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Papapetrou P, Dimitriadis K, Galani V, Zoi V, Giannakopoulou M, Papathanasopoulou VA, Sioka C, Tsekeris P, Kyritsis AP, Lazari D, Alexiou GA. Antitumor activity of 5-hydroxy-3',4',6,7-tetramethoxyflavone in glioblastoma cell lines and its antagonism with radiotherapy. Biomol Concepts 2024; 15:bmc-2022-0039. [PMID: 38345457 DOI: 10.1515/bmc-2022-0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
5-Hydroxy-3',4',6,7-tetramethoxyflavone (TMF) is a plant-origin flavone known for its anti-cancer properties. In the present study, the cytotoxic effect of TMF was evaluated in the U87MG and T98G glioblastoma (GBM) cell lines. The effect of TMF on cell viability was assessed with trypan blue exclusion assay and crystal violet staining. In addition, flow cytometry was performed to examine its effect on the different phases of the cell cycle, and in vitro scratch wound assay assessed the migratory capacity of the treated cells. Furthermore, the effect of in vitro radiotherapy was also evaluated with a combination of TMF and radiation. In both cell lines, TMF treatment resulted in G0/G1 cell cycle arrest, reduced cell viability, and reduced cell migratory capacity. In contrast, there was an antagonistic property of TMF treatment with radiotherapy. These results demonstrated the antineoplastic effect of TMF in GBM cells in vitro, but the antagonistic effect with radiotherapy indicated that TMF should be further evaluated for its possible antitumor role post-radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kyriakos Dimitriadis
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Galani
- Department of Anatomy Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Vasiliki Zoi
- Neurosurgical Institute, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | | | | | - Chrissa Sioka
- Neurosurgical Institute, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Pericles Tsekeris
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | | | - Diamanto Lazari
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - George A Alexiou
- Neurosurgical Institute, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
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Mickymaray S, Al Aboody MS, Eraqi MM, Alhoqail WA, Alothaim AS, Suresh K, Arulselvan P. Chitosan-encapsulated nickel oxide, tin dioxide, and farnesol nanoparticles: Antimicrobial and anticancer properties in breast cancer cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 248:125799. [PMID: 37451381 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most frequent cancer in women; however, it is curable in most cases (up to 80 %) when detected and treated at an early non-metastatic stage. Nanotechnology has led to the development of potential chemotherapeutic techniques, particularly for tumor treatment. Nanotechnology has therapeutic and pharmaceutical applications. Chitosan, a natural polymer derived from chitin, has been extensively studied for its potential applications in a wide range of fields. This includes medicine for its anticancer properties. In the present study, Chitosan-encapsulated-NiO-TiO2-Farnesol hybrid nanomaterials (CNTF HNMs) were synthesized and characterized using several techniques, including electron microscopy (TEM, FE-SEM), spectroscopy (UV-visible [UV-Vis], Fourier Transform Infrared [FT-IR] spectroscopy, and photoluminescence [PL]), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) composition analysis, X-ray diffraction, and dynamic light scattering (DLS) analyses. With an estimated average crystallite size of 34.8 nm, the face-cantered cubic crystalline structure of the CNTF HNMs is identified. Cell viability assay by MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide), DAPI (4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) staining, dual AO/EtBr (Acridine Orange/ Ethidium bromide), JC-1 (5,5,6,6'-tetrachloro-1,1',3,3' tetraethylbenzimi-dazoylcarbocyanine iodide), DCFH-DA (Dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate), Annexin V-FITC (Fluorescein isothiocyanate) /PI (Propidium Iodide), and cell cycle study was used to assess the ability of nanoparticles (NPs) to kill MDA-MB-231 cells. The CNTF HNMs had high antibacterial effectiveness against multi-drug resistant extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL)-producing gram-negative bacterial pathogens and reference strains. The findings suggest that NPs increased the number of reactive oxygen species (ROS), changed the Δψm, and initiated apoptosis. There is enormous potential for CNTF HNMs as both antibacterial and anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Mickymaray
- Department of Biology, College of Science- Al-Zulfi, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Riyadh Region, Saudi Arabia; Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.
| | - Mohammed Saleh Al Aboody
- Department of Biology, College of Science- Al-Zulfi, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Riyadh Region, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Mostafa M Eraqi
- Department of Biology, College of Science- Al-Zulfi, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Riyadh Region, Saudi Arabia; Microbiology and Immunology Department, Veterinary Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt.
| | - Wardha A Alhoqail
- Department of Biology, College of Education, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Riyadh Region, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdulaziz S Alothaim
- Department of Biology, College of Science- Al-Zulfi, Majmaah University, Majmaah 11952, Riyadh Region, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Kaviya Suresh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Pharmacy, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Porur, Chennai 600 116, India
| | - Palanisamy Arulselvan
- Muthayammal Centre for Advanced Research, Muthayammal College of Arts and Science, Rasipuram, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu 637408, India; Scigen Research and Innovation Pvt. Ltd., Periyar Technology Business Incubator, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
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de Queiroz LN, Da Fonseca ACC, Wermelinger GF, da Silva DPD, Pascoal ACRF, Sawaya ACHF, de Almeida ECP, do Amaral BS, de Lima Moreira D, Robbs BK. New substances of Equisetum hyemale L. extracts and their in vivo antitumoral effect against oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Ethnopharmacol 2023; 303:116043. [PMID: 36535330 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.116043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOBOTANICAL RELEVANCE Equisetum hyemale is used in traditional medicine as an anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, diuretic and anticancer agent. Recent studies have observed antiproliferative activity of this species in some tumor cell lines. AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to evaluate the antiproliferative activity of the ethanol extract of E. hyemale and its partitions in oral squamous carcinoma cell lines, the death pathways induced by the most active partition, the acute toxicity and therapeutic activity, and the identification of the main compounds. MATERIALS AND METHODS The ethanol crude extract was prepared from the stems of E. hyemale and partitions were obtained from this extract with n-hexane, dichloromethane and ethyl acetate. Cytotoxicity assays were performed using MTT on human oral tumor lines SCC-9, SCC4 and SCC-25, and normal primary fibroblasts. The main pathways of programmed cell death were analyzed. Acute toxicity in mice was performed using the most active partition, ethyl acetate. Antitumor activity was accessed in xenotransplants grafts of SCC-9 cells in Balb/nude mice. Phytochemical analysis was performed using UHPLC-MS/MS and dereplication was done using Global Natural Product Social Molecular Networking (GNPS) analysis. RESULTS Ethanol extract, n-hexane and ethyl acetate partitions showed dose-dependent activity and selectivity towards oral tumor cells, with the ethyl acetate being the most bioactive. This medium polarity partition was shown to induce tumor cell death through apoptosis due to the presence of activated caspase 3/7, DNA fragmentation, chromatin condensation and phosphatidylserine exposure. The ethyl acetate partition also produced low toxicity in mice, provoking mild hepatic changes, but without causing necrosis and significantly reduced tumors volume and weight in xenotransplants of SCC-9 cells. Phytochemical analysis allowed identification of kaempferol glycosides and cinnamic acid derivatives previously described for E. hyemale. In addition it was possible to identify 6 new non-glycolyzed flavonoids 5-Hydroxy-3',4',7,8-tetramethoxyflavone (14), 5,4'-Dihydroxy-7,8,3'-trimethoxyflavone (15), 5,7-Dihydroxy-3',4'-dimethoxyflavone (16), 3',4,5,7-Tretramethoxyflavone (17), 5-Hydroxy-3'4',7-trimethoxyflavone (18), and 5,4'-Dihydroxy-3'-7'-dimethoxyflavone (19); besides 5 compounds already determined to be cytotoxic in other species, Isoferulic acid (1), Ferulic acid (2), Atractylenolide III (6), Dihydroxy-3',4'-dimethoxyflavone (16), and 5-Hydroxy-3'4 ',7-trimethoxyflavone (18). CONCLUSION The results indicate that the E. hyemale extract and partitions inhibited 3 different cell lines of OSCC in a highly selective nontoxic way by inducing apoptosis of the cells. We identified 6 new non-glycosylated flavonoids and 5 other substances in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucas Nicolau de Queiroz
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Aplicadas a Produtos para Saúde, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Anna Carolina Carvalho Da Fonseca
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Odontologia, Instituto de Saúde de Nova Friburgo, Universidade Federal Fluminense, CEP 28625-650, Nova Friburgo, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Guilherme Freimann Wermelinger
- Departamento de Ciência Básica, Instituto de Saúde de Nova Friburgo, Universidade Federal Fluminense, CEP 28625-650, Nova Friburgo, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Diego Polo Dutra da Silva
- Departamento de Ciência Básica, Instituto de Saúde de Nova Friburgo, Universidade Federal Fluminense, CEP 28625-650, Nova Friburgo, RJ, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Elan Cardozo Paes de Almeida
- Departamento de Ciência Básica, Instituto de Saúde de Nova Friburgo, Universidade Federal Fluminense, CEP 28625-650, Nova Friburgo, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Bruno Sergio do Amaral
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de São Paulo, São Paulo, CEP 05110-000, Brazil
| | - Davyson de Lima Moreira
- Laboratório de Produtos Naturais, Departamento de Pesquisa, Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, CEP 22460-030, Brazil.
| | - Bruno Kaufmann Robbs
- Departamento de Ciência Básica, Instituto de Saúde de Nova Friburgo, Universidade Federal Fluminense, CEP 28625-650, Nova Friburgo, RJ, Brazil.
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Darwati, Nurlelasari, Mayanti T, Ambardhani N, Kurnia D. Morelloflavone as Potential Anticancer Agent Against MCF-7 Breast
Cancer Cell Lines: In vitro and In silico Studies. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1570180818666210706110538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Background:
Breast cancer is most commonly reported to contribute to people's death. Nowadays,
cancer treatment is focused on investigating anticancer drugs from natural compounds. Various
methods, including in vitro, in vivo, and in silico methods, are used to assess the potential of anticancer
compounds. The efficacy of bioactive compounds from medicinal plant origin lies in their affordability
and minimized side effects. The Garcinia genus contains bioactive compounds, such as xanthones, benzophenones,
triterpenes, biflavonoids, and benzoquinones.
Purpose:
The study aimed at investigating an active compound that can inhibit cancer cell growth and
proteins that contribute to cancer cell growth, such as Caspase-9, TNF-α, ER-α, and HER-2.
Methods:
This study is divided into three steps. The first step is the isolation of the active compound from
G. cymosa. The second step is an assessment of cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 cell by using MTT assay,
and the last one is an investigation of the molecular mechanism of an active compound against
Caspase-9, TNF-α, ER-α, and HER-2 by using in silico studies utilizing various programs, such as PyRx
0.8, PYMOL, and Discovery Studio.
Results:
Morelloflavone from G. cymosa stem barks has exhibited anticancer activity (55.84 μg/mL)
eight times lower than doxorubicin (6.99 μg/mL), but it can block the activity of Caspase-9, TNF-α, ER-
α, and HER-2. The binding affinity of morelloflavone is the strongest of all ligands.
Conclusion:
The natural flavonoid, morelloflavone, may be a new lead candidate for anticancer agent
inhibiting action mechanism of Caspase-9, TNF-α, ER-α, and HER-2, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darwati
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjdjaran, Jatinangor 45363,
Jawa Barat, Indonesia
| | - Nurlelasari
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjdjaran, Jatinangor 45363,
Jawa Barat, Indonesia
| | - Tri Mayanti
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjdjaran, Jatinangor 45363,
Jawa Barat, Indonesia
| | - Nurul Ambardhani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjdjaran, Jatinangor 45363,
Jawa Barat, Indonesia
| | - Dikdik Kurnia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjdjaran, Jatinangor 45363,
Jawa Barat, Indonesia
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Darwati D, Safitri AN, Ambardhani N, Mayanti T, Nurlelasari N, Kurnia D. Effectiveness and Anticancer Activity of a Novel Phenolic Compound from Garcinia porrecta Against the MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cell Line in vitro and in silico. Drug Des Devel Ther 2021; 15:3523-3533. [PMID: 34408404 PMCID: PMC8366943 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s321824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
Background Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, with breast cancer being the most common invasive cancer type in women. Several therapeutic strategies have been explored to reduce the mortality rates of breast cancer. Chemotherapy is the most commonly used systemic treatment, but associated with numerous side-effects. Development of anticancer agents with high efficacy and minimal negative effects is therefore an important focus of research. Natural materials provide an excellent source of bioactive compounds. For instance, Garcinia porrecta from the Clusiaceae family has multiple pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral, anti-HIV, antidepressant, and anticancer properties. Purpose The main objective of this study was to investigate the potential anticancer effects of compounds extracted from the bark of G. porrecta. Materials and Methods Our experiments were divided into three steps: (1) chromatographic isolation of compounds using various separation techniques, such as extraction, separation and purification, (2) characterization via infrared (IR), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectroscopy, and (3) evaluation of anticancer activity in vitro (MTT assay) and in silico (via analysis of molecular docking against caspase-9, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), estrogen receptor alpha (ER-α), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER-2)). Results Depsidone (1) and benzophenone (2) from the ethyl acetate extract of bark of G. porrecta were identified as bioactive components. Examination of the activities of these compounds against MCF-7 cells revealed an IC50 value of 119.3 µg/mL for benzophenone, whereas IC50 for depsidone could not be estimated. Benzophenone activity was lower than that of the positive control doxorubicin (6.9 µg/mL). Depsidone showed the highest binding affinity for HER-2 (−9.2 kcal.mol-1) and benzophenone for ER-α (−8.0 kcal.mol-1). Conclusion Benzophenone displays potency as an anticancer agent through blocking ER-α.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darwati Darwati
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Ayu Nadila Safitri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Nurul Ambardhani
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Tri Mayanti
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Nurlelasari Nurlelasari
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, West Java, Indonesia
| | - Dikdik Kurnia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, West Java, Indonesia
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Sousa AP, Oliveira MS, Fernandes DA, Ferreira MDL, Cordeiro LV, Souza MFV, Fernandes LMD, Souza HDS, Oliveira Filho AA, Pessoa HLF, Sá RCS. In silico, in vitro, and ex vivo studies of the toxicological and pharmacological properties of the flavonoid 5,7-dihydroxy-3,8,4'-trimethoxy. Braz J Med Biol Res 2021; 54:e11203. [PMID: 34406208 PMCID: PMC8373196 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x2021e11203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Phytochemical studies of the species Pavonia glazioviana were performed. Quercetin, kaempferol, acacetin, and trimethoxylated flavonoid compounds (which present biological activity) were isolated. We aimed to evaluate the in silico, in vitro, and ex vivo toxicity of flavonoid 5,7-dihydroxy-3,8,4'-trimethoxy (Pg-1) obtained from P. glazioviana through chemical structure analyses, toxicity assessment, and predictive bioactive properties, using human samples in in vitro tests. In silico analysis suggested that Pg-1 presents a good absorption index for penetrating biological membranes (for oral bioavailability), while also suggesting potential antimutagenic, anticarcinogenic, antioxidant, antineoplastic, anti-inflammatory, anti-hemorrhagic, and apoptosis agonist bioactivities. Assessment of hemolytic and genotoxic effects revealed low hemolysis rates in red blood cells with no cellular toxicity in oral mucosa cells. The reduced cytotoxic activity suggested the safety of the concentrations used (500-1000 µg/mL), and demonstrated the varied interactions of Pg-1 with the analyzed cells. The data obtained in the present study suggested potential therapeutic application, and the non-toxic profile indicated viability for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A P Sousa
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Patologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
| | - M S Oliveira
- Departamento de Ciência Farmacêutica, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
| | - D A Fernandes
- Departamento de Ciência Farmacêutica, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
| | - M D L Ferreira
- Departamento de Ciência Farmacêutica, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
| | - L V Cordeiro
- Departamento de Ciência Farmacêutica, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
| | - M F V Souza
- Departamento de Ciência Farmacêutica, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
| | - L M D Fernandes
- Departamento de Ciência Farmacêutica, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
| | - H D S Souza
- Departamento de Química, Centro de Ciências Exatas e Naturais, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
| | - A A Oliveira Filho
- Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Patos, PB, Brasil
| | - H L F Pessoa
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Patologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
| | - R C S Sá
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Patologia, Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil
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Anirudh BVM, Ezhilarasan D. Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated Mitochondrial Dysfunction Triggers Sodium Valproate-Induced Cytotoxicity in Human Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Cells. J Gastrointest Cancer 2021; 52:899-906. [PMID: 32880040 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-020-00505-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the frequently diagnosed cancers worldwide. Currently used chemotherapeutic drugs have several side effects. Histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzyme inhibitors possess potential anti-cancer effects. Therefore, we investigated the cytotoxic potential of sodium valproate, a HDAC inhibitor in human colorectal adenocarcinoma (HT-29) cells. METHODS MTT assay was used to analyze the cytotoxicity of HT-29 cells. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) induction was evaluated by dichloro-dihydro-fluorescein diacetate staining. Dual staining with acridine orange/ethidium bromide was used to investigate the morphology-related apoptotic cell death. Mitochondrial membrane potential was analyzed by rhodamine 123 staining. E-cadherin protein expression was examined by immunofluorescence staining. RESULTS Sodium valproate at 2 and 4 mM/mL treatments significantly induced cytotoxicity. Increased intracellular ROS expression was observed in the cells treated with sodium valproate. This treatment also induced mitochondrial dissipation, apoptosis-related morphological damage, and E-cadherin expression in HT-29 cells. CONCLUSIONS Our present results suggest that sodium valproate is cytotoxic to HT-29 cells due to its pro-oxidative and apoptosis inducing potential. Sodium valproate can be used as an adjuvant along with standard chemotherapeutic agents in CRC patients after necessary in vivo and clinical studies.
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Xu F, Chen J, Wu Q, Gu W, Shen Y, Lu C, Zhang Y, Liu S, Liao H. The antitumor molecular mechanism of Alisma orientalis with c-myc DNA: multi-spectroscopic analysis and molecular simulation. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2019; 38:4189-4209. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2019.1688687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jun Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing, China
| | - Qinan Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, Nanjing, China
- National and Local Collaborative Engineering Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization and Formulae Innovative Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei Gu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuqing Shen
- Department of Neurology, Taizhou Second People’s Hospital, Taizhou, China
| | - Cai Lu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shengjin Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Haiying Liao
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Debnath R, Chatterjee N, Das S, Mishra S, Bose D, Banerjee S, Das S, Saha KD, Ghosh D, Maiti D. Bromelain with peroxidase from pineapple are more potent to target leukemia growth inhibition - A comparison with only bromelain. Toxicol In Vitro 2018; 55:24-32. [PMID: 30453006 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The natural anti-cancer agent bromelain is found to be beneficial for either single or multi-targeted therapy in gastric and skin carcinoma, by inhibiting cancer cell growth. Importantly, the presence of peroxidase enhances its biological efficiency. We have now evaluated a panel of cancer cell lines with bromelain in presence or absence of peroxidase to identify that the combination has higher apoptosis inducing potential in all those cell lines. Bromelain plus peroxidase (BM-PR) inhibited acute myeloid (K562) cell proliferation and altered the morphological features. Incidence of apoptosis was established by using annexin V exposure and this was confirmed that the cell cycle was arrested at G0/G1 phase in a concentration-dependent manner. BM-PR increased the intracellular ROS level and altered the mitochondrial membrane potential, as detected using dichlorofluores cin diacetate (DCFDA). It also regulated the expression of apoptosis-related proteins like Bax, Bcl2, caspase-3 and cytochrome besides causing up-regulation of p53 as determined by western blot analysis. These results suggest that BM-PR from pineapple induces apoptosis better than only bromelain in acute myeloid leukemia cells possibly via mitochondria dependent pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Debnath
- Immunology Microbiology Lab, Department of Human Physiology, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, 799102 Agartala, Tripura, India
| | - Nabanita Chatterjee
- Research Institute in Oncology & Hematology, Cancer Care Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E OV9, Canada
| | - Subhadip Das
- Department of Pathology, Wexner Medical Center,The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Snehasis Mishra
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Dipayan Bose
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Somenath Banerjee
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Sujata Das
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Krishna Das Saha
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India.
| | - Durgadas Ghosh
- Department of Zoology, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, 799102 Agartala, Tripura, India
| | - Debasish Maiti
- Immunology Microbiology Lab, Department of Human Physiology, Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, 799102 Agartala, Tripura, India.
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