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Kwiatkowska A, Granicka LH. Anti-Viral Surfaces in the Fight against the Spread of Coronaviruses. Membranes (Basel) 2023; 13:membranes13050464. [PMID: 37233525 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13050464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This review is conducted against the background of nanotechnology, which provides us with a chance to effectively combat the spread of coronaviruses, and which primarily concerns polyelectrolytes and their usability for obtaining protective function against viruses and as carriers for anti-viral agents, vaccine adjuvants, and, in particular, direct anti-viral activity. This review covers nanomembranes in the form of nano-coatings or nanoparticles built of natural or synthetic polyelectrolytes--either alone or else as nanocomposites for creating an interface with viruses. There are not a wide variety of polyelectrolytes with direct activity against SARS-CoV-2, but materials that are effective in virucidal evaluations against HIV, SARS-CoV, and MERS-CoV are taken into account as potentially active against SARS-CoV-2. Developing new approaches to materials as interfaces with viruses will continue to be relevant in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelika Kwiatkowska
- Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, Ks. Trojdena 4 St., 02-109 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ludomira H Granicka
- Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, Ks. Trojdena 4 St., 02-109 Warsaw, Poland
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Xu J, Xu C, Chen R, Yin Y, Wang Z, Li K, Shi J, Chen X, Huang J, Hong J, Yuan R, Liu Y, Liu R, Wang Y, Liu X, Zhang Z. Stability of SARS-CoV-2 on inanimate surfaces: A review. Microbiol Res 2023; 272:127388. [PMID: 37141851 PMCID: PMC10116155 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2023.127388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The stability of SARS-CoV-2 for varying periods on a wide range of inanimate surfaces has raised concerns about surface transmission; however, there is still no evidence to confirm this route. In the present review, three variables affecting virus stability, namely temperature, relative humidity (RH), and initial virus titer, were considered from different experimental studies. The stability of SARS-CoV-2 on the surfaces of six different contact materials, namely plastic, metal, glass, protective equipment, paper, and fabric, and the factors affecting half-life period was systematically reviewed. The results showed that the half-life of SARS-CoV-2 on different contact materials was generally 2-10 h, up to 5 d, and as short as 30 min at 22 °C, whereas the half-life of SARS-CoV-2 on non-porous surfaces was generally 5-9 h d, up to 3 d, and as short as 4 min at 22 ℃. The half-life on porous surfaces was generally 1-5 h, up to 2 d, and as short as 13 min at 22 °C. Therefore, the half-life period of SARS-CoV-2 on non-porous surfaces is longer than that on porous surfaces, and thehalf-life of the virus decreases with increasing temperature, whereas RH produces a stable negative inhibitory effect only in a specific humidity range. Various disinfection precautions can be implemented in daily life depending on the stability of SARS-CoV-2 on different surfaces to interrupt virus transmission, prevent COVID-19 infections, and avoid over-disinfection. Owing to the more stringent control of conditions in laboratory studies and the lack of evidence of transmission through surfaces in the real world, it is difficult to provide strong evidence for the efficiency of transmission of the contaminant from the surface to the human body. Therefore, we suggest that future research should focus on exploring the systematic study of the entire transmission process of the virus, which will provide a theoretical basis for optimizing global outbreak prevention and control measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayao Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health statistics, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Chengyin Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health statistics, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruilin Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health statistics, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun Yin
- Department of Epidemiology and Health statistics, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Zengliang Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250011, China
| | - Ke Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health statistics, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin Shi
- Department of Epidemiology and Health statistics, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Health statistics, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaqi Huang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health statistics, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Hong
- Department of Epidemiology and Health statistics, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Yuan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health statistics, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanhua Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health statistics, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Liu
- Department of Geomatics and Spatial Information, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266510, China
| | - Yizhen Wang
- Department of Geomatics and Spatial Information, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266510, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Geomatics and Spatial Information, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao, Shandong 266510, China
| | - Zhijie Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health statistics, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.
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Iio Y, Mori Y, Tsurudome M, Ito M. Cross-infection risks of SARS-CoV-2 while playing catch using a baseball: Creating a safe sporting environment during the COVID-19 pandemic. Drug Discov Ther 2022; 16:240-244. [DOI: 10.5582/ddt.2022.01057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoko Iio
- Graduate School of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Mori
- Center for Nursing Practicum Support, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Masato Tsurudome
- Graduate School of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Aichi, Japan
| | - Morihiro Ito
- Graduate School of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Aichi, Japan
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