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Bleu J, Agostini S, Angelier F, Biard C. Experimental increase in temperature affects eggshell thickness, and not egg mass, eggshell spottiness or egg composition in the great tit (Parus major). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2019; 275:73-81. [PMID: 30735670 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2019.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2018] [Revised: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Phenotypic effects of global warming have been documented in many different taxa. However, the importance of transgenerational phenotypic plasticity in these adaptations are seldom studied. In birds, temperature could affect egg characteristics. Higher temperatures during egg-laying may reduce maintenance costs for females and allow a higher investment in reproduction. Yet, females may also use temperatures as a cue for the risk of mismatch latter in the season. Thus, higher temperatures may be correlated to an acceleration of embryonic development (e.g. via hormonal manipulation). We performed an experiment in which night-time temperature was increased in the nestbox by approximately 1 °C throughout the entire laying period in great tits (Parus major). We collected one pre-treatment egg (beginning of the laying sequence) and one post-treatment egg (end of the laying sequence). Egg content (yolk androgens and lysozymes in the albumen), eggshell coloration, eggshell mass, egg mass, and shape were not affected by the treatment. However, last-laid eggs in clutches from control nestboxes had a thicker eggshell than last-laid eggs from heated nestboxes, suggesting a putative slight decrease of maternal investment with the experimental increase of temperature. We also observed effects of the laying sequence on egg characteristics. Eggs that were laid late in the laying sequence were heavier, larger, had larger spots and higher yolk androgens than eggs laid earlier. Lysozyme concentration decrease with the laying sequence in late clutches only. Thus, effects of temperature may also change with the laying sequence and it would be interesting in the future to tests the effects on first-laid eggs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josefa Bleu
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IPHC, UMR 7178, F-67000 Strasbourg, France.
| | - Simon Agostini
- CEREEP-Ecotron Ile-de-France, UMS 3194, École Normale Supérieure, St-Pierre-les-Nemours, France
| | - Frédéric Angelier
- Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé (CEBC), UMR 7372 - CNRS & Université de la Rochelle, 79360 Villiers-en-Bois, France
| | - Clotilde Biard
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC, CNRS, INRA, IRD, Université Paris Diderot, Université Paris-Est Créteil, UMR 7618, Institute of Ecology and Environmental Sciences, 75005 Paris, France
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Bleu J, Agostini S, Biard C. Nest-box temperature affects clutch size, incubation initiation, and nestling health in great tits. Behav Ecol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/beheco/arx039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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Poisbleau M, Dehnhard N, Demongin L, Quillfeldt P, Eens M. Two eggs, two different constraints: a potential explanation for the puzzling intraclutch egg size dimorphism in Eudyptes penguins. Ecol Evol 2015; 5:2827-38. [PMID: 26306169 PMCID: PMC4541988 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.1543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2015] [Revised: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenotypic plasticity and phenotypic stability are major components of the adaptive evolution of organisms to environmental variation. The invariant two-egg clutch size of Eudyptes penguins has recently been proposed to be a unique example of a maladaptive phenotypic stability, while their egg mass is a plastic trait. We tested whether this phenotypic plasticity during reproduction might result from constraints imposed by migration (migratory carry-over effect) and breeding (due to the depletion of female body reserves). For the first time, we examined whether these constraints differ between eggs within clutches and between egg components (yolk and albumen). The interval between colony return and clutch initiation positively influenced the yolk mass, the albumen mass, and the subsequent total egg mass of first-laid eggs. This time interval had only a slight negative influence on the yolk mass of second-laid eggs and no influence on their albumen and subsequent total masses. For both eggs, female body mass at laying positively influenced albumen and total egg masses. Female investment into the entire clutch was not related to the time in the colony before laying but increased with female body mass. These novel results suggest that the unique intraclutch egg size dimorphism exhibited in Eudyptes penguins, with first-laid eggs being consistently smaller than second-laid eggs, might be due to a combination of constraints: a migratory carry-over effect on the first-laid egg and a body reserve depletion effect on the second-laid egg. Both these constraints might explain why the timing of reproduction, especially egg formation, is narrow in migratory capital breeders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maud Poisbleau
- Department of Biology - Ethology, University of Antwerp Campus Drie Eiken, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium ; Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Department of Migration and Immuno-Ecology, Am Obstberg 1 78315, Radolfzell, Germany ; Department of Biology, University of Konstanz 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Nina Dehnhard
- Department of Biology - Ethology, University of Antwerp Campus Drie Eiken, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium ; Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Department of Migration and Immuno-Ecology, Am Obstberg 1 78315, Radolfzell, Germany ; Department of Biology, University of Konstanz 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Laurent Demongin
- Department of Biology - Ethology, University of Antwerp Campus Drie Eiken, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
| | - Petra Quillfeldt
- Max Planck Institute for Ornithology, Department of Migration and Immuno-Ecology, Am Obstberg 1 78315, Radolfzell, Germany ; Department of Biology, University of Konstanz 78457, Konstanz, Germany ; Department of Animal Ecology & Systematics, Justus-Liebig University Gießen Heinrich-Buff-Ring 38, 35392, Gießen, Germany
| | - Marcel Eens
- Department of Biology - Ethology, University of Antwerp Campus Drie Eiken, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Cucco
- DISIT; University of Piemonte Orientale; Alessandria; Italy
| | - M. Grenna
- DISIT; University of Piemonte Orientale; Alessandria; Italy
| | - G. Malacarne
- DISIT; University of Piemonte Orientale; Alessandria; Italy
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Cucco M, Grenna M, Pellegrino I, Malacarne G. Egg-sequence rather than mating preference influences female egg investment in the red-legged partridge. ETHOL ECOL EVOL 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/03949370.2011.584565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Abstract
As maintenance of the immune system is energetically costly and resource-limited, trade-offs among immune function, body condition, and reproductive allocation are expected. In this study, we experimentally test the possible trade-off between immune response, self maintenance, and reproductive output in breeding grey partridges Perdix perdix. Before laying, half the females were immune challenged with a novel antigen vaccine (Newcastle disease virus, NDV). The challenged females showed a higher erythrosedimentation rate, a serum parameter related to worsened health conditions, but their cell-mediated immune reaction (PHA test) did not differ from that of controls. The NDV-treated females laid smaller eggs (mass, length, and breadth), while the concentrations of antibacterial substances (lysozyme and avidin, two enzymes that confer innate antibacterial immunity) were unrelated to the hen's immune challenge. Our study suggests that an immune challenge can have physiological consequences in terms of self-maintenance and reproductive allocation to the egg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Cucco
- University of Piemonte Orientale, DiSAV, Alessandria, Italy.
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