Chain terpenoids isolated from cultures of basidiomycete Phellinus sp

Phellintremulins A-C, antinociceptive sesquiterpenoids from the medicinal fungus Phellinus tremulae

Phellintremulin A (1), a rearranged sesquiterpenoid with an unprecedented bicyclic backbone, and two previously unreported illudane-type sesquiterpenoids, namely phellintremulin B (2) and phellintremulin C (3), together with two known analogues (±)‒4 and (±)‒5, were isolated from cultures of the medicinal fungus Phellinus tremulae. Their structures and absolute configurations were established by means of spectroscopic data and HRESIMS analyses, as well as ECD and NMR calculations. A plausible biogenesis for 1 was discussed. The electrophysiological experiments showed that phellintremulins (A‒C) can inhibit Nav current in DRG neuron cells at 10 μM, with percentage inhibitions of 23.2%, 49.3%, and 31.7%, respectively. The antinociceptive activities of phellintremulins (A‒C) were evaluated via the acetic acid-induced writhing test in mice at a dose of 3 mg/kg. They showed significant antinociceptive effects with percentages of inhibition of 43.8%, 54.4%, and 50.6%, respectively, and phellintremulin B and C expressed more potent analgesic effect than lidocaine.

The phytochemistry and pharmacology of medicinal fungi of the genus Phellinus: a review

Phellinus Quél is one of the largest genera of Hymenochaetaceae, which is comprised of about 220 species. Most Phellinus macro-fungi are perennial lignicolous mushrooms, which are widely distributed on Earth. Some Phellinus fungi are historically recorded as traditional medicines used to treat various diseases in eastern Asian countries, especially China, Japan and Korean. Previous phytochemical studies have revealed that Phellinus fungi produce diverse secondary metabolites, which mainly contain polysaccharides, flavones, coumarins, terpenes, steroids, and styrylpyranones. Pharmacological documents have demonstrated that Phellinus mushrooms and their compounds have a variety of bioactivities, such as anti-tumor, immunomodulation, anti-oxidative and anti-inflammation, anti-diabetes, neuro-protection, and anti-viral effects. This review surveys the literature reporting the isolation, characterization, and bioactivities of secondary metabolites from the fungi of the genus Phellinus, focusing on studies published in the literature up to April 2020. Herein, a total of more than 300 compounds from 13 Phellinus species and their isolation, characterization, chemistry, pharmacological activities, and relevant molecular mechanisms are comprehensively summarized.

Chemical Constituents and Their Bioactivities of Mushroom Phellinus rhabarbarinus

Phellinus rhabarbarinus soaked in wine has folk usages by local residents of Ailao mountain of Yunnan province, China, which were to daub the wound to prevent infection and to drink to enhance immunity and treat other diseases such as cough, gastritis, and cancer. Systemic investigation on the chemical constituents of fruiting bodies of P. rhabarbarinus resulted in the isolation of 11 lanostane triterpenoids (1-10) including three new ones, namely, phellibarins A-C (1-3), together with five ergosterols (11-15). This is the first time reporting secondary metabolites of P. rhabarbarinus. Compounds 2, 3, 7, and 8 showed inhibitory activities against nitric oxide (NO) production in LPS-activated RAW264.7 macrophages, whereas compounds 2-4, 6, 7, and 10 exhibited cytotoxicities against human cancer cell lines. The results of this assessment suggested that the lanostane triterpenoids in fruiting bodies of P. rhabarbarinus played key roles in its folk usages.