1
|
Robitaille K, Guertin MH, Jamshidi A, Xu HW, Hovington H, Pelletier JF, Beaudoin L, Gevariya N, Lacombe L, Tiguert R, Caumartin Y, Dujardin T, Toren P, Lodde M, Racine É, Trudel D, Perigny M, Duchesne T, Savard J, Julien P, Fradet Y, Fradet V. A phase IIb randomized placebo-controlled trial testing the effect of MAG-EPA long-chain omega-3 fatty acid dietary supplement on prostate cancer proliferation. Commun Med (Lond) 2024; 4:56. [PMID: 38519581 PMCID: PMC10960033 DOI: 10.1038/s43856-024-00456-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High prostate eicosapentaenoic fatty acid (EPA) levels were associated with a significant reduction of upgrading to grade group (GG) ≥ 2 prostate cancer in men under active surveillance. We aimed to evaluate the effect of MAG-EPA long-chain omega-3 fatty acid dietary supplement on prostate cancer proliferation. METHODS A phase II double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial was conducted in 130 men diagnosed with GG ≥ 2 prostate cancer and undergoing radical prostatectomy between 2015-2017 (Clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02333435). Participants were randomized to receive 3 g daily of either MAG-EPA (n = 65) or placebo (n = 65) for 7 weeks (range 4-10) prior to radical prostatectomy. The primary outcome was the cancer proliferation index quantified by automated image analysis of tumor nuclear Ki-67 expression using standardized prostatectomy tissue microarrays. Additional planned outcomes at surgery are reported including plasma levels of 27 inflammatory cytokines and fatty acid profiles in circulating red blood cells membranes and prostate tissue. RESULTS Cancer proliferation index measured by Ki-67 expression was not statistically different between the intervention (3.10%) and placebo (2.85%) groups (p = 0.64). In the per protocol analyses, the adjusted estimated effect of MAG-EPA was greater but remained non-significant. Secondary outcome was the changes in plasma levels of 27 cytokines, of which only IL-7 was higher in MAG-EPA group compared to placebo (p = 0.026). Men randomized to MAG-EPA prior to surgery had four-fold higher EPA levels in prostate tissue compared to those on placebo. CONCLUSIONS This MAG-EPA intervention did not affect the primary outcome of prostate cancer proliferation according to nuclear Ki-67 expression. More studies are needed to decipher the effects of long-chain omega-3 fatty acid dietary supplementation in men with prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karine Robitaille
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, G1R 3S1, Canada
- Centre de recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1R 3S3, Canada
- Institute of nutrition and functional foods (INAF) and NUTRISS Center - Nutrition, health and society of Université Laval, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Marie-Hélène Guertin
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, G1R 3S1, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Afshin Jamshidi
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, G1R 3S1, Canada
- Centre de recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1R 3S3, Canada
| | - Hui Wen Xu
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Hélène Hovington
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, G1R 3S1, Canada
- Centre de recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1R 3S3, Canada
| | | | - Lisanne Beaudoin
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, G1R 3S1, Canada
| | - Nikunj Gevariya
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, G1R 3S1, Canada
| | - Louis Lacombe
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, G1R 3S1, Canada
- Centre de recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1R 3S3, Canada
- Centre de Recherche Clinique et Évaluative en Oncologie de L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1R 3S1, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Rabi Tiguert
- Centre de Recherche Clinique et Évaluative en Oncologie de L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1R 3S1, Canada
| | - Yves Caumartin
- Centre de Recherche Clinique et Évaluative en Oncologie de L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1R 3S1, Canada
| | - Thierry Dujardin
- Centre de Recherche Clinique et Évaluative en Oncologie de L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1R 3S1, Canada
| | - Paul Toren
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, G1R 3S1, Canada
- Centre de recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1R 3S3, Canada
- Centre de Recherche Clinique et Évaluative en Oncologie de L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1R 3S1, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Michele Lodde
- Centre de Recherche Clinique et Évaluative en Oncologie de L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1R 3S1, Canada
| | - Étienne Racine
- Department of Pathology, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1R 2J6, Canada
| | - Dominique Trudel
- Centre de recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal (CRCHUM) et Institut du cancer de Montréal, and Department of Pathology and Cellular Biology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Martine Perigny
- Department of Pathology, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1R 2J6, Canada
| | - Thierry Duchesne
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Josée Savard
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, G1R 3S1, Canada
- Centre de recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1R 3S3, Canada
- School of psychology, Université Laval, Montréal, QC, G1R 2J6, Canada
| | - Pierre Julien
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, G1R 3S1, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Yves Fradet
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, G1R 3S1, Canada
- Centre de recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1R 3S3, Canada
- Centre de Recherche Clinique et Évaluative en Oncologie de L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1R 3S1, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Vincent Fradet
- CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Québec, QC, G1R 3S1, Canada.
- Centre de recherche sur le Cancer de l'Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1R 3S3, Canada.
- Institute of nutrition and functional foods (INAF) and NUTRISS Center - Nutrition, health and society of Université Laval, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada.
- Centre de Recherche Clinique et Évaluative en Oncologie de L'Hôtel-Dieu de Québec, CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1R 3S1, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|