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Li J, Ma S, Jia X, Bu Y, Zhou T, Zhang L, Qiu M, Wang X. Rivaroxaban in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysm and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein elevation (BANBOO): study protocol for a randomized, controlled trial. Trials 2023; 24:419. [PMID: 37337298 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-023-07461-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a fatal disease due to the tendency to rupture. The drug treatment for small AAA without surgical indications has been controversial. Previous studies showed that high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) had become a potential biomarker of the disease, and the anti-inflammatory effect of rivaroxaban for AAA had been well established. Thus, we hypothesized that rivaroxaban could control the progression of AAA in patients with hs-CRP elevation. METHODS The study is a prospective, open-label, randomized, controlled clinical trial. Sixty subjects are recruited from the General Hospital of Northern Theatre Command of China. Subjects are randomly assigned (1:1) to the intervention arm (rivaroxaban) or control arm (aspirin). The primary efficacy outcome is the level of serum hs-CRP at 6 months. The secondary outcomes include imaging examination (the maximal diameter of AAA, the maximal thickness of mural thrombus, and the length of aneurysm), major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE, including AAA transformation, non-fatal myocardial infarction, acute congestive heart failure, stent thrombosis, ischemia-driven target vessel revascularization, vascular amputation, stroke, cardiovascular death, and all-cause death), and other laboratory tests (troponin T, interleukin 6, D-dimer, and coagulation function). DISCUSSION The BANBOO trial tested the effect of rivaroxaban on the progression of AAA in patients with elevated Hs-CRP for the first time. TRIAL REGISTRATION ChiCTR2100051990, ClinicalTrials.gov, registered on 12 October 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyuan Li
- College of Life Science and Biopharmaceutical, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, China
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theatre Command, Liaoning, 110016, Shenyang, China
| | - Sicong Ma
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theatre Command, Liaoning, 110016, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiu Jia
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theatre Command, Liaoning, 110016, Shenyang, China
| | - Yingzhen Bu
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theatre Command, Liaoning, 110016, Shenyang, China
| | - Tienan Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theatre Command, Liaoning, 110016, Shenyang, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theatre Command, Liaoning, 110016, Shenyang, China
| | - Miaohan Qiu
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theatre Command, Liaoning, 110016, Shenyang, China
| | - Xiaozeng Wang
- College of Life Science and Biopharmaceutical, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road, Shenhe District, Shenyang, 110016, Liaoning, China.
- Department of Cardiology, General Hospital of Northern Theatre Command, Liaoning, 110016, Shenyang, China.
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2
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Schiffer S, Schwers S, Heitmeier S. The effect of rivaroxaban on biomarkers in blood and plasma: a review of preclinical and clinical evidence. J Thromb Thrombolysis 2023; 55:449-463. [PMID: 36746885 PMCID: PMC10110699 DOI: 10.1007/s11239-023-02776-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Rivaroxaban is a direct, oral factor Xa inhibitor that is used for the prevention and treatment of various thromboembolic disorders. Several preclinical and clinical studies have utilized specific molecules as biomarkers to investigate the potential role of rivaroxaban beyond its anticoagulant activity and across a range of biological processes. The aim of this review is to summarize the existing evidence regarding the use of blood-based biomarkers to characterize the effects of rivaroxaban on coagulation and other pathways, including platelet activation, inflammation and endothelial effects. After a literature search using PubMed, almost 100 preclinical and clinical studies were identified that investigated the effects of rivaroxaban using molecular biomarkers. In agreement with the preclinical data, clinical studies reported a trend for reduction in the blood concentrations of D-dimers, thrombin-antithrombin complex and prothrombin fragment 1 + 2 following treatment with rivaroxaban in both healthy individuals and those with various chronic conditions. Preclinical and also some clinical studies have also reported a potential impact of rivaroxaban on the concentrations of platelet activation biomarkers (von Willebrand factor, P-selectin and thrombomodulin), endothelial activation biomarkers (matrix metalloproteinase-9, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1) and inflammation biomarkers (interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1). Based on the results of biomarker studies, molecular biomarkers can be used in addition to traditional coagulation assays to increase the understanding of the anticoagulation effects of rivaroxaban. Moreover, there is preliminary evidence to suggest that rivaroxaban may have an impact on the biological pathways of platelet activation, endothelial activation and inflammation; however, owing to paucity of clinical data to investigate the trends reported in preclinical studies, further investigation is required to clarify these observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Schiffer
- Bayer AG, Pharmaceuticals, R&D, 42113 Wuppertal, Germany
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3
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Dong SJ, Luo CY, Xiao CL, Zhang FZ, Li L, Han ZL, Zhai SD. Efficacy and Safety Profile of Novel Oral Anticoagulants in the Treatment of Left Atrial Thrombosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Curr Ther Res Clin Exp 2022; 96:100670. [PMID: 35515958 PMCID: PMC9062445 DOI: 10.1016/j.curtheres.2022.100670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The presence of left atrial/left atrial appendage thrombosis is associated with a higher risk of thromboembolic events in patients with atrial fibrillation. The optimal antithrombotic strategy is not established to date. Objective Our aim was to compare the efficacy and safety profile of novel oral anticoagulants with warfarin in the treatment of left atrial/left atrial appendage thrombosis. Methods We conducted a systematic search in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials.gov, and 3 Chinese databases for all randomized controlled trials and cohort studies (PROSPERO, CRD42021238952) from inception to 7 May 2021. Two authors independently performed the articles selection, data extraction, and quality assessment. The efficacy outcome was the resolution of left atrial/left atrial appendage thrombosis, and the safety outcomes were bleeding and stroke/transient ischemic attack. Results One randomized controlled trial and 5 cohort studies were included, with a total of 353 patients. Compared with warfarin, novel oral anticoagulants were associated with increased probability of left atrial/left atrial appendage thrombosis resolution (OR = 2.20; 95% CI, 1.35–3.60; I2 = 0%). Compared with warfarin, novel oral anticoagulants had a similar risk of bleeding (OR = 0.91; 95% CI, 0.39–2.13; I2 = 0%). There was no evidence of increased risk of stroke/transient ischemic attack (OR = 0.42; 95% CI, 0.12–1.45; I2 = 0%). Conclusions Novel oral anticoagulants were more effective than warfarin in promoting the resolution of left atrial/left atrial appendage thrombosis, without increased risks of bleeding and stroke/transient ischemic attack. Our study provides valuable insight into clinical practice. Further well-designed randomized controlled trials are needed to fully evaluate the benefits and risks in these patients. PROSPERO Registration No.: CRD42021238952.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Jie Dong
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Cong-Yan Luo
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Karamay Second People's Hospital, Karamay, China
| | - Cui-Lan Xiao
- Department of Pharmacy, Karamay Second People's Hospital, Karamay, China
| | - Feng-Zhe Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Cardiology and Institute of Vascular Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhong-Ling Han
- Department of Pharmacy, Beijing Road Medical Area of Xinjiang Military Region General Hospital, Urumqi, China
| | - Suo-Di Zhai
- Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China
- Address correspondence to: Suo-Di Zhai, BSc, Department of Pharmacy, Peking University Third Hospital, No. 49 N Garden Rd, Haidian District, Beijing, China.
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4
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Yang Q, Lang X, Quan X, Gong Z, Liang Y. Different Oral Antithrombotic Therapy for the Treatment of Ventricular Thrombus: An Observational Study from 2010 to 2019. Int J Clin Pract 2022; 2022:7400860. [PMID: 35685496 PMCID: PMC9159124 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7400860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
METHODS This retrospective observational study was conducted from 2010 to 2019 in National Center of Cardiovascular Diseases of China. We included patients with VT confirmed by imaging. The primary outcome was the rate of thrombus resolution. Hazard ratio (HR) was calculated with or without adjustment for covariates using Cox proportional hazards regression models. RESULTS 463 patients were included. 43.0% received VKAs, 16.6% received NOACs, and 40.4% received APT. Over a median of 468 days' follow-up, NOACs group was more likely to have the thrombus resolved within 12 months' follow-up than VKAs (HR 2.28, 95% CI 1.57 to 3.31) or APT (HR 2.92, 95% CI 1.97 to 4.33). After adjustment for baseline variables, the significance remained in the comparison of NOACs versus VKAs (HR 2.13, 95% CI 1.41 to 3.22) as well as NOACs versus APT (HR 2.55, 95% CI 1.53 to 4.27). No significant differences were identified in bleeding rate, thromboembolism rate, or all-cause death in 12 months' follow-up. CONCLUSION Our findings showed that patients who were male, diagnosed with MI with or without ventricular aneurysm, or diagnosed with coronary artery diseases medical history had a risk of thrombus unresolved. Patients with NOACs had a higher resolution and a similar safety profile comparing VKAs or APT, which persisted after adjusting for other factors. Large randomized controlled trials are required urgently. This trial is registered with NCT05006677.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Yang
- Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, No. 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Xinyue Lang
- Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, No. 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, China
- Medical Research & Biometrics Center, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 102300, China
| | - Xin Quan
- Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, No. 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Zebin Gong
- Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, No. 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, China
| | - Yan Liang
- Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, No. 167 Beilishi Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100037, China
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5
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Mourikis P, Dannenberg L, Zako S, Helten C, M'Pembele R, Richter H, Hohlfeld T, Jung C, Zeus T, Kelm M, Veulemans V, Polzin A. Impact of Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation on Thrombin Generation and Platelet Function. Thromb Haemost 2021; 121:1310-1316. [PMID: 33759144 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1725190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is an evolving treatment of severe aortic valve stenosis. However, thromboembolic events such as stroke are common, predominantly early after TAVI. Optimal periprocedural antithrombotic regime is unknown. Especially, as antithrombotic medication enhances bleeding risk, thrombin generation and platelet function are crucial in the pathogenesis of ischemic events. However, the impact of the TAVI procedure on thrombin formation and platelet reactivity is not known by now. METHODS We evaluated thrombin levels using thrombin-antithrombin (TAT) complexes and prothrombin fragments (PTFs) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Furthermore, platelet reactivity was measured via light transmission aggregometry before and 2 hours after TAVI in 198 patients. RESULTS TAT complexes and PTF F1 + 2 substantially increased during TAVI. Postprocedurally, TAT complexes and PTF were significantly higher after TAVI compared with percutaneous coronary intervention due to acute myocardial infarction, while preprocedural TAT complexes and PTF F1 + 2 did not differ. In contrast, platelet reactivity was not altered early after TAVI. Only adenosine diphosphate-induced aggregation was reduced, reflecting preprocedural loading with clopidogrel. CONCLUSION In this pilot study, we were able to demonstrate that thrombin generation is significantly increased early after TAVI, while platelet function is not affected. Increased thrombin concentrations may contribute to the high risk of postprocedural thromboembolic events. This leads to the hypothesis that extended peri-interventional anticoagulation early after TAVI may be an approach to reduce thromboembolic events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Mourikis
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Medical Center Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Lisa Dannenberg
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Medical Center Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Saif Zako
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Medical Center Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Carolin Helten
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Medical Center Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - René M'Pembele
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Medical Center Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Hannah Richter
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Medical Center Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Thomas Hohlfeld
- Institute for Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology, Heinrich Heine University, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Christian Jung
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Medical Center Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Tobias Zeus
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Medical Center Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Malte Kelm
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Medical Center Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Verena Veulemans
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Medical Center Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
| | - Amin Polzin
- Division of Cardiology, Pulmonology, and Vascular Medicine, Heinrich Heine University Medical Center Dusseldorf, Dusseldorf, Germany
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6
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Gris JC, Monneuse JM, Borderie L, Metton I, Lavigne G, Skorski G, Winum P, Granier M, Cayla G. Plasma proteomic changes in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation starting rivaroxaban treatment: A pilot study. Thrombosis Update 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tru.2021.100040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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7
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph R Sinning
- Department of Cardiology, University Heart & Vascular Center Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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8
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Zhang XX, Wei M, Shang LX, Lu YM, Zhang L, Li YD, Zhang JH, Xing Q, Tu-Erhong ZK, Tang BP, Zhou XH. LDL-C/HDL-C is associated with ischaemic stroke in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation: a case-control study. Lipids Health Dis 2020; 19:217. [PMID: 33028331 PMCID: PMC7542146 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-020-01392-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study explored the relationships between the low-/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (LDL-C/HDL-C) and other clinical indicators and ischaemic stroke (IS) in patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) in Xinjiang. The findings could provide a theoretical and therapeutic basis for NVAF patients. METHODS NVAF patients who were admitted to 10 medical centres across Xinjiang were divided into stroke (798 patients) and control (2671 patients) groups according to the occurrence of first acute IS. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used to examine the independent risk factors for IS in NVAF patients. Factor analysis and principal component regression analysis were used to analyse the main factors influencing IS. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was used to evaluate the discriminatory ability of LDL-C/HDL-C for predicting the occurrence of IS. RESULTS The stroke group had an average age of 71.64 ± 9.96 years and included 305 females (38.22%). The control group had a mean age of 67.30 ± 12.01 years and included 825 females (30.89%). Multivariate logistic regression showed that the risk of IS in the highest LDL-C/HDL-C quartile (≥2.73) was 16.23-fold that of the lowest quartile (< 1.22); IS risk was 2.27-fold higher in obese patients than in normal-weight subjects; IS risk was 3.15-fold higher in smoking patients than in non-smoking patients. The area under the ROC curve of LDL-C/HDL-C was 0.76, the optimal critical value was 2.33, the sensitivity was 63.53%, and the specificity was 76.34%. Principal component regression analysis showed that LDL-C/HDL-C, age, smoking, drinking, LDL-C and hypertension were risk factors for IS in NVAF patients. CONCLUSIONS LDL-C/HDL-C > 1.22, smoking, BMI ≥24 kg/m2 and CHA2DS2-VASc score were independent risk factors for IS in NVAF patients; LDL-C/HDL-C was the main risk factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xue Zhang
- Department of Cardiac Pacing and Electrophysiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137, Liyushan Road, Urumqi, 830054, P R China.,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Remodeling, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, P R China
| | - Meng Wei
- Department of Cardiac Pacing and Electrophysiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137, Liyushan Road, Urumqi, 830054, P R China.,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Remodeling, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, P R China
| | - Lu-Xiang Shang
- Department of Cardiac Pacing and Electrophysiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137, Liyushan Road, Urumqi, 830054, P R China.,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Remodeling, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, P R China
| | - Yan-Mei Lu
- Department of Cardiac Pacing and Electrophysiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137, Liyushan Road, Urumqi, 830054, P R China.,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Remodeling, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, P R China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Department of Cardiac Pacing and Electrophysiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137, Liyushan Road, Urumqi, 830054, P R China.,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Remodeling, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, P R China
| | - Yao-Dong Li
- Department of Cardiac Pacing and Electrophysiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137, Liyushan Road, Urumqi, 830054, P R China.,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Remodeling, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, P R China
| | - Jiang-Hua Zhang
- Department of Cardiac Pacing and Electrophysiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137, Liyushan Road, Urumqi, 830054, P R China.,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Remodeling, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, P R China
| | - Qiang Xing
- Department of Cardiac Pacing and Electrophysiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137, Liyushan Road, Urumqi, 830054, P R China.,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Remodeling, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, P R China
| | - Zu Kela Tu-Erhong
- Department of Cardiac Pacing and Electrophysiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137, Liyushan Road, Urumqi, 830054, P R China.,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Remodeling, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, P R China
| | - Bao-Peng Tang
- Department of Cardiac Pacing and Electrophysiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137, Liyushan Road, Urumqi, 830054, P R China. .,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Remodeling, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, P R China.
| | - Xian-Hui Zhou
- Department of Cardiac Pacing and Electrophysiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, No. 137, Liyushan Road, Urumqi, 830054, P R China. .,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Cardiac Electrophysiology and Remodeling, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, 830054, P R China.
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Kirchhof P, Ezekowitz MD, Purmah Y, Schiffer S, Meng IL, Camm AJ, Hohnloser SH, Schulz A, Wosnitza M, Cappato R. Effects of Rivaroxaban on Biomarkers of Coagulation and Inflammation: A Post Hoc Analysis of the X-VeRT Trial. TH Open 2020; 4:e20-e32. [PMID: 31984306 PMCID: PMC6978177 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1701206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction
This X-VeRT (eXplore the efficacy and safety of once-daily oral riVaroxaban for the prevention of caRdiovascular events in patients with nonvalvular aTrial fibrillation scheduled for cardioversion) substudy evaluated the effects of treatment with rivaroxaban or a vitamin-K antagonist (VKA) on levels of biomarkers of coagulation (D-dimer, thrombin–antithrombin III complex [TAT] and prothrombin fragment [F1.2]) and inflammation (high sensitivity C-reactive protein [hs-CRP] and high-sensitivity interleukin-6 [hs-IL-6]) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) who were scheduled for cardioversion and had not received adequate anticoagulation at baseline (defined as, in the 21 days before randomization: no oral anticoagulant; international normalized ratio <2.0 with VKA treatment; or <80% compliance with non-VKA oral anticoagulant treatment).
Methods
Samples for biomarker analysis were taken at baseline (
n
= 958) and treatment completion (42 days after cardioversion;
n
= 918). The influence of clinical characteristics on baseline biomarker levels and the effect of treatment on changes in biomarker levels were evaluated using linear and logistic models.
Results
Baseline levels of some biomarkers were significantly associated with type of AF (D-dimer and hs-IL-6) and with history of congestive heart failure (hs-CRP, D-dimer, and hs-IL-6). Rivaroxaban and VKA treatments were associated with reductions from baseline in levels of D-dimer (−32.3 and −37.6%, respectively), TAT (−28.0 and −23.1%, respectively), hs-CRP (−12.5 and −17.9%, respectively), and hs-IL-6 (−9.2 and −9.8%, respectively). F1.2 levels were reduced from baseline in patients receiving a VKA (−53.0%) but not in those receiving rivaroxaban (2.7%).
Conclusion
Anticoagulation with rivaroxaban reduced levels of key inflammation and coagulation biomarkers to a similar extent as VKAs, with the exception of F1.2. Further investigation to confirm the value of these biomarkers in patients with AF is merited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulus Kirchhof
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust and University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom.,Department of Cardiology, University Heart Center Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael D Ezekowitz
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Sidney Kimmel Medical College, Thomas Jefferson University, and the Lankenau Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Yanish Purmah
- Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Birmingham, Sandwell and West Birmingham Hospitals NHS Trust and University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Sonja Schiffer
- Translational Medicine, Global R&D, Bayer AG, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Isabelle L Meng
- Therapeutic Area Cardiovascular, Global Medical Affairs, Bayer AG, Berlin, Germany
| | - A John Camm
- Division of Clinical Sciences, St George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Stefan H Hohnloser
- Division of Clinical Electrophysiology, Department of Cardiology, J. W. Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Anke Schulz
- Clinical Statistics EU, Global Clinical Development, Research and Clinical Sciences Statistics, Bayer AG, Berlin, Germany
| | - Melanie Wosnitza
- Therapeutic Area Cardiovascular, Global Medical Affairs, Bayer AG, Berlin, Germany
| | - Riccardo Cappato
- Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology Research Center, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center, Rozzano, Italy
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10
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Lavalle C, Straito M, Caroli A, Piro A, Giunta G, Mariani MV, Fedele F. Rivaroxaban in atrial fibrillation cardioversion: an update. Ther Clin Risk Manag 2019; 15:613-626. [PMID: 31118649 PMCID: PMC6504667 DOI: 10.2147/tcrm.s201162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia, with a prevalence of about 2–3% in the general population, representing a powerful risk factor for stroke and systemic thromboembolism and increased mortality and morbidity. Restoration of sinus rhythm is an important treatment option in AF and has a high success rate, but there is the need for an effective anticoagulation strategy to reduce the risk of embolic events. Anticoagulation with vitamin K antagonists is often associated with failure to achieving effective international normalized ratio. In this setting, recent data have led to extended approval for rivaroxaban in clinical practice, because it is effective and safe in patients with AF undergoing cardioversion, avoiding additional health costs and related time loss, while improving patient satisfaction. The present report provides an overview of the main randomized controlled trial and the main real-life studies, documenting the use of rivaroxaban in patients with non-valvular AF who underwent the cardioversion procedure. Considering that novel non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants in left atrial appendage thrombi resolution is still unknown in the real-world practice, the main findings on the use of rivaroxaban in this setting are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Lavalle
- Department of Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Nephrological, Anesthesiological and Geriatric Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Straito
- Department of Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Nephrological, Anesthesiological and Geriatric Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Annalisa Caroli
- Department of Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Nephrological, Anesthesiological and Geriatric Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Agostino Piro
- Department of Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Nephrological, Anesthesiological and Geriatric Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Giunta
- Department of Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Nephrological, Anesthesiological and Geriatric Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Marco Valerio Mariani
- Department of Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Nephrological, Anesthesiological and Geriatric Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Fedele
- Department of Cardiovascular, Respiratory, Nephrological, Anesthesiological and Geriatric Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy
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