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Angeli A, Chelli I, Lucarini L, Sgambellone S, Marri S, Villano S, Ferraroni M, De Luca V, Capasso C, Carta F, Supuran CT. Novel Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors with Dual-Tail Core Sulfonamide Show Potent and Lasting Effects for Glaucoma Therapy. J Med Chem 2024; 67:3066-3089. [PMID: 38266245 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c02254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Glaucoma, a leading cause of irreversible vision loss worldwide, is characterized by elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), a well-established risk factor across all its forms. We present the design and synthesis of 39 novel carbonic anhydrase inhibitors by a dual-tailed approach, strategically crafted to interact with distinct hydrophobic and hydrophilic pockets of CA active sites. The series was investigated against the CA isoforms implicated in glaucoma (hCA II, hCA IV, and hCA XII), and the X-ray crystal structures of compounds 25a, 25f, and 26a with CA II, along with 14b in complex with a hCA XII mimic, were determined. Selected compounds (14a, 25a, and 26a) underwent evaluation for their ability to reduce IOP in rabbits with ocular hypertension. Derivative 26a showed significant potency and sustained IOP-lowering effects, surpassing the efficacy of the drugs dorzolamide and bimatoprost. This positions compound 26a as a promising candidate for the development of a novel anti-glaucoma medication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Angeli
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Irene Chelli
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Laura Lucarini
- NEUROFARBA Department, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Silvia Sgambellone
- NEUROFARBA Department, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Silvia Marri
- NEUROFARBA Department, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Serafina Villano
- NEUROFARBA Department, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, University of Florence, 50139 Florence, Italy
| | - Marta Ferraroni
- Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Viviana De Luca
- Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse, CNR, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | | | - Fabrizio Carta
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Florence, Italy
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Florence, Italy
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