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Bourke S, Donà F, Teijeiro Gonzalez Y, Qazi Chaudhry B, Panamarova M, Mackay E, Zammit PS, Dailey LA, Eggert US, Suhling K, Green MA. Biocompatible Magnetic Conjugated Polymer Nanoparticles for Optical and Lifetime Imaging Applications in the First Biological Window. ACS Appl Polym Mater 2022; 4:8193-8202. [PMID: 36405304 PMCID: PMC9667460 DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.2c01153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Conjugated polymers are organic semiconductors that can be used for fluorescence microscopy of living specimens. Here, we report the encapsulation of the bright-red-emitting conjugated polymer, poly[{9,9-dihexyl-2,7-bis(1-cyanovinylene)fluorenylene}-alt-co-{2,5-bis(N,N'-diphenylamino)-1,4-phenylene}] (CN-FO-DPD), and superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) within poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) (PSMA) micelles. The resulting particles exhibited an emission peak at 657 nm, a fluorescence quantum yield of 21%, an average diameter of 65 nm, and a ζ potential of -30 mV. They are taken up by cells, and we describe their use in fluorescence microscopy of living Hela cells and zebrafish embryos and their associated cytotoxicity in HEK, HeLa, and HCE cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Struan Bourke
- Department
of Physics, King′s College London, London WC2R 2LS, U.K.
| | - Federico Donà
- Randall
Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Life Sciences
and Medicine, King’s College London, London SE1 1UL, U.K.
| | | | | | - Maryna Panamarova
- Randall
Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Life Sciences
and Medicine, King’s College London, London SE1 1UL, U.K.
| | - Eirinn Mackay
- Department
of Cell and Developmental Biology, University
College London, Gower Street, London WC1E
6BT, U.K.
| | - Peter S. Zammit
- Randall
Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Life Sciences
and Medicine, King’s College London, London SE1 1UL, U.K.
| | - Lea Ann Dailey
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Vienna, Universitätsring 1, 1010 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ulrike S. Eggert
- Randall
Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, Faculty of Life Sciences
and Medicine, King’s College London, London SE1 1UL, U.K.
| | - Klaus Suhling
- Department
of Physics, King′s College London, London WC2R 2LS, U.K.
| | - Mark A. Green
- Department
of Physics, King′s College London, London WC2R 2LS, U.K.
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Feyen PLC, Matarèse BFE, Urbano L, Abelha TF, Rahmoune H, Green M, Dailey LA, de Mello JC, Benfenati F. Photosensitized and Photothermal Stimulation of Cellular Membranes by Organic Thin Films and Nanoparticles. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:932877. [PMID: 35875499 PMCID: PMC9302485 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.932877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Conjugated polymers are increasingly exploited for biomedical applications. In this work, we explored the optical characteristics of conjugated polymers of variable chemical structures at multiple levels relevant to biological interfacing, from fluorescence yield to their influence on cellular membrane potential. We systematically compared the performance of conjugated polymer as cast thin films and as nanoparticles stabilized with amphiphilic polyethylene glycol-poly lactic acid-co-glycolic acid (PEG-PLGA). We assessed in both the dark and under illumination the stability of key optoelectronic properties in various environments, including air and biologically relevant physiological saline solutions. We found that photoreduction of oxygen correlates with nanoparticle and film degradation in physiologically relevant media. Using patch-clamp recordings in cell lines and primary neurons, we identified two broad classes of membrane potential response, which correspond to photosensitizer- and photothermal-mediated effects. Last, we introduced a metric named OED50 (optical energy for 50% depolarization), which conveys the phototoxic potency of a given agent and thereby its operational photo-safety profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul L. C. Feyen
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy
- DZNE—German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Munich, Germany
| | - Bruno F. E. Matarèse
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Heamatology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Laura Urbano
- King’s College London, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Clinical Pharmaceutical and Biological Sciences, University of Hertfordshire, Hatfield, United Kingdom
| | - Thais F. Abelha
- King’s College London, Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, London, United Kingdom
- Laboratory of Optics and Photonics, Institute of Physics, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil
| | - Hassan Rahmoune
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Mark Green
- Department of Physics, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Lea A. Dailey
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - John C. de Mello
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Chemistry, Centre for Organic Electronic Materials, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway
- *Correspondence: John C. de Mello, ; Fabio Benfenati,
| | - Fabio Benfenati
- Center for Synaptic Neuroscience and Technology, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, Italy
- IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
- *Correspondence: John C. de Mello, ; Fabio Benfenati,
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Becker D, Biswal BP, Kaleńczuk P, Chandrasekhar N, Giebeler L, Addicoat M, Paasch S, Brunner E, Leo K, Dianat A, Cuniberti G, Berger R, Feng X. Fully sp
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‐Carbon‐Linked Crystalline Two‐Dimensional Conjugated Polymers: Insight into 2D Poly(phenylenecyanovinylene) Formation and its Optoelectronic Properties. Chemistry 2019; 25:6562-6568. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201806385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Becker
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Center for Advancing Electronics DresdenTechnische Universität Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Bishnu P. Biswal
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Center for Advancing Electronics DresdenTechnische Universität Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Paula Kaleńczuk
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Center for Advancing Electronics DresdenTechnische Universität Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Naisa Chandrasekhar
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Center for Advancing Electronics DresdenTechnische Universität Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Lars Giebeler
- Department of Chemistry of Functional MaterialsLeibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden Helmholtzstr. 20 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Matthew Addicoat
- School of Science and TechnologyNottingham Trent University Clifton Lane Nottingham NG11 8NS UK
| | - Silvia Paasch
- Chair of Bioanalytical ChemistryTechnische Universität Dresden 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Eike Brunner
- Chair of Bioanalytical ChemistryTechnische Universität Dresden 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Karl Leo
- Dresden Integrated Center for Applied Physics and Photonic Materials (IAPP) Nöthnitzer Str. 61 01187 Dresden Germany
| | - Arezoo Dianat
- Institute for Materials ScienceTechnische Universität Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
| | | | - Reinhard Berger
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Center for Advancing Electronics DresdenTechnische Universität Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
| | - Xinliang Feng
- Faculty of Chemistry and Food Chemistry, Center for Advancing Electronics DresdenTechnische Universität Dresden 01062 Dresden Germany
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Almassio MF, Romagnoli MJ, Del Rosso PG, Schvval AB, Garay RO. Distyrylbenzene-based segmented conjugated polymers: Synthesis, thin film morphology and chemosensing of hydrophobic and hydrophilic nitroaromatics in aqueous media. POLYMER 2017; 113:167-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.02.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Bhattacharyya S, Paramanik B, Kundu S, Patra A. Energy/Hole Transfer Phenomena in Hybrid α-Sexithiophene (α-STH) Nanoparticle-CdTe Quantum-Dot Nanocomposites. Chemphyschem 2012; 13:4155-62. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201200694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Bartelmess J, Ehli C, Cid JJ, García-Iglesias M, Vázquez P, Torres T, Guldi DM. Screening interactions of zinc phthalocyanine–PPV oligomers with single wall carbon nanotubes—a comparative study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c1jm10572h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Bartelmess J, Ehli C, Cid JJ, García-Iglesias M, Vázquez P, Torres T, Guldi DM. Tuning and optimizing the intrinsic interactions between phthalocyanine-based PPV oligomers and single-wall carbon nanotubes toward n-type/p-type. Chem Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0sc00364f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Lin Y, El-Khouly M, Chen Y, Supur M, Gu L, Li Y, Fukuzumi S. A New Cyanofluorene-Triphenylamine Copolymer: Synthesis and Photoinduced Intramolecular Electron Transfer Processes. Chemistry 2009; 15:10818-24. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200900752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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