Regulating VEGF signaling in platelet concentrates via specific VEGF sequestering

Egg White Peptides Accelerating the Wound Healing Process Through Modulating the PI3K-AKT Pathway: A Joint Analysis of Transcriptomic and Proteomic

Wound healing is a multiphase process with a complex repair mechanism; trauma-repairing products with safety and high efficiency have a great market demand. Egg white peptides (EWP) have various physiological regulatory functions and have been proven efficient in ameliorating skin damage. However, their underlying regulation mechanism has not been revealed. This study further evaluated the EWP ameliorating mechanism by conducting a full-thickness skin wound model. Results demonstrated that EWP administration significantly inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory and shortened the inflammatory phase. Besides, EWP can accelerate the secretion of growth factors (PDGF, VEGF, and TGF-β1) in skin tissue, significantly increasing the regeneration of granulation tissue and endothelium in the proliferation phase, thereby promoting wound healing. After 400 mg/kg EWP interventions for 13 days postoperation, the wound healing rate reached 90%. The combination of transcriptomic and proteomic analyses demonstrated the ameliorating efficiency effects of EWP on wound healing. EWP mainly participates in the functional network with the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway as the core to accelerate wound healing. These findings suggest a promising EWP-based strategy for accelerating wound healing.

Neonatal Platelet Transfusions: Starting Again

Preterm neonates with severe thrombocytopenia are frequently prescribed prophylactic platelet transfusions despite no evidence of benefit. Neonatal platelet transfusion practice varies, both nationally and internationally. Volumes and rates of transfusion in neonatology are based on historic precedent and lack an evidence base. The etiology of harm from platelet transfusions is poorly understood. Neonates are expected to be the longest surviving recipients of blood produce transfusions, and so avoiding transfusion associated harm is critical in this cohort. This article reviews the evidence for and against platelet transfusion in the neonate and identifies areas of future potential neonatal platelet transfusion research.

Src family kinases inhibition by dasatinib blocks initial and subsequent platelet deposition on collagen under flow, but lacks efficacy with thrombin generation

Kinase inhibitors can pose bleeding risks as platelet signaling evolves during clotting. Using microfluidics (200 s^-1 wall shear rate) to perfuse Factor XIIa-inhibited or thrombin-inhibited whole blood (WB) over collagen ± tissue factor (TF), we explored the potency of the Src family kinase (SFK) inhibitor dasatinib or the spleen tyrosine kinase (Syk) inhibitor GS-9973 present at clot initiation or added after 90 s (via rapid switch to inhibitor-pretreated WB). When initially present, dasatinib potently inhibited platelet deposition on collagen (no TF). Furthermore, dasatinib immediately inhibited subsequent platelet deposition when introduced 90 s after clot initiation. However, when thrombin was generated, dasatinib was markedly less potent against platelet deposition on collagen/TF (but blocked fibrin deposition) and had no effect when added 90 s after clot initiation. Similarly, dasatinib added at 90 s had no effect on clotting on collagen/TF when fibrin was also blocked with Gly-Pro-Arg-Pro, indicating that strong thrombin-induced signaling (but not fibrin-induced signaling) can bypass the SFK inhibition at later times. The Syk inhibitor GS-9973 was less potent than dasatinib when present initially, but inhibited clot growth when added at 90 s, even in the presence of thrombin (±fibrin). Interestingly, the active form (R-406) of fostamatinib inhibits platelet function in only 2 0f 5 healthy blood samples. SFK-inhibitors may have reduced antithrombotic activity and reduced bleeding risks in settings of high TF and local thrombin generation. For oncology patients, SFK-inhibitors like dasatinib may have reduced antithrombotic activity and reduced bleeding risk in settings of local thrombin generation.

Neutrophil/Lymphocyte Ratio and Platelet/Lymphocyte Ratio in Branch Retinal Vein Occlusion

Purpose. To evaluate the neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and the platelet/lymphocyte ratio(PLR) value in the development of branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO)patients. Methods. 81 patients with BRVO and 81 age and sex-matched subjects were recruited as the control group. The BRVO diagnosis was confirmed under comprehensive ophthalmologic examinations. NLR and PLR parameters obtained from peripheral blood were recorded. Results. Both the mean NLR and PLR was significantly higher in the BRVO group compared with the control group (p < 0.001). In ROC analysis, the AUC for NLR was 0.82, and NLR of >2.48 predicted BRVO with a sensitivity of 58% and specificity of 98%. The AUC for PLR was 0.78, and PLR of >110.2 predicted BRVO with a sensitivity of 72% and specificity of 72%. Conclusion. The current study demonstrated that BRVO patients had increased NLR and PLR levels compared with control subjects. The NLR and PLR may be used as independent predictors for identifying risk for the development of BRVO.