Tsai MS, Liang AY, Tsai CL, Lai PW, Lin MW, Chen MC. Nonlinear compression toward high-energy single-cycle pulses by cascaded focus and compression.
SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022;
8:eabo1945. [PMID:
35921417 PMCID:
PMC9348793 DOI:
10.1126/sciadv.abo1945]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The advancement of contemporary ultrafast science requires reliable sources to provide high-energy few-cycle light pulses. Through experiments and simulations, we demonstrate an arrangement of pulse postcompression, referred to as cascaded focus and compression (CASCADE), for generating millijoule-level, single-cycle pulses in a compact fashion. CASCADE is realized by a series of foci in matter, whereas pulse compression is provided immediately after each focus to maintain a high efficiency of spectral broadening. By implementing four stages of CASCADE in argon cells, we achieve 50-fold compression of millijoule-level pulses at 1030 nanometers from 157 to 3.1 femtoseconds, with an output pulse energy of 0.98 millijoules and a transmission efficiency of 73%. When driving high harmonic generation, these single-cycle pulses enable the creation of a carrier-envelope phase-dependent extreme ultraviolet continuum with energies extending up to 180 electron volts, providing isolated attosecond pulses at the output.
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