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Velarde-García JF, Ortego-Maté C, Sarabia-Cobo C, Delgado Uria A, Fernández-Peña R. Impact of the Pandemic on Dementia Care and Caregivers: A Qualitative Study. Clin Nurs Res 2024; 33:240-252. [PMID: 38623695 DOI: 10.1177/10547738241246023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Physical distancing measures to limit contagion in the COVID-19 pandemic made it difficult to care for older persons with dementia. Non-essential home visits were prevented and family caregivers took over most of their care. The aim of our study was to describe the lived experience of peoples living with dementia caregivers during the pandemic regarding the care provided and the person cared for. A qualitative phenomenological design was used. Participants were recruited using purposeful sampling. Informants were selected from primary healthcare centers, day centers, and a community mental health unit. The study participants comprised 21 caregivers. Semi-structured in-depth interviews by telephone were used, and field notes were collected from the researchers. A thematic analysis was conducted. The criteria used to control trustworthiness were credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability. Three main themes and six related sub-themes were identified: (1) care for the person with dementia during the pandemic, including lockdown, associated with difficulties in coping with restrictions, deterioration in health, and the impact of the closure of health and social resources; (2) health and social care provided to people with dementia after the disruptions and the care received from primary care prior to hospital or residential admission; and (3) the caregiver's perspective on the effects of the psycho-emotional impact, and coping strategies adopted in caring. Interventions for people with dementia should be planned in order to prevent the worsening of their health and cognitive status, while also developing programs to prevent stress and alleviate caregiver burden in case of health crises.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Francisco Velarde-García
- Department of Nursing, Red Cross College of Nursing, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Spain
- Research Group of Humanities and Qualitative Research in Health Science of Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain
- Research Nursing Group of Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carmen Ortego-Maté
- Faculty of Nursing, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
- Nursing Research Group, IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
| | - Carmen Sarabia-Cobo
- Faculty of Nursing, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
- Nursing Research Group, IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
| | | | - Rosario Fernández-Peña
- Faculty of Nursing, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
- Nursing Research Group, IDIVAL, Santander, Spain
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Xu Q, Fan K, Wei D, Wang J, Wang X, Lou X, Lin H, Wang C, Wu C, Mao Z. Association between attitudes toward the COVID-19 vaccines and mental health among 140,259 college students in China. Z Gesundh Wiss 2023:1-11. [PMID: 36744107 PMCID: PMC9886423 DOI: 10.1007/s10389-023-01830-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Background With the launch of the COVID-19 vaccines, the vaccination rate has become a hot issue of concern. However, the evidence for the relationship between college students' attitudes toward vaccines and anxiety and depressive symptoms has been limited. Methods In total, 140,259 college students were recruited using a cluster sampling method in Zhengzhou, Xinxiang, Xinyang city of Henan Province, China, May 21-27, 2021. Anxiety symptoms were determined by the Generalized Anxiety Disorder tool (GAD-7) and depressive symptoms were determined by the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Multiple logistic regression was performed to estimate the association between students' attitudes toward the vaccines and anxiety and depressive symptoms. Results The results indicate that 22.45% of students are unclear whether the vaccine can protect them from infection and 45.57% are unclear whether the vaccine is safe and has no side effects. In addition, after adjusting, the model showed that students who think vaccines can protect them and are safe had 0.128 (95%CI 0.110-0.150; Ptrend < 0.001) times lower risk of anxiety compared to their counterparts who think vaccines can neither protect them nor are safe. Similar ORs were found in depression (aOR = 0.157; 95%CI 0.137-0.180). Conclusion This large-scale study has shown an association between symptoms of anxiety and depression and reluctance to obtain vaccination. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s10389-023-01830-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan People’s Republic of China
| | - Keliang Fan
- Teaching and Training Department, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University/The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Zhejiang, 314000 China
| | - Dandan Wei
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan People’s Republic of China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan People’s Republic of China
| | - Xian Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaomin Lou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan People’s Republic of China
| | - Hualiang Lin
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat Sen University, Guangzhou, 510080 People’s Republic of China
| | - Chongjian Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan People’s Republic of China
| | - Cuiping Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhenxing Mao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Avenue, Zhengzhou, 450001 Henan People’s Republic of China
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Zareie A, Sakellariou R. Mitigating virus spread through dynamic control of community-based social interactions for infection rate and cost. Soc Netw Anal Min 2022; 12:132. [PMID: 36105921 PMCID: PMC9461421 DOI: 10.1007/s13278-022-00953-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of a new virus in a community may cause significant overload on health services and may spread out to other communities quickly. Social distancing may help reduce the infection rate within a community and prevent the spread of the virus to other communities. However, social distancing comes at a cost; how to strike a good balance between reduction in infection rate and cost of social distancing may be a challenging problem. In this paper, this problem is formulated as a bi-objective optimization problem. Assuming that in a community-based society interaction links have different capacities, the problem is how to determine link capacity to achieve a good trade-off between infection rate and the costs of social distancing restrictions. A standard epidemic model, Susceptible-Infected-Recovered, is extended to model the spread of a virus in the communities. Two methods are proposed to determine dynamically the extent of contact restriction during a virus outbreak. These methods are evaluated using two synthetic networks; the experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the methods in decreasing both infection rate and social distancing cost compared to naive methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Zareie
- Department of Computer Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Rizos Sakellariou
- Department of Computer Science, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
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Salles JI, Silva C, Wolff A, Orwert L, Ribeiro P, Velasques B, Morrissey D. Anxiety, insomnia, and depression during COVID-19 lockdown in elite individual and team sport athletes. Psicol Reflex Crit 2022; 35:33. [PMID: 36217066 PMCID: PMC9550302 DOI: 10.1186/s41155-022-00233-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Pandemic-induced lockdowns disrupted sport training and competition. We aimed to identify the impact on the mental health of high-level athletes and clarify whether the effects differ for team-based and individual athletes. METHODS This cross-sectional survey, stratified by sex and sport type, collected demographic data and mental health measurements from 274 Brazilian high-performance athletes (142 from team sports and 132 from individual sports) involved with the Brazilian Olympic Committee program for the Tokyo Olympics 2021. Depression, disturbed sleep, and anxiety were assessed by the 9-Item Patient Health Questionnaire, 7-Item Insomnia Severity Index, and 7-Item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale respectively. Responses were analyzed dichotomously according to published threshold values, characterizing the relative frequency distribution of prevalence (PCRS) or non-prevalence of clinically relevant symptoms (NPCRS). RESULTS Out of all participants, 47 [17.1%], Z(274) = 15.38, p = .001, 32 [11.7%], Z(274) = 17.94, p = .001, and 49 [17.9%], Z(274) = 15.04, p = .001 had PCRS of anxiety, insomnia, and depression, respectively. There were no significant differences in the PCRS among genders. Compared with individual sport athletes, team sport athletes were more likely to report PCRS of insomnia (12 [37.5%] vs 20 [62.5%], Z(274) = -2.00, p = .046), and depression (18 [36.7%] vs 31 [63.3%], Z(274) = -2.63, p = .009) but not for anxiety. CONCLUSION Athletes reported high levels of mental health problems during the lockdown. Team sport athletes reported worse symptoms of insomnia and depression than individual sport athletes, possibly due to the impact of unaccustomed social isolation and lack of social team activity. Therefore, it becomes relevant to consider psychological support to team sport athletes who for some reason, such as a pandemic, enduring crisis even injury rehabilitation needs to be isolated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose I. Salles
- Sports and Exercise Medicine, William Harvey Research Institute, QMUL, Bancroft Road, London, E1 4DG UK
| | - Carolina Silva
- Olympic Laboratory, Brazilian Olympic Committee, Av. Embaixador Abelardo Bueno, 851 Barra da Tijuca, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 22775-040 Brazil
| | - Aline Wolff
- Olympic Laboratory, Brazilian Olympic Committee, Av. Embaixador Abelardo Bueno, 851 Barra da Tijuca, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 22775-040 Brazil
| | | | - Pedro Ribeiro
- Brain Mapping and Sensorimotor Integration Laboratory, Institute of Psychiatry of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Av. Venceslau Brás, 71 - Botafogo, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 22290-140 Brazil
| | - Bruna Velasques
- Neurophysiology and Neuropsychology of Attention, Institute of Psychiatry of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Av. Venceslau Brás, 71 - Botafogo, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 22290-140 Brazil
| | - Dylan Morrissey
- Sports and Exercise Medicine, William Harvey Research Institute, QMUL, Bancroft Road, London, E1 4DG UK
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Horga NG, Cirnatu D, Kundnani NR, Ciurariu E, Parvu S, Ignea AL, Borza C, Sharma A, Morariu S. Evaluation of Non-Pharmacological Measures Implemented in the Management of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Romania. Healthcare (Basel) 2022; 10:healthcare10091756. [PMID: 36141371 PMCID: PMC9498680 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare10091756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The management of the COVID-19 pandemic in Romania has included the involvement of not only the medical system, but also that of the administrative and social services. All these organizations are working together to lower the impact on the health of the general population, to increase the health system’s response capabilities and even to diminish the negative effects upon the economy due to the epidemic’s length. Therefore, non-pharmacological measures (NPMs) imposed through restrictive measures (administrative, economic and individual) have influenced the evolution of morbidity and mortality. Even from the first months of the pandemic’s progression, researchers have shown the impact of the NPMs’ existence, as there were many studies on all NPMs in conjunction, as well as those targeting specific measures such as school closures. Our study started by establishing a temporal relationship between the non-pharmacological measures found in most countries (wearing a mask, washing hands and physical distancing, limiting economic activities, closing schools, limiting internal and international movement, banning public and private events in closed spaces) and the evolution of the pandemic in Romania. The degree of novelty brought by this study consists of extending the analysis to the pre-existing state of the health system and to the measures meant to increase the resilience of the population, as well as to the measures aimed at reducing the type of risk, and factors that can equally influence the evolution of the number of cases. The results of the statistical analysis show the important effects of certain NPMs (mask mandates, online schooling, decisions regarding imposing or lifting local restrictions) as well as the reduced impact of other measures (hand disinfection, social distancing or the restriction of public and private events). Hence, it can be concluded that during such pandemics, implementing quick, simple measures can prevent the spread of the disease and help fight the contagion in a better manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nenssy Georgiana Horga
- Faculty of Medicine, ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Daniela Cirnatu
- Faculty of Medicine, ‘Vasile Goldis’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 310025 Arad, Romania
| | - Nilima Rajpal Kundnani
- Department of Functional Sciences, Physiology, Centre of Immuno-Physiology and Biotechnologies (CIFBIOTEH), University of Medicine and Pharmacy ‘Victor Babes’, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Civil Medical Society Dr Rosca, 307405 Teremia Mare, Romania
- Correspondence: (N.R.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Elena Ciurariu
- Department of Functional Sciences, Physiology, Centre of Immuno-Physiology and Biotechnologies (CIFBIOTEH), University of Medicine and Pharmacy ‘Victor Babes’, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Simona Parvu
- Faculty of Medicine, ‘Carol Davila’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Andrei Lucas Ignea
- Faculty of Medicine, ‘Victor Babes’ University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Claudia Borza
- Department of Functional Science, Discipline of Pathophysiology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Center for Translational Research and Systems Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Centre of Cognitive Research in Pathological Neuro-Psychiatry NEUROPSY-COG, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Abhinav Sharma
- Civil Medical Society Dr Rosca, 307405 Teremia Mare, Romania
- Department of Cardiology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2 Eftimie Murgu Square, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Department of Occupational Health, Faculty of General Medicine, “Vasile Goldis” Western University of Arad, 310025 Arad, Romania
- Correspondence: (N.R.K.); (A.S.)
| | - Stelian Morariu
- Department of Occupational Health, Faculty of General Medicine, “Vasile Goldis” Western University of Arad, 310025 Arad, Romania
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Zhang Z, Zhu Y, Wang Q, Chang T, Liu C, Zhu Y, Wang X, Cao X. Global Trends and Research Hotspots of Exercise for Intervening Diabetes: A Bibliometric Analysis. Front Public Health 2022; 10:902825. [PMID: 35875005 PMCID: PMC9300903 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.902825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundDiabetes is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia that often occurs in adults. Many studies have indicated that exercise is beneficial to the medical management of diabetes. Bibliometric analysis can help investigators to identify the current research concerns to guide future research directions. Nevertheless, the overview bibliometric analysis of this global research topic related to exercise and diabetes is lacking. The present bibliometric study aimed to investigate development trends and research hotspots of exercise and diabetes research and provide researchers with new perspectives in further studies.Materials and MethodsThe articles and reviews regarding exercise and diabetes between 2000 and 2020 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection. The scientometrics analytical tool CiteSpace software was used to analyze the cooperation among countries/institutions/journals/authors, analysis of co-occurrence keywords, keywords bursts, and references.ResultsIn all, 3,029 peer-reviewed papers were found with a persistently increased tendency over time. The most prolific country and institution were the USA (965) and Univ Alberta (76), respectively. Diabetes Care published most papers (178) and was the most co-cited journal (2,630). Riddell MC had the most publications (53), and Sigal RJ was the most influential author (503 cited times). Colberg et al.'s paper (co-citation counts: 183) showed the strongest citation bursts by the end of 2020, which was the most representative reference. The four research focuses were mellitus, exercise, physical activity, and glycemic control. The two frontiers trends were sedentary behavior and stress. The combination of aerobic and resistance training can effectively improve glycemic control, decrease HbA1c levels, enhance cardiorespiratory fitness, improve lipid levels, and decrease the demand for non-insulin antihyperglycemic agents.ConclusionsThis study offers a scientific perspective on exercise and diabetes research and provides investigators with valuable information to detect the current research condition, hotspots, and emerging trends for further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijie Zhang
- Rehabilitation Therapy Center, Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Luoyang, China
| | - Yuanchun Zhu
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingfeng Wang
- Rehabilitation Therapy Center, Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Luoyang, China
| | - Tiantian Chang
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunlong Liu
- Clinical Medical College of Acupuncture, Moxibustion and Rehabilitation, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Zhu
- Department of Musculoskeletal Pain Rehabilitation, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xueqiang Wang
- Department of Sport Rehabilitation, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangyang Cao
- Rehabilitation Therapy Center, Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital of Henan Province, Luoyang, China
- *Correspondence: Xiangyang Cao
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Xu Q, Mao Z, Wei D, Fan K, Liu P, Wang J, Wang X, Lou X, Lin H, Wang C, Wu C. Association between mask wearing and anxiety symptoms during the outbreak of COVID 19: A large survey among 386,432 junior and senior high school students in China. J Psychosom Res 2022; 153:110709. [PMID: 34963065 PMCID: PMC8695308 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2021.110709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AIM To evaluate the association between mask wearing practice and the risk of anxiety symptoms during the COVID-19 epidemic among Chinese students aged 12-18 years old. METHODS Totally, 386,432 junior and senior high school students were recruited using a cluster sampling method across three cities of Henan Province in China during February 4-12, 2020. Mask wearing practice was defined according to its type and the behavior exhibited in relation to wearing a mask. Presence of anxiety symptoms was determined by Generalized Anxiety Disorder tool (GAD-7). Multiple logistic regression was performed to estimate the association between mask wearing and anxiety symptoms. RESULTS Among the participants, compared with students who completely adhered to the all the mask wearing practice, students who did not adhere to all the mask wearing practice had 1.97 times more likely to suffer from anxiety symptoms (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.97; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.74-2.22). Furthermore, compared with students who did not know the proper type of mask, students who knew the proper type of mask had a lower risk of anxiety symptoms (aOR = 0.78; 95%CI: 0.76-0.80). Students who adhered to proper behavior of mask wearing was associated with 34% decreased odds for anxiety symptoms (aOR = 0.68; 95%CI: 0.62-0.74). CONCLUSIONS To conclude, proper mask wearing may be an important attribute that play a significant role in reducing the risk of anxiety symptoms among junior and senior school student. However, since this study is a cross-sectional study, prospective studies are needed to further verify.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Zhenxing Mao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Dandan Wei
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Keliang Fan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Pengling Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Juan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Xian Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Xiaomin Lou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Hualiang Lin
- Sun Yat Sen University Sun Yat Sen Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Chongjian Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China
| | - Cuiping Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, PR China.
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Amani D, Ismail IJ. Investigating the predicting role of COVID-19 preventive measures on building brand legitimacy in the hospitality industry in Tanzania: mediation effect of perceived brand ethicality. Futur Bus J 2022; 8:13. [PMCID: PMC9175171 DOI: 10.1186/s43093-022-00128-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic undesirably affected the hospitality industry, and therefore, preventive measures have been advocated as crucial when revitalizing or rejuvenating the industry. This study investigated the interplay of predicting role of COVID-19 preventive measures, perceived brand ethicality, and brand legitimacy in the hospitality industry in Tanzania during the period of reviving the industry. Furthermore, the study examines the mediating role of perceived brand ethicality in the relationship between COVID-19 preventive measures and brand legitimacy. Data were collected from a total of 405 customers of hospitality organizations recruited via an on-site survey. Data analyses were done using structural equation modeling. Overall, the results have shown that COVID-19 preventive measures had a direct positive effect on brand legitimacy. Additionally, COVID-19 preventive measures could enhance brand legitimacy indirectly via perceived brand ethicality. The study has significant implications for different hospitality organizations and operators in Tanzania and other countries during post the COVID-19 period.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Amani
- Department of Business Administration and Management, The University of Dodoma, Dodoma, Tanzania
| | - Ismail Juma Ismail
- Department of Business Administration and Management, The University of Dodoma, Dodoma, Tanzania
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Kliem S, Baier D, Kröger C. Domestic Violence Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic–A Comparison of Two Representative Population Surveys. Dtsch Arztebl Int 2021; 118:483-484. [PMID: 34491161 DOI: 10.3238/arztebl.m2021.0267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Ayouni I, Maatoug J, Dhouib W, Zammit N, Fredj SB, Ghammam R, Ghannem H. Effective public health measures to mitigate the spread of COVID-19: a systematic review. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:1015. [PMID: 34051769 PMCID: PMC8164261 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-11111-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In December 2019, a novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was recognized in Wuhan, China. It was characterised by rapid spread causing a pandemic. Multiple public health interventions have been implemented worldwide to decrease the transmission of the 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19). The objective of this systematic review is to evaluate the implemented public health interventions to control the spread of the outbreak of COVID-19. METHODS We systematically searched PubMed, Science Direct and MedRxiv for relevant articles published in English up to March 16, 2021. We included quasi experimental studies, clinical trials, cohort studies, longitudinal studies, case-control studies and interrupted time series. We included the studies that investigated the effect of the implemented public health measures to prevent and control the outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19). RESULTS The database search using the predefined combinations of Mesh terms found 13,497 studies of which 3595 in PubMed, 7393 in Science Direct 2509 preprints in MedRxiv. After removal of the duplicates and the critical reading only 18 articles were included in this systematic review and processed for data extraction. CONCLUSIONS Public health interventions and non-pharmaceutical measurements were effective in decreasing the transmission of COVID-19. The included studies showed that travel restrictions, borders measures, quarantine of travellers arriving from affected countries, city lockdown, restrictions of mass gathering, isolation and quarantine of confirmed cases and close contacts, social distancing measures, compulsory mask wearing, contact tracing and testing, school closures and personal protective equipment use among health workers were effective in mitigating the spread of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imen Ayouni
- Department of Epidemiology, University Hospital Farhat Hached Sousse, Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia.
| | - Jihen Maatoug
- Department of Epidemiology, University Hospital Farhat Hached Sousse, Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Wafa Dhouib
- Department of Epidemiology, University Hospital Farhat Hached Sousse, Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Nawel Zammit
- Department of Epidemiology, University Hospital Farhat Hached Sousse, Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Sihem Ben Fredj
- Department of Epidemiology, University Hospital Farhat Hached Sousse, Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Rim Ghammam
- Department of Epidemiology, University Hospital Farhat Hached Sousse, Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
| | - Hassen Ghannem
- Department of Epidemiology, University Hospital Farhat Hached Sousse, Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, Sousse, Tunisia
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Özarslan M, Caliskan S. Attitudes and predictive factors of psychological distress and occupational burnout among dentists during COVID-19 pandemic in Turkey. Curr Psychol 2021; 40:3113-3124. [PMID: 33948050 PMCID: PMC8084415 DOI: 10.1007/s12144-021-01764-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the factors affecting the ability and willingness of dentists to work during the COVID-19 pandemic and the effect of this situation on occupational burnout. A 51-question survey, including demographic and pandemic questions and the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), was used as a data collection method and administered to dentists in Turkey via the internet in two stages. A link to the survey (onlineanketler.com) was sent to the participants by e-mail or social media (WhatsApp©). A total of 442 dentists in the first stage and 264 dentists in the second stage answered the questionnaire. The second stage of the survey only applied to dentists who are assigned within the scope of COVID-19 measures in Turkey. Standard descriptive statistics, the chi-square test, independent samples t test and the Kruskal-Wallis test were used for statistical analysis. Most of the participants showed higher stress levels. Occupational burnout levels of participants according to filiation service (serve/FP, did not serve/FN) were 34.4% and 17.6%, respectively. The FP group showed significantly higher stress levels than the FN group. It is important to consider how these results, collected during an infectious disease epidemic, reflect the effects of psychological distress and burnout on dental staff. Trial Registration Number and Date of Registration: NCT04605692–10/27/2020.
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Affiliation(s)
- Merve Özarslan
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Secil Caliskan
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey
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Keshta AS, Mallah SI, Al Zubaidi K, Ghorab OK, Keshta MS, Alarabi D, Abousaleh MA, Salman MT, Taha OE, Zeidan AA, Elsaid MF, Tang P. COVID-19 versus SARS: A comparative review. J Infect Public Health 2021; 14:967-977. [PMID: 34130121 PMCID: PMC8064890 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2021.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The two genetically similar severe acute respiratory syndrome coronaviruses, SARS-CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2, have each been responsible for global epidemics of vastly different scales. Although both viruses arose from similar origins, they quickly diverged due to differences in their transmission dynamics and spectrum of clinical presentations. The potential involvement of multiple organs systems, including the respiratory, cardiac, gastrointestinal and neurological, during infection necessitates a comprehensive understanding of the clinical pathogenesis of each virus. The management of COVID-19, initially modelled after SARS and other respiratory illnesses, has continued to evolve as we accumulate more knowledge and experience during the pandemic, as well as develop new therapeutics and vaccines. The impact of these two coronaviruses has been profound for our health care and public health systems, and we hope that the lessons learned will not only bring the current pandemic under control, but also prevent and reduce the impact of future pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed S Keshta
- School of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland - Bahrain, Busaiteen, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Saad I Mallah
- School of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland - Bahrain, Busaiteen, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Khaled Al Zubaidi
- Division of Paediatric Infectious Diseases, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Omar K Ghorab
- School of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland - Bahrain, Busaiteen, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Mohamed S Keshta
- School of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland - Bahrain, Busaiteen, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Dalal Alarabi
- School of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland - Bahrain, Busaiteen, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Mohammad A Abousaleh
- School of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland - Bahrain, Busaiteen, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Mustafa Thaer Salman
- School of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland - Bahrain, Busaiteen, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Omer E Taha
- School of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland - Bahrain, Busaiteen, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Anas A Zeidan
- School of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland - Bahrain, Busaiteen, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Mahmoud F Elsaid
- Division of Pediatric Neurology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar; Division of Neurology, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar; Department of Pediatrics, Weill Cornell Medicine - Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Patrick Tang
- Department of Pathology, Sidra Medicine, Doha, Qatar; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine - Qatar, Doha, Qatar.
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Görgülü Ö, Duyan M. Effects of Comorbid Factors on Prognosis of Three Different Geriatric Groups with COVID-19 Diagnosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020;:1-12. [PMID: 33225222 DOI: 10.1007/s42399-020-00645-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a new zoonotic infectious disease that was first reported to the World Health Organization (WHO) on December 31, 2019, and declared as a pandemic by WHO on March 11, 2020. Due to the increased incidence of multimorbidity in geriatric age groups, COVID-19 disease leads to more severe consequences in the elderly. We aimed to determine the effects of age, comorbidity factors, symptoms, laboratory findings, and radiological results on prognosis by dividing our patients into 3 different geriatric age groups, using a retrospective descriptive analysis method. Patients included in the retrospective study (n = 483) were divided into the following three different geriatric age groups: young-old (65-74 years), middle-aged (75-84 years), and the oldest-elderly (85 years and over).The length of stay in the intensive care unit of the patients between the ages of 75-84 was higher than the other two groups (p = 0.013). Mortality rates were lowest in patients aged 65-74 years (p < 0.001). The rate of ground glass opacity in thorax CT was higher in patients with mortality (p < 0.001). While the rate of COPD-bronchial asthma was higher in surviving patients (p = 0.001), malignancy (p = 0.005) and cerebrovascular disease (p < 0.001) were higher in patients who died. Patients aged between 75 and 84 (OR: 2.602; 95% CI: 1.306-5.183; p = 0.007) or ≥ 85 (OR: 4.086; 95% CI: 1.687-9.9; p = 0.002) had higher risk for mortality compared to patients aged between 65 and 74. The lowest mortality rates were observed in patients aged 65-74 years. Among the supportive diagnostic methods in 3 different geriatric age groups, PCR positivity has no effect on mortality, while the ground glass opacity on tomography is closely related to the need for intensive care and increased mortality. In patients with COPD-bronchial asthma comorbidity and those with symptoms of fatigue, dry cough, and sore throat, transfer to intensive care and mortality rates were lower, while patients who were transferred to intensive care and who developed mortality had higher malignancy and cerebrovascular disease comorbidities and dyspnea symptoms.
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Abstract
In this study, we aimed to present a geriatric patient with the diagnosis of COVID-19 and with contradictory results in rRT-PCR examinations in short time intervals. A 69-year-old male patient was admitted to the emergency room on the 18th day of May 2020, with the complaints of fever, sweating, myalgia, dry cough that continued for 5 days, and the lack of taste that started on the day he applied to the emergency room. Comorbidity factors include diabetes mellitus, bronchial asthma, and hypertension. The patient has a history of 36 years of smoking 1.5 packs per day. High laboratory findings during hospitalization: monocytes, creatinine, CRP (C-reactive protein). In the thorax CT, in the parenchyma areas of both lungs, there are increases in attenuation with multilobe distributions (more visible at the level of the upper lobes) in the form of ground-glass opacities. May 19, 2020, was subjected to the rRT-PCR test, repeated twice on the 19th of May which also resulted in positive. Despite rRT-PCR tests, which were negative on 27th of May and positive on 28th of May, the patient, whose symptoms disappeared, and general condition improved, was discharged on June 1, 2020, with the recommendation for home isolation. In our case, unlike the incubation period only, we encountered a negative rRT-PCR result on the 8th day after diagnosis. Therefore, the COVID-19 pandemic control and filiation evaluation with the rRT-PCR test may produce false negative results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özkan Görgülü
- Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Antalya Training and Research Hospital, Varlık Mh. Kazım Karabekir Cd, 07100 Antalya, Turkey
| | - Murat Duyan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Antalya Training and Research Hospital, Antalya, Turkey
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