Implications of a utility model for ultraviolet exposure behavior

Assessment of knowledge of skin cancer prevention and its relation with sun exposure and photo protection amongst gym academy members on the south of Santa Catarina, Brazil

BACKGROUND

Skin cancer is the most frequent neoplasia in several parts of the world and also in Brazil. There is evidence of an increase in morbidity and mortality from skin cancer. Although the incidence of skin cancer is increasing, it is estimated that 45% of all preventable cancers worldwide are skin neoplasias. Several studies have emphasized the need for campaigns to encourage sun protection.

OBJECTIVE

To assess the knowledge about skin cancer prevention and its association with sun exposure and photo protection in gym members.

METHODS

We conducted a cross-sectional, descriptive and quantitative study during January to July 2009, including gym members of both sexes in the city of Criciuma. A self-administered questionnaire was used. The statistical analysis was conducted in a descriptive way in regards to the absolute and relative frequencies of the variables under study.

RESULTS

Of the 317 questionnaires studied, 62% were from women and 38% from men. Skin types II and III predominated, and the average age was 27.6 years. 94.3% of the participants reported that they had heard about the risks of sun exposure, mostly in terms of skin cancer risk (80.8%). Most participants, especially women, reported some form of sun protective measure.

CONCLUSION

The population studied, similar to that in other regions of Brazil and the world, is aware of the risks of excessive sun exposure and skin cancer prevention, but has not yet incorporated appropriate sun protection measures into their daily habits.

Knowledge, attitudes and practices about sun exposure and photoprotection in outpatients attending dermatology clinics at four hospitals in Lima, Peru

BACKGROUND

To establish the knowledge, about sun exposure and photoprotection in outpatients treated at the dermatology clinics in four hospitals in Lima, Peru.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

A cross-sectional study was conducted involving a sample of 364 patients selected using a systematic random sampling process in the four participating hospitals. The selected patients were interviewed to determine their knowledge, behavior and practices in relation to sun exposure and photoprotection. The chi-square test was used to identify any significant differences between knowledge and practices.

RESULTS

The mean age of the patients in this sample was 45.1 ± 21.4 years. Of the 364 patients, 55.9% were women and 54.8% had skin phototype IV. The principal risks related to sun exposure were skin cancer (80.5%) and sunburn (77.8%). Knowledge regarding sun protection was more evident in individuals with university/college education (p<0.001). In addition, 78.9% of the individuals reported that they knew about photo-protectors and 52.3% stated that they used them regularly. In general, women were more knowledgeable regarding sun protection (p=0.001). Of the total number of users of photoprotection, 38.4% used these products daily, while 61.6% used them only occasionally. The use of photo-protectors differed significantly in accordance with the individual's education level (p<0.001). In the majority of cases there was a statistically significant difference between knowledge and practice with respect to solar protection.

CONCLUSIONS

The level of awareness of the outpatients treated at the dermatology clinics in these four hospitals in Lima, Peru about the risks of sun exposure is acceptable; however, a large proportion fail to incorporate regular solar protection as a practice in their daily life.

Adolescent attitudes towards tanning: does age matter?

Adolescents seem to be obsessed with tanning. One third of both adolescents and adults report sunbathing. On average, about 20% of adolescents report ever-using of artificial UV tanning devices with 15% currently using them. Tanning attitudes appear similar for adolescents and adults. The top three reasons for tanning included beliefs that a tan makes them more comfortable socializing with friends, looks better and is attractive. The top reason for using artificial UV tanning devices is also aesthetics, followed by relaxation. Other reasons for using artificial UV tanning devices include vacation preparation and to gain a protective base. Attitudes related to appearance that result in more frequent tanning may be difficult to change.

Avaliação dos hábitos de exposição ao sol e de fotoproteção dos universitários da Região Metropolitana de Porto Alegre, RS

FUNDAMENTOS: Sabe-se que a mudança de hábito da população mundial com relação à exposição ao sol provocou aumento da incidência de câncer da pele nas últimas décadas. Tais informações são especialmente relevantes na Região Sul, na qual há maior prevalência da população branca, mais propensa aos danos solares, em comparação ao restante do Brasil. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar os hábitos de exposição ao sol e de fotoproteção dos universitários da Região Metropolitana de Porto Alegre no período de julho a setembro de 2001. MÉTODOS: Foram respondidos 1.030 questionários por universitários residentes na Região Metropolitana de Porto Alegre. RESULTADOS: Nos finais de semana, 38,4% dos estudantes permanecem ao sol entre duas e seis horas diárias. Durante o verão, 43,7% deles se expõem ao sol entre as 10 e as 15h; 85% dos estudantes afirmam usar filtro solar, mas 65% não o usam ao praticar esportes ao ar livre. CONCLUSÕES: Os autores observaram que a maioria dos universitários se expõe excessivamente ao sol, em horários impróprios e sem efetiva proteção solar.

Double exposure: natural and artificial ultraviolet radiation exposure in beachgoers

BACKGROUND

Although the beach is a high-risk environment for ultraviolet light exposure and subsequent skin damage, little is known about beachgoer tanning habits outside the beach setting. Our purpose was to evaluate indoor tanning and additional, nonbeach sunlight exposure in a beachgoing population.

METHODS

We conducted an epidemiologic survey.

RESULTS

There was more use of indoor tanning salons among sunbathing beachgoers who applied little or no skin protection from the sun (50.8% [31 of 61 respondents]) compared with nonsunbathing beachgoers (22.7% [5 of 22 respondents]). In addition to increased use of tanning salons, we observed that poorly protected sunbathers tanned at locations other than the beach on a regular basis (50.8% [31 of 61 respondents]) more than nonsunbathers did (9.1% [2 of 22 respondents]).

CONCLUSION

Beachgoing sunbathers often used both natural sunlight and tanning beds, subjecting themselves to two forms of ultraviolet radiation exposure.