1
|
Borges LCR, Marcon SS, Brito GS, Terabe M, Pleutim NI, Mendes AH, Teston EF. Adherence to Covid-19 vaccination during the pandemic: the influence of fake news. Rev Bras Enferm 2024; 77:e20230284. [PMID: 38655979 PMCID: PMC11034379 DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167-2023-0284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES to understand how fake news has influenced adherence to Covid-19 immunization, from the perspective of health professionals. METHODS a qualitative, descriptive-exploratory study was conducted in Campo Grande - MS. Twenty nursing professionals working in vaccine rooms or managing immunobiologicals participated through semi-structured interviews. The interviews were audio-recorded, fully transcribed, and subjected to thematic content analysis. RESULTS two categories emerged in which the professionals highlighted an increase in vaccine hesitancy among the population, influenced by fake news and denialist actions, which negatively interfered with the population's trust in vaccines and in the professionals administering them. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS concerns about vaccine safety and denialist actions by authorities and media outlets can contribute to the phenomenon of non-vaccination. The valorization of science, the promotion of educational actions, and raising public awareness about immunization were presented as strategies to increase vaccine coverage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Miriam Terabe
- Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | | | | | - Elen Ferraz Teston
- Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul. Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Dalton M, Sanderson B, Robinson LJ, Homer CSE, Pomat W, Danchin M, Vaccher S. Impact of COVID-19 on routine childhood immunisations in low- and middle-income countries: A scoping review. PLOS Glob Public Health 2023; 3:e0002268. [PMID: 37611014 PMCID: PMC10446229 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgph.0002268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
Routine vaccines are critical to child health. The COVID-19 pandemic significantly impacted essential health services, particularly in low-and middle-income countries (LMICs). We reviewed literature to determine the impact of COVID-19 on service delivery and uptake of routine childhood immunisation in LMICs. We reviewed papers published between March 2020 and June 2022 using a scoping review framework, and assessed each paper across the World Health Organisation health system strengthening framework. Our search identified 3,471 publications; 58 studies were included. One-quarter of studies showed routine childhood immunisation coverage declined (10% to 38%) between 2019 to 2021. Declines in the number of vaccine doses administered (25% to 51%), timeliness (6.2% to 34%), and the availability of fixed and outreach services were also reported. Strategies proposed to improve coverage included catch-up activities, strengthening supply chain and outreach services. Re-focusing efforts on increasing coverage is critical to improve child health and reduce the likelihood of disease outbreaks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Leanne J. Robinson
- Burnet Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Population Health & Immunity Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Medical Biology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
- Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Madang, Papua New Guinea
| | | | - William Pomat
- Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Goroka, Papua New Guinea
| | - Margie Danchin
- Department of General Medicine, The Royal Children’s Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Vaccine Uptake Group, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Falope O, Nyaku MK, O'Rourke C, Hermany LV, Plavchak B, Mauskopf J, Hartley L, Kruk ME. Resilience learning from the COVID-19 pandemic and its relevance for routine immunization programs. Expert Rev Vaccines 2022; 21:1621-1636. [PMID: 36063485 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2022.2116007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The COVID-19 pandemic represents a threat that has posed a challenge to public health response and threatens immunization programs globally. Despite recommendations to continue routine immunization services, disruptions have been observed to these and mass vaccination campaigns. This may result in setbacks to immunization initiative successes and a rise in cases of vaccine-preventable diseases. AREAS COVERED We conducted a systematic literature review to identify studies globally that described how indicators of health system resilience, defined using the Resilient Health System Framework, enabled routine immunizations to continue during the COVID-19 pandemic. A systematic search was conducted in Embase, Web of Science, PsychInfo, medRxiv, bioRxiv, and the gray literature between 1 January 2020, and 12 November 2021. Information was extracted from the studies identified describing how the specific elements of resiliency (being aware, diverse, self-regulating, integrated, and adaptive) were applied to their routine immunization programs. EXPERT OPINION Our study demonstrates the use of tools that contributed to immunization program resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic in all geographic regions and for countries with different income levels. These tools may help inform preparations for other immunization programs to catch up from the COVID-19 pandemic or mitigate the impact of future threats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Margaret E Kruk
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Oh KB, Doherty TM, Vetter V, Bonanni P. Lifting non-pharmaceutical interventions following the COVID-19 pandemic - the quiet before the storm? Expert Rev Vaccines 2022; 21:1541-1553. [PMID: 36039786 DOI: 10.1080/14760584.2022.2117693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In the first months of the novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic that begun in 2020, non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) have been adopted worldwide. However, the effects of NPI implementation go beyond slowing the spread of COVID-19. Here, we review the non-intended effects that may have arisen from prolonged application of NPIs. AREAS COVERED NPIs also affected the epidemiology of other infectious diseases, with unprecedentedly low circulation of several respiratory and gastrointestinal viruses being observed worldwide in 2020. While this was a welcome effect for already strained healthcare systems, prolonged low exposure to pathogens may result in an increased pool of individuals susceptible to certain diseases. Out-of-season or unusually intense outbreaks of non-vaccine preventable diseases have already been documented as NPIs were gradually eased. In the context of widespread and important disruptions in national vaccination programs during the early phase of the pandemic, the risk of vaccine-preventable disease resurgence after NPIs are lifted cannot be excluded either. EXPERT OPINION Awareness must be raised of the risk of vaccine-preventable disease resurgence, and efforts need to be made to mitigate this risk, where possible, by increasing vaccination coverage. Research and regulatory opportunities brought on by the COVID-19 pandemic should be seized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Paolo Bonanni
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cardoso Pinto AM, Ranasinghe L, Dodd PJ, Budhathoki SS, Seddon JA, Whittaker E. Disruptions to routine childhood vaccinations in low- and middle-income countries during the COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:979769. [PMID: 36034563 PMCID: PMC9403570 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.979769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted routine childhood vaccinations worldwide with low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) most affected. This study aims to quantify levels of disruption to routine vaccinations in LMICs. Methods A systematic review (PROSPERO CRD42021286386) was conducted of MEDLINE, Embase, Global Health, CINAHL, Scopus and MedRxiv, on the 11th of February 2022. Primary research studies published from January 2020 onwards were included if they reported levels of routine pediatrics vaccinations before and after March 2020. Study appraisal was performed using NHLBI tool for cross-sectional studies. Levels of disruption were summarized using medians and interquartile ranges. Results A total of 39 cross-sectional studies were identified. These showed an overall relative median decline of -10.8% [interquartile range (IQR) -27.6%, -1.4%] across all vaccines. Upper-middle-income countries (upper-MICs) (-14.3%; IQR -24.3%, -2.4%) and lower-MICs (-18.0%; IQR -48.6%, -4.1%) showed greater declines than low-income countries (-3.1%; IQR -12.8%, 2.9%), as did vaccines administered at birth (-11.8%; IQR -27.7%, -3.5%) compared to those given after birth (-8.0%; IQR -28.6%, -0.4%). Declines during the first 3 months of the pandemic (-8.1%; IQR -35.1%, -1.4%) were greater than during the remainder of 2020 (-3.9%; IQR -13.0%, 11.4%) compared to baseline. Conclusion There has been a decline in routine pediatric vaccination, greatest in MICs and for vaccines administered at birth. Nations must prioritize catch-up programs alongside public health messaging to encourage vaccine uptake. Systematic review registration Identifier: CRD42021286386.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Lasith Ranasinghe
- Academic Foundation Doctor, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Peter J Dodd
- School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Shyam Sundar Budhathoki
- Department of Primary Care and Public Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - James A Seddon
- Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Desmond Tutu TB Centre, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Elizabeth Whittaker
- Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Özer M, Başkaya N, Bostancı İ. Attitudes towards influenza and pneumococcal vaccines in parents of asthmatic children during the COVID-19 pandemic. Pediatr Pulmonol 2022; 57:1541-1542. [PMID: 35266335 PMCID: PMC9088328 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.25886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Murat Özer
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Dr. Sami Ulus, Maternity Child Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nevzat Başkaya
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Dr. Sami Ulus, Maternity Child Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| | - İlknur Bostancı
- Department of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Dr. Sami Ulus, Maternity Child Health and Diseases Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sookaromdee P, Wiwanitkit V. COVID-19 pandemic and attitudes towards influenza and pneumococcal vaccines. Pediatr Pulmonol 2022; 57:1540. [PMID: 35266336 PMCID: PMC9088364 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.25885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
|