (0.00; 95% CI: -0.57 to 0.57). Also, melatonin supplementation did not affect strength performance (0.19; 95% CI: -0.28 to 0.65). Only Glutathione Peroxidase (GPx) secretion increased after melatonin supplementation (1.40; 95% CI: 0.29 to 2.51). Post-exercise melatonin secretion was not changed immediately after an exercise session (0.56; 95% CI: -0.29 to 1.41) and 60 min after exercise (0.56; 95% CI: -0.29 to 1.41). CONCLUSION The data indicate that melatonin is not an ergogenic hormone. In contrast, melatonin supplementation improves post-exercise recovery, even without altering its secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipe Rios Drummond
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Metabolismo, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Lucas Rios Drummond
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Metabolismo, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
- Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais - Unidade Divinópolis, Divinópolis, MG, Brasil
| | - Helton Oliveira Campos
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Metabolismo, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade do Estado de Minas Gerais - Unidade Carangola, Carangola, MG, Brasil
| | - João Guilhermo Rios Pimenta Fernandes
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Metabolismo, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Mateus da Costa Monteiro
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Metabolismo, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Henrique Fernandes Gerspacher Lara
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Metabolismo, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Tito Cardoso de Almeida Mafra
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Metabolismo, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Victor Neiva Lavorato
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Metabolismo, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - André Bahia Pereira
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Metabolismo, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Laura Hora Rios Leite
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brasil
| | - Maristela de Oliveira Poletini
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Metabolismo, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil
| | - Cândido Celso Coimbra
- Laboratório de Endocrinologia e Metabolismo, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.
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Farjallah MA, Graja A, Ghattassi K, Ben Mahmoud L, Elleuch H, Ayadi F, Driss T, Jammoussi K, Sahnoun Z, Souissi N, Hammouda O. Melatonin Ingestion Prevents Liver Damage and Improves Biomarkers of Renal Function Following a Maximal Exercise. Res Q Exerc Sport 2023; 94:869-879. [PMID: 35575746 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2022.2068792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Background: While the promotion of the beneficial effects of melatonin (MEL) ingestion on the modulation of oxidative stress is widespread, less attention is given to the biological influence that it could exert on the results of hematology and clinical chemistry parameters. This study was undertaken to assess the effects of acute MEL ingestion on these parameters during a maximal running exercise. Methods: In double blind randomized design, 12 professional soccer players [age: 17.54 ± 0.78 yrs, body mass: 70.31 ± 3.86 kg, body height: 1.8 ± 0.08 m; maximal aerobic speed (MAS): 16.85 ± 0.63 km/h; mean ± standard deviation], all males, performed a diurnal (17:00 h ± 30 h) running exercise test (RET) at 100% of their MAS following either MEL or placebo ingestion. Blood samples were obtained at rest and following the RET. Results: Compared to placebo, MEL intake decreased post-exercise biomarkers of liver damage (aspartate aminotransferase, p<0.001; alanine aminotransferase, p<0.001; gamma-glutamyltransferase; p<0.05) and improved post-exercise renal function markers (i.e., creatinine, p<0.001). However, lipid profile, glucose, lactate and leukocyte were not affected by MEL ingestion. Regarding the time to exhaustion, no difference was found between MEL (362.46 ± 42.06 s) and PLA (374.54 ± 57.97 s) conditions. Conclusion: The results of this investigation clearly attest that MEL ingestion before a maximal running exercise might protect athletes from liver damage and perturbation in renal function biomarkers. However, this study comprises an acute MEL supplementation and no assessment on chronic effects or circadian rhythm the day before was done.
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Faria VS, Manchado-Gobatto FB, Scariot PPM, Zagatto AM, Beck WR. Melatonin Potentiates Exercise-Induced Increases in Skeletal Muscle PGC-1 α and Optimizes Glycogen Replenishment. Front Physiol 2022; 13:803126. [PMID: 35557975 PMCID: PMC9087193 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.803126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Compelling evidence has demonstrated the effect of melatonin on exhaustive exercise tolerance and its modulatory role in muscle energy substrates at the end of exercise. In line with this, PGC-1α and NRF-1 also seem to act on physical exercise tolerance and metabolic recovery after exercise. However, the literature still lacks reports on these proteins after exercise until exhaustion for animals treated with melatonin. Thus, the aim of the current study was to determine the effects of acute melatonin administration on muscle PGC-1α and NRF-1, and its modulatory role in glycogen and triglyceride contents in rats subjected to exhaustive swimming exercise at an intensity corresponding to the anaerobic lactacidemic threshold (iLAn). In a randomized controlled trial design, thirty-nine Wistar rats were allocated into four groups: control (CG = 10), rats treated with melatonin (MG = 9), rats submitted to exercise (EXG = 10), and rats treated with melatonin and submitted to exercise (MEXG = 10). Forty-eight hours after the graded exercise test, the animals received melatonin (10 mg/kg) or vehicles 30 min prior to time to exhaustion test in the iLAn (tlim). Three hours after tlim the animals were euthanized, followed by muscle collection for specific analyses: soleus muscles for immunofluorescence, gluteus maximus, red and white gastrocnemius for the assessment of glycogen and triglyceride contents, and liver for the measurement of glycogen content. Student t-test for independent samples, two-way ANOVA, and Newman keuls post hoc test were used. MEXG swam 120.3% more than animals treated with vehicle (EXG; p < 0.01). PGC-1α and NRF-1 were higher in MEXG with respect to the CG (p < 0.05); however, only PGC-1α was higher for MEXG when compared to EXG. Melatonin reduced the triglyceride content in gluteus maximus, red and white gastrocnemius (F = 6.66, F = 4.51, and F = 6.02, p < 0.05). The glycogen content in red gastrocnemius was higher in MEXG than in CG (p = 0.01), but not in EXG (p > 0.05). In conclusion, melatonin was found to enhance exercise tolerance, potentiate exercise-mediated increases in PGC-1α, decrease muscle triglyceride content and increase muscle glycogen 3 h after exhaustive exercise, rapidly providing a better cellular metabolic environment for future efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinícius Silva Faria
- Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology and Physical Exercise, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos-UFSCar, São Carlos, Brazil
| | | | - Pedro Paulo Menezes Scariot
- Laboratory of Applied Sport Physiology, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas-UNICAMP, Limeira, Brazil
| | - Alessandro Moura Zagatto
- Laboratory of Physiology and Sports Performance, Department of Physical Education, School of Science-Bauru Campus, São Paulo State University-UNESP, Bauru, Brazil
| | - Wladimir Rafael Beck
- Laboratory of Endocrine Physiology and Physical Exercise, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos-UFSCar, São Carlos, Brazil
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Faria VS, Pejon TMM, Gobatto CA, de Araujo GG, Cornachione AS, Beck WR. Acute melatonin administration improves exercise tolerance and the metabolic recovery after exhaustive effort. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19228. [PMID: 34584111 PMCID: PMC8478932 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97364-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the effects of acute melatonin administration on the biomarkers of energy substrates, GLUT4, and FAT/CD36 of skeletal muscle and its performance in rats subjected to exhaustive swimming exercise at an intensity corresponding to the maximal aerobic capacity (tlim). The incremental test was performed to individually determine the exercise intensity prescription and 48 h after, the animals received melatonin (10 mg·kg-1) or vehicles 30 min prior to tlim. Afterwards, the animals were euthanized 1 or 3 h after the exhaustion for blood and muscles storage. The experiment 1 found that melatonin increased the content of glycogen and GLUT4 in skeletal muscles of the animals that were euthanized 1 (p < 0.05; 22.33% and 41.87%) and 3 h (p < 0.05; 37.62% and 57.87%) after the last procedures. In experiment 2, melatonin enhanced the tlim (p = 0.01; 49.42%), the glycogen content (p < 0.05; 40.03%), GLUT4 and FAT/CD36 in exercised skeletal muscles (F = 26.83 and F = 25.28, p < 0.01). In summary, melatonin increased energy substrate availability prior to exercise, improved the exercise tolerance, and accelerated the recovery of muscle energy substrates after the tlim, possibly through GLUT4 and FAT/CD36.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinícius Silva Faria
- grid.411247.50000 0001 2163 588XLaboratory of Endocrine Physiology and Physical Exercise, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP 13565-905 Brazil
| | - Taciane Maria Melges Pejon
- grid.411247.50000 0001 2163 588XLaboratory of Endocrine Physiology and Physical Exercise, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP 13565-905 Brazil
| | - Claudio Alexandre Gobatto
- grid.411087.b0000 0001 0723 2494Laboratory of Applied Sport Physiology, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas, Limeira, SP 13484-350 Brazil
| | - Gustavo Gomes de Araujo
- grid.411247.50000 0001 2163 588XLaboratory of Endocrine Physiology and Physical Exercise, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP 13565-905 Brazil
| | - Anabelle Silva Cornachione
- grid.411247.50000 0001 2163 588XMuscle Physiology and Biophysics Laboratory, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP 13565-905 Brazil
| | - Wladimir Rafael Beck
- grid.411247.50000 0001 2163 588XLaboratory of Endocrine Physiology and Physical Exercise, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, SP 13565-905 Brazil
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Farjallah MA, Hammouda O, Zouch M, Ghattassi K, Graja A, Driss T, Chamari K, Souissi N. Effect of melatonin ingestion on physical performance, metabolic responses, and recovery after an intermittent training session. Physiol Int 2018; 105:358-370. [DOI: 10.1556/2060.105.2018.4.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Objectives
Fatigue is a limiting factor for sport performance. For this reason, optimal recovery after training is just as critical as the training program itself, if not more. Indeed, there is a need for strategies that can facilitate recovery after training, and one such strategy is the ingestion of supplements like melatonin (MEL). This study aimed to evaluate if MEL intake could improve recovery of athletes after an intermittent training session (ITS).
Methods
Fifteen elite female athletes (17.4 ± 0.4 years, 76.4 ± 5.6 kg, 1.76 ± 0.04 m; mean ± standard deviation) participated in two testing campaigns. During each period, they performed a battery of physical and cognitive tests before and after an ITS, as well as after ingesting MEL (6 mg tablet) or placebo in a randomized design. The ITS comprised the modified agility T-test, squat jump, counter movement jump, maximum standing ball-throw velocity test, maximum jump ball-throw velocity test, and 20-m sprint. Oral temperature (OT) and vigilance were evaluated before and after the ITS. Rating of perceived exertion (RPE), blood lactate [La], and glucose [Gl] were recorded after each ITS.
Results
Short-term performance, recovery of physical performance, and OT were not affected by MEL ingestion after the ITS. Moreover, MEL did not affect cognitive performance or RPE scores after the ITS. However, [La] and [Gl] (p < 0.05 for both) were decreased after MEL ingestion.
Conclusion
MEL has no effect on the recovery of physical performance but may affect glucose utilization and lactate metabolism during the team-handball training session.
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Affiliation(s)
- MA Farjallah
- 1 High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, Manouba University, Manouba, Tunisia
| | - O Hammouda
- 2 Research Center on Sport and Movement (Centre de Recherches sur le Sport et le Mouvement, CeRSM), UPL, Université Paris Nanterre, UFR STAPS, Nanterre, France
| | - M Zouch
- 3 Research Unit: Education, Motricity, Sport and Health, UR15JS01, High Institute of Sport and Physical Education of Sfax, Sfax University, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - K Ghattassi
- 1 High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, Manouba University, Manouba, Tunisia
| | - A Graja
- 1 High Institute of Sport and Physical Education, Manouba University, Manouba, Tunisia
| | - T Driss
- 2 Research Center on Sport and Movement (Centre de Recherches sur le Sport et le Mouvement, CeRSM), UPL, Université Paris Nanterre, UFR STAPS, Nanterre, France
| | - K Chamari
- 4 Athlete Health and Performance Research Center ASPETAR, Qatar Orthopaedic and Sports Medicine Hospital, Doha, Qatar
| | - N Souissi
- 5 National Observatory of Sport, Tunis, Tunisia
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Mendes C, Lopes AMDS, do Amaral FG, Peliciari-Garcia RA, Turati ADO, Hirabara SM, Scialfa Falcão JH, Cipolla-Neto J. Adaptations of the aging animal to exercise: role of daily supplementation with melatonin. J Pineal Res 2013; 55:229-39. [PMID: 23711171 DOI: 10.1111/jpi.12065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2013] [Accepted: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The pineal gland, through melatonin, seems to be of fundamental importance in determining the metabolic adaptations of adipose and muscle tissues to physical training. Evidence shows that pinealectomized animals fail to develop adaptive metabolic changes in response to aerobic exercise and therefore do not exhibit the same performance as control-trained animals. The known prominent reduction in melatonin synthesis in aging animals led us to investigate the metabolic adaptations to physical training in aged animals with and without daily melatonin replacement. Male Wistar rats were assigned to four groups: sedentary control (SC), trained control (TC), sedentary treated with melatonin (SM), and trained treated with melatonin (TM). Melatonin supplementation lasted 16 wk, and the animals were subjected to exercise during the last 8 wk of the experiment. After euthanasia, samples of liver, muscle, and adipose tissues were collected for analysis. Trained animals treated with melatonin presented better results in the following parameters: glucose tolerance, physical capacity, citrate synthase activity, hepatic and muscular glycogen content, body weight, protein expression of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and protein kinase activated by adenosine monophosphate (AMPK) in the liver, as well as the protein expression of the glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4) and AMPK in the muscle. In conclusion, these results demonstrate that melatonin supplementation in aging animals is of great importance for the required metabolic adaptations induced by aerobic exercise. Adequate levels of circulating melatonin are, therefore, necessary to improve energetic metabolism efficiency, reducing body weight and increasing insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Mendes
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences-I, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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Özdemir Ö, Özdem S, Özkaya YG. Melatonin administration does not alter muscle glycogen concentration during recovery from exhaustive exercise in rats. Eur J Sport Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2011.589475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Abstract
Melatonin is a highly evolutionary conserved endogenous molecule that is mainly produced by the pineal gland, but also by other nonendocrine organs, of most mammals including man. In the recent years, a variety of anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects have been observed when melatonin is applied exogenously under both in vivo and in vitro conditions. A number of studies suggest that this indole may exert its anti-inflammatory effects through the regulation of different molecular pathways. It has been documented that melatonin inhibits the expression of the isoforms of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase and limits the production of excessive amounts of nitric oxide, prostanoids, and leukotrienes, as well as other mediators of the inflammatory process such as cytokines, chemokines, and adhesion molecules. Melatonin's anti-inflammatory effects are related to the modulation of a number of transcription factors such as nuclear factor kappa B, hypoxia-inducible factor, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, and others. Melatonin's effects on the DNA-binding capacity of transcription factors may be regulated through the inhibition of protein kinases involved in signal transduction, such as mitogen-activated protein kinases. This review summarizes recent research data focusing on the modulation of the expression of different inflammatory mediators by melatonin and the effects on cell signaling pathways responsible for the indole's anti-inflammatory activity. Although there are a numerous published reports that have analyzed melatonin's anti-inflammatory properties, further studies are necessary to elucidate its complex regulatory mechanisms in different cellular types and tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- José L Mauriz
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd) and Institute of Biomedicine, University of León, León, Spain Department of Cellular and Structural Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
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Abstract
The aim of this review is to update the reader as to the association between physical exercise and melatonin, and to clarify how the melatonin rhythm may be affected by different types of exercise. Exercise may act as a zeitgeber, although the effects of exercise on the human circadian system are only now being explored. Depending on the time of the day, on the intensity of light, and on the proximity of the exercise to the onset or decline of the circadian production of melatonin, the consequence of exercise on the melatonin rhythm varies. Moreover, especially strenuous exercise per se induces an increased oxidative stress that in turn may affect melatonin levels in the peripheral circulation because indole is rapidly used to combat free radical damage. On the other hand, melatonin also may influence physical performance, and thus, there are mutually interactions between exercise and melatonin production which may be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Germaine Escames
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica, Parque Tecnológico de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Granada, Granada, Spain
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Budhram R, Lau-cam CA. Attenuating effect of melatonin on pyridoxal-stimulated release of adrenomedullary catecholamines in the rat. Life Sci 2009; 84:696-704. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2009.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2008] [Revised: 01/30/2009] [Accepted: 02/11/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Alonso M, Collado PS, González-Gallego J. Melatonin inhibits the expression of the inducible isoform of nitric oxide synthase and nuclear factor kappa B activation in rat skeletal muscle. J Pineal Res 2006; 41:8-14. [PMID: 16842535 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-079x.2006.00323.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated whether the induction of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) produced by acute exercise in rat skeletal muscle could be prevented by melatonin and whether iNOS down-regulation was related to inhibition of nuclear factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) activation. Male Wistar rats received melatonin i.p. at a dose of 1.0 mg/kg body weight 30 min before being exercised for 60 min on a treadmill at a speed of 25 m/min and a 10% slope. Exercise caused a significant induction of iNOS protein levels and a marked activation of NF-kappaB that were significantly prevented in rats treated with melatonin. Exercise also resulted in increased IkappaB kinasealpha (IKKalpha) and phosphorylated IkappaBalpha protein levels, whereas IkappaBalpha content decreased. These effects were blocked by melatonin administration. The increase in the muscle concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and in the oxidized/reduced glutathione ratio induced by exercise was partially prevented by melatonin. Our data indicate that melatonin has potent protective effects against damage caused by acute exercise in rat muscle, preventing oxidative stress, NF-kappaB activation and iNOS over-expression. These findings support the view that melatonin treatment, by abolishing the IKK/NF-kappaB signal transduction pathway, might block the production of noxious mediators involved in the inflammatory process.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Alonso
- Department of Physiology, University of León, León, Spain
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Yahyavi-Firouz-Abadi N, Tahsili-Fahadan P, Riazi K, Ghahremani MH, Dehpour AR. Involvement of nitric oxide pathway in the acute anticonvulsant effect of melatonin in mice. Epilepsy Res 2006; 68:103-13. [PMID: 16406488 DOI: 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2005.09.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2005] [Revised: 09/16/2005] [Accepted: 09/23/2005] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Melatonin, the major hormone produced by the pineal gland, is shown to have anticonvulsant effects. Nitric oxide (NO) is a known mediator in seizure susceptibility modulation. In the present study, the involvement of NO pathway in the anticonvulsant effect of melatonin in pentylenetetrazole (PTZ)-induced clonic seizures was investigated in mice. Acute intraperitoneal administration of melatonin (40 and 80 mg/kg) significantly increased the clonic seizure threshold induced by intravenous administration of PTZ. This effect was observed as soon as 1 min after injection and lasted for 30 min with a peak effect at 3 min after melatonin administration. Combination of per se non-effective doses of melatonin (10 and 20 mg/kg) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) substrate L-arginine (30, 60 mg/kg) showed a significant anticonvulsant activity. This effect was reversed by NOS inhibitor N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 30 mg/kg), implying an NO-dependent mechanism for melatonin effect. Pretreatment with L-NAME (30 mg/kg) and N(G)-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA, 10 mg/kg) inhibited the anticonvulsant property of melatonin (40 and 80 mg/kg) and melatonin 40 mg/kg, respectively. Specific inducible NOS (iNOS) inhibitor aminoguanidine (100 and 300 mg/kg) did not affect the anticonvulsant effect of melatonin, excluding the role of iNOS in this phenomenon, while pretreatment of with 7-NI (50 mg/kg), a preferential neuronal NOS inhibitor, reversed this effect. The present data show an anticonvulsant effect for melatonin in i.v. PTZ seizure paradigm, which may be mediated via NO/L-arginine pathway by constitutively expressed NOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noushin Yahyavi-Firouz-Abadi
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, P.O. Box 13145-784, Tehran, Iran
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