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Suzana AF, Lee SS, Calvo-Almazán I, Cha W, Harder R, Fenter P. Visualizing the Internal Nanocrystallinity of Calcite Due to Nonclassical Crystallization by 3D Coherent X-Ray Diffraction Imaging. Adv Mater 2024:e2310672. [PMID: 38659412 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202310672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The internal crystallinity of calcite is investigated for samples synthesized using two approaches: precipitation from solution and the ammonium carbonate diffusion method. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses reveal that the calcite products precipitated using both approaches have a well-defined rhombohedron shape, consistent with the euhedral crystal habit of the mineral. The internal structure of these calcite crystals is characterized using Bragg coherent diffraction imaging (BCDI) to determine the 3D electron density and the atomic displacement field. BCDI reconstructions for crystals synthesized using the ammonium carbonate diffusion approach have the expected euhedral shape, with internal strain fields and few internal defects. In contrast, the crystals synthesized by precipitation from solution have very complex external shapes and defective internal structures, presenting null electron density regions and pronounced displacement field distributions. These heterogeneities are interpreted as multiple crystalline domains, created by a nonclassical crystallization mechanism, where smaller nanoparticles coalescence into the final euhedral particles. The combined use of SEM, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and BCDI allows for structurally differentiating calcite crystals grown with different approaches, opening new opportunities to understand how grain boundaries and internal defects alter calcite reactivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana F Suzana
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Sang Soo Lee
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Irene Calvo-Almazán
- Instituto de Nanociencia y Materiales de Aragón (INMA), CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza, Calle de Pedro Cerbuna 9, Zaragoza, 50009, Spain
| | - Wonsuk Cha
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Ross Harder
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
| | - Paul Fenter
- Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA
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2
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Atlan C, Chatelier C, Martens I, Dupraz M, Viola A, Li N, Gao L, Leake SJ, Schülli TU, Eymery J, Maillard F, Richard MI. Imaging the strain evolution of a platinum nanoparticle under electrochemical control. Nat Mater 2023:10.1038/s41563-023-01528-x. [PMID: 37095227 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-023-01528-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Surface strain is widely employed in gas phase catalysis and electrocatalysis to control the binding energies of adsorbates on active sites. However, in situ or operando strain measurements are experimentally challenging, especially on nanomaterials. Here we exploit coherent diffraction at the new fourth-generation Extremely Brilliant Source of the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility to map and quantify strain within individual Pt catalyst nanoparticles under electrochemical control. Three-dimensional nanoresolution strain microscopy, together with density functional theory and atomistic simulations, show evidence of heterogeneous and potential-dependent strain distribution between highly coordinated ({100} and {111} facets) and undercoordinated atoms (edges and corners), as well as evidence of strain propagation from the surface to the bulk of the nanoparticle. These dynamic structural relationships directly inform the design of strain-engineered nanocatalysts for energy storage and conversion applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Atlan
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA Grenoble, IRIG, MEM, NRX, Grenoble, France.
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, Grenoble, France.
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LEPMI, Grenoble, France.
| | - Corentin Chatelier
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA Grenoble, IRIG, MEM, NRX, Grenoble, France.
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, Grenoble, France.
| | | | - Maxime Dupraz
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA Grenoble, IRIG, MEM, NRX, Grenoble, France
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, Grenoble, France
| | - Arnaud Viola
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LEPMI, Grenoble, France
| | - Ni Li
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA Grenoble, IRIG, MEM, NRX, Grenoble, France
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, Grenoble, France
| | - Lu Gao
- Laboratory for Inorganic Materials and Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Joël Eymery
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA Grenoble, IRIG, MEM, NRX, Grenoble, France
| | - Frédéric Maillard
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LEPMI, Grenoble, France.
| | - Marie-Ingrid Richard
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA Grenoble, IRIG, MEM, NRX, Grenoble, France.
- ESRF - The European Synchrotron, Grenoble, France.
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3
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Drosou C, Nikolaraki E, Nikolaou V, Koilia E, Artemakis G, Stratakis A, Evdou A, Charisiou ND, Goula MA, Zaspalis V, Yentekakis IV. Activity and Thermal Aging Stability of La 1-xSr xMnO 3 (x = 0.0, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7) and Ir/La 1-xSr xMnO 3 Catalysts for CO Oxidation with Excess O 2. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:663. [PMID: 36839034 PMCID: PMC9964921 DOI: 10.3390/nano13040663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The catalytic oxidation of CO is probably the most investigated reaction in the literature, for decades, because of its extended environmental and fundamental importance. In this paper, the oxidation of CO on La1-xSrxMnO3 perovskites (LSMx), either unloaded or loaded with dispersed Ir nanoparticles (Ir/LSMx), was studied in the temperature range 100-450 °C under excess O2 conditions (1% CO + 5% O2). The perovskites, of the type La1-xSrxMnO3 (x = 0.0, 0.3, 0.5 and 0.7), were prepared by the coprecipitation method. The physicochemical and structural properties of both the LSMx and the homologous Ir/LSMx catalysts were evaluated by various techniques (XRD, N2 sorption-desorption by BET-BJH, H2-TPR and H2-Chem), in order to better understand the structure-activity-stability correlations. The effect of preoxidation/prereduction/aging of the catalysts on their activity and stability was also investigated. Results revealed that both LSMx and Ir/LSMx are effective for CO oxidation, with the latter being superior to the former. In both series of materials, increasing the substitution of La by Sr in the composition of the perovskite resulted to a gradual suppression of their CO oxidation activity when these were prereduced; the opposite was true for preoxidized samples. Inverse hysteresis phenomena in activity were observed during heating/cooling cycles on the prereduced Ir/LSMx catalysts with the loop amplitude narrowing with increasing Sr-content in LSMx. Oxidative thermal sintering experiments at high temperatures revealed excellent antisintering behavior of Ir nanoparticles supported on LSMx, resulting from perovskite's favorable antisintering properties of high oxygen storage capacity and surface oxygen vacancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Drosou
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry & Chemical Processes, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, 73100 Chania, Crete, Greece
| | - Ersi Nikolaraki
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry & Chemical Processes, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, 73100 Chania, Crete, Greece
| | - Vasilios Nikolaou
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry & Chemical Processes, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, 73100 Chania, Crete, Greece
| | - Evangelia Koilia
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry & Chemical Processes, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, 73100 Chania, Crete, Greece
| | - Georgios Artemakis
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry & Chemical Processes, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, 73100 Chania, Crete, Greece
| | - Antonios Stratakis
- School of Mineral Resources Engineering, Technical University of Crete, 73100 Chania, Crete, Greece
| | - Antigoni Evdou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Chemical Process & Energy Resources Institute/Center for Research & Technology Hellas (CPERI/CERTH), 6th km Harilaou-Thermis, Thermi, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Nikolaos D. Charisiou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Western Macedonia, 50100 Koila, Kozani, Greece
| | - Maria A. Goula
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Western Macedonia, 50100 Koila, Kozani, Greece
| | - Vasilios Zaspalis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Chemical Process & Energy Resources Institute/Center for Research & Technology Hellas (CPERI/CERTH), 6th km Harilaou-Thermis, Thermi, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Ioannis V. Yentekakis
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry & Chemical Processes, School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, 73100 Chania, Crete, Greece
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4
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Simonne D, Carnis J, Atlan C, Chatelier C, Favre-Nicolin V, Dupraz M, Leake SJ, Zatterin E, Resta A, Coati A, Richard MI. Gwaihir: Jupyter Notebook graphical user interface for Bragg coherent diffraction imaging. J Appl Crystallogr 2022; 55:1045-1054. [PMID: 35974722 PMCID: PMC9348885 DOI: 10.1107/s1600576722005854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
In a world where data are steadily made more available, Gwaihir is a tool that overcomes multiple issues by bridging remote access, cluster computing and a user-friendly interface, consequentially improving the link between synchrotrons and their users for Bragg coherent diffraction imaging. Bragg coherent X-ray diffraction is a nondestructive method for probing material structure in three dimensions at the nanoscale, with unprecedented resolution in displacement and strain fields. This work presents Gwaihir, a user-friendly and open-source tool to process and analyze Bragg coherent X-ray diffraction data. It integrates the functionalities of the existing packages bcdi and PyNX in the same toolbox, creating a natural workflow and promoting data reproducibility. Its graphical interface, based on Jupyter Notebook widgets, combines an interactive approach for data analysis with a powerful environment designed to link large-scale facilities and scientists.
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5
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Dupraz M, Li N, Carnis J, Wu L, Labat S, Chatelier C, van de Poll R, Hofmann JP, Almog E, Leake SJ, Watier Y, Lazarev S, Westermeier F, Sprung M, Hensen EJM, Thomas O, Rabkin E, Richard MI. Imaging the facet surface strain state of supported multi-faceted Pt nanoparticles during reaction. Nat Commun 2022; 13:3003. [PMID: 35637233 PMCID: PMC9151645 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30592-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanostructures with specific crystallographic planes display distinctive physico-chemical properties because of their unique atomic arrangements, resulting in widespread applications in catalysis, energy conversion or sensing. Understanding strain dynamics and their relationship with crystallographic facets have been largely unexplored. Here, we reveal in situ, in three-dimensions and at the nanoscale, the volume, surface and interface strain evolution of single supported platinum nanocrystals during reaction using coherent x-ray diffractive imaging. Interestingly, identical {hkl} facets show equivalent catalytic response during non-stoichiometric cycles. Periodic strain variations are rationalised in terms of O2 adsorption or desorption during O2 exposure or CO oxidation under reducing conditions, respectively. During stoichiometric CO oxidation, the strain evolution is, however, no longer facet dependent. Large strain variations are observed in localised areas, in particular in the vicinity of the substrate/particle interface, suggesting a significant influence of the substrate on the reactivity. These findings will improve the understanding of dynamic properties in catalysis and related fields. Understanding strain dynamics and their relationship with crystallographic facets have been largely unexplored. Here the authors demonstrate how the 3D lattice displacement and strain evolution depend on the crystallographic facets of Pt nanoparticles during CO oxidation reaction, providing new insights in the relationship between facet-related surface strain and chemistry.
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6
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Shi X, Lin X, Luo R, Wu S, Li L, Zhao ZJ, Gong J. Dynamics of Heterogeneous Catalytic Processes at Operando Conditions. JACS Au 2021; 1:2100-2120. [PMID: 34977883 PMCID: PMC8715484 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The rational design of high-performance catalysts is hindered by the lack of knowledge of the structures of active sites and the reaction pathways under reaction conditions, which can be ideally addressed by an in situ/operando characterization. Besides the experimental insights, a theoretical investigation that simulates reaction conditions-so-called operando modeling-is necessary for a plausible understanding of a working catalyst system at the atomic scale. However, there is still a huge gap between the current widely used computational model and the concept of operando modeling, which should be achieved through multiscale computational modeling. This Perspective describes various modeling approaches and machine learning techniques that step toward operando modeling, followed by selected experimental examples that present an operando understanding in the thermo- and electrocatalytic processes. At last, the remaining challenges in this area are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangcheng Shi
- Key
Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education,
School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, China
- Joint
School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University,
International Campus of Tianjin University, Fuzhou 350207, China
| | - Xiaoyun Lin
- Key
Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education,
School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Ran Luo
- Key
Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education,
School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Shican Wu
- Key
Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education,
School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Lulu Li
- Key
Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education,
School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Zhi-Jian Zhao
- Key
Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education,
School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Jinlong Gong
- Key
Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education,
School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 300072, China
- Joint
School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University,
International Campus of Tianjin University, Fuzhou 350207, China
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7
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Kim YY, Keller TF, Goncalves TJ, Abuin M, Runge H, Gelisio L, Carnis J, Vonk V, Plessow PN, Vartaniants IA, Stierle A. Single alloy nanoparticle x-ray imaging during a catalytic reaction. Sci Adv 2021; 7:eabh0757. [PMID: 34597137 PMCID: PMC10938497 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abh0757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The imaging of active nanoparticles represents a milestone in decoding heterogeneous catalysts’ dynamics. We report the facet-resolved, surface strain state of a single PtRh alloy nanoparticle on SrTiO3 determined by coherent x-ray diffraction imaging under catalytic reaction conditions. Density functional theory calculations allow us to correlate the facet surface strain state to its reaction environment–dependent chemical composition. We find that the initially Pt-terminated nanoparticle surface gets Rh-enriched under CO oxidation reaction conditions. The local composition is facet orientation dependent, and the Rh enrichment is nonreversible under subsequent CO reduction. Tracking facet-resolved strain and composition under operando conditions is crucial for a rational design of more efficient heterogeneous catalysts with tailored activity, selectivity, and lifetime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young Yong Kim
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thomas F. Keller
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
- University of Hamburg, Physics Department, D-20355 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tiago J. Goncalves
- Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Manuel Abuin
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Henning Runge
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Luca Gelisio
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jerome Carnis
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Vedran Vonk
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Philipp N. Plessow
- Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Ivan A. Vartaniants
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
- National Research Nuclear University MEPhI, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - Andreas Stierle
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY), D-22607 Hamburg, Germany
- University of Hamburg, Physics Department, D-20355 Hamburg, Germany
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8
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Meneau F, Rochet A, Harder R, Cha W, Ribeiro Passos A. Operando 3D imaging of defects dynamics of twinned-nanocrystal during catalysis. J Phys Condens Matter 2021; 33:274004. [PMID: 33930888 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/abfd4f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
UsingoperandoBragg coherent x-ray diffraction imaging, we visualised three-dimensionally a single twinned-gold nanocrystal during the CO oxidation reaction. We describe the defect dynamics process occurring under operating conditions and indicate the correlation between the nucleation of highly strained regions at the surface of the nanocrystal and its catalytic activity. Understanding the twinning deformation mechanism sheds light on the creation of active sites, and could well contribute to the understanding of the catalytic behaviour of other catalysts. With the start-up of 4th generation synchrotron sources, we anticipate that coherent hard x-ray diffraction imaging techniques will play a major role in imagingin situchemical processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Meneau
- Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Amélie Rochet
- Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Ross Harder
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, United States of America
| | - Wonsuk Cha
- Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Argonne, IL 60439, United States of America
| | - Aline Ribeiro Passos
- Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory (LNLS), Brazilian Center for Research in Energy and Materials (CNPEM), 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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9
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Skukauskas V, Johnson Humphrey ELB, Hitchcock I, York A, Kelleher J, Gibson EK, Nelson DJ, Silverwood IP. Operando Neutron Scattering: Following Reactions in Real Time Using Neutrons. Top Catal 2021; 64:693-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s11244-021-01436-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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10
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Carnis J, Gao L, Fernández S, Chahine G, Schülli TU, Labat S, Hensen EJM, Thomas O, Hofmann JP, Richard MI. Facet-Dependent Strain Determination in Electrochemically Synthetized Platinum Model Catalytic Nanoparticles. Small 2021; 17:e2007702. [PMID: 33738928 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202007702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Studying model nanoparticles is one approach to better understand the structural evolution of a catalyst during reactions. These nanoparticles feature well-defined faceting, offering the possibility to extract structural information as a function of facet orientation and compare it to theoretical simulations. Using Bragg Coherent X-ray Diffraction Imaging, the uniformity of electrochemically synthesized model catalysts is studied, here high-index faceted tetrahexahedral (THH) platinum nanoparticles at ambient conditions. 3D images of an individual nanoparticle are obtained, assessing not only its shape but also the specific components of the displacement and strain fields both at the surface of the nanocrystal and inside. The study reveals structural diversity of shapes and defects, and shows that the THH platinum nanoparticles present strain build-up close to facets and edges. A facet recognition algorithm is further applied to the imaged nanoparticles and provides facet-dependent structural information for all measured nanoparticles. In the context of strain engineering for model catalysts, this study provides insight into the shape-controlled synthesis of platinum nanoparticles with high-index facets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme Carnis
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Université de Toulon, IM2NP UMR 7334, Marseille, 13397, France
- ID01/ESRF, The European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, CS 40220, Grenoble Cedex 9, F-38043, France
| | - Lu Gao
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials and Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P. O. Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600MB, The Netherlands
| | - Sara Fernández
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Université de Toulon, IM2NP UMR 7334, Marseille, 13397, France
- ID01/ESRF, The European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, CS 40220, Grenoble Cedex 9, F-38043, France
| | - Gilbert Chahine
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble INP, SIMaP, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Tobias U Schülli
- ID01/ESRF, The European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, CS 40220, Grenoble Cedex 9, F-38043, France
| | - Stéphane Labat
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Université de Toulon, IM2NP UMR 7334, Marseille, 13397, France
| | - Emiel J M Hensen
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials and Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P. O. Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600MB, The Netherlands
| | - Olivier Thomas
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Université de Toulon, IM2NP UMR 7334, Marseille, 13397, France
| | - Jan P Hofmann
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials and Catalysis, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P. O. Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600MB, The Netherlands
- Surface Science Laboratory, Department of Materials and Earth Sciences, Technical University of Darmstadt, Otto-Berndt-Strasse 3, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Marie-Ingrid Richard
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, Université de Toulon, IM2NP UMR 7334, Marseille, 13397, France
- ID01/ESRF, The European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, CS 40220, Grenoble Cedex 9, F-38043, France
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CEA Grenoble, IRIG, MEM, NRS, 17 rue des Martyrs, Grenoble, 38000, France
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11
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Vicente R, Neckel IT, Sankaranarayanan SKS, Solla-Gullon J, Fernández PS. Bragg Coherent Diffraction Imaging for In Situ Studies in Electrocatalysis. ACS Nano 2021; 15:6129-6146. [PMID: 33793205 PMCID: PMC8155327 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c01080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Electrocatalysis is at the heart of a broad range of physicochemical applications that play an important role in the present and future of a sustainable economy. Among the myriad of different electrocatalysts used in this field, nanomaterials are of ubiquitous importance. An increased surface area/volume ratio compared to bulk makes nanoscale catalysts the preferred choice to perform electrocatalytic reactions. Bragg coherent diffraction imaging (BCDI) was introduced in 2006 and since has been applied to obtain 3D images of crystalline nanomaterials. BCDI provides information about the displacement field, which is directly related to strain. Lattice strain in the catalysts impacts their electronic configuration and, consequently, their binding energy with reaction intermediates. Even though there have been significant improvements since its birth, the fact that the experiments can only be performed at synchrotron facilities and its relatively low resolution to date (∼10 nm spatial resolution) have prevented the popularization of this technique. Herein, we will briefly describe the fundamentals of the technique, including the electrocatalysis relevant information that we can extract from it. Subsequently, we review some of the computational experiments that complement the BCDI data for enhanced information extraction and improved understanding of the underlying nanoscale electrocatalytic processes. We next highlight success stories of BCDI applied to different electrochemical systems and in heterogeneous catalysis to show how the technique can contribute to future studies in electrocatalysis. Finally, we outline current challenges in spatiotemporal resolution limits of BCDI and provide our perspectives on recent developments in synchrotron facilities as well as the role of machine learning and artificial intelligence in addressing them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael
A. Vicente
- Chemistry
Institute, State University of Campinas, 13083-970 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Center
for Innovation on New Energies, University
of Campinas, 13083-841 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Itamar T. Neckel
- Brazilian
Synchrotron Light Laboratory, Brazilian
Center for Research in Energy and Materials, 13083-970, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Subramanian K.
R. S. Sankaranarayanan
- Department
of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
- Center
for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National
Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United
States
| | - José Solla-Gullon
- Institute
of Electrochemistry, University of Alicante, Apartado 99, E-03080 Alicante, Spain
| | - Pablo S. Fernández
- Chemistry
Institute, State University of Campinas, 13083-970 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Center
for Innovation on New Energies, University
of Campinas, 13083-841 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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