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Jaculbia RB, Imada H, Miwa K, Iwasa T, Takenaka M, Yang B, Kazuma E, Hayazawa N, Taketsugu T, Kim Y. Single-molecule resonance Raman effect in a plasmonic nanocavity. Nat Nanotechnol 2020; 15:105-110. [PMID: 31959928 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-019-0614-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) is a versatile tool for chemical analysis at the nanoscale. In earlier TERS experiments, Raman modes with components parallel to the tip were studied based on the strong electric field enhancement along the tip. Perpendicular modes were usually neglected. Here, we investigate an isolated copper naphthalocyanine molecule adsorbed on a triple-layer NaCl on Ag(111) using scanning tunnelling microscope TERS imaging. For flat-lying molecules on NaCl, the Raman images present different patterns depending on the symmetry of the vibrational mode. Our results reveal that components of the electric field perpendicular to the tip should be considered aside from the parallel components. Moreover, under resonance excitation conditions, the perpendicular components can play a substantial role in the enhancement. This single-molecule study in a well-defined environment provides insights into the Raman process at the plasmonic nanocavity, which may be useful in the nanoscale metrology of various molecular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael B Jaculbia
- Surface and Interface Science Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Imada
- Surface and Interface Science Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan.
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Kawaguchi, Saitama, Japan.
| | - Kuniyuki Miwa
- Surface and Interface Science Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Takeshi Iwasa
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Masato Takenaka
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Bo Yang
- Surface and Interface Science Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan
- School of Science, Xijing University, Xi'an, China
| | - Emiko Kazuma
- Surface and Interface Science Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Norihiko Hayazawa
- Surface and Interface Science Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan.
| | - Tetsuya Taketsugu
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yousoo Kim
- Surface and Interface Science Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan.
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Kimura K, Miwa K, Imada H, Imai-imada M, Kawahara S, Takeya J, Kawai M, Galperin M, Kim Y. Selective triplet exciton formation in a single molecule. Nature 2019; 570:210-3. [DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1284-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Miwa K, Imada H, Imai-Imada M, Kimura K, Galperin M, Kim Y. Many-Body State Description of Single-Molecule Electroluminescence Driven by a Scanning Tunneling Microscope. Nano Lett 2019; 19:2803-2811. [PMID: 30694065 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b04484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Electron transport and optical properties of a single molecule in contact with conductive materials have attracted considerable attention because of their scientific importance and potential applications. With the recent progress in experimental techniques, especially by virtue of scanning tunneling microscope (STM)-induced light emission, where the tunneling current of the STM is used as an atomic-scale source for induction of light emission from a single molecule, it has become possible to investigate single-molecule properties at subnanometer spatial resolution. Despite extensive experimental studies, the microscopic mechanism of electronic excitation of a single molecule in STM-induced light emission has yet to be clarified. Here we present a formulation of single-molecule electroluminescence driven by electron transfer between a molecule and metal electrodes based on a many-body state representation of the molecule. The effects of intramolecular Coulomb interaction on conductance and luminescence spectra are investigated using the nonequilibrium Hubbard Green's function technique combined with first-principles calculations. We compare simulation results with experimental data and find that the intramolecular Coulomb interaction is crucial for reproducing recent experiments for a single phthalocyanine molecule. The developed theory provides a unified description of the electron transport and optical properties of a single molecule in contact with metal electrodes driven out of equilibrium, and thereby, it contributes to a microscopic understanding of optoelectronic conversion in single molecules on solid surfaces and in nanometer-scale junctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuniyuki Miwa
- Surface and Interface Science Laboratory , RIKEN , Wako , Saitama 351-0198 , Japan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California, San Diego , La Jolla , California 92093 , United States
| | - Hiroshi Imada
- Surface and Interface Science Laboratory , RIKEN , Wako , Saitama 351-0198 , Japan
| | - Miyabi Imai-Imada
- Surface and Interface Science Laboratory , RIKEN , Wako , Saitama 351-0198 , Japan
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Science , The University of Tokyo , Kashiwa , Chiba 277-8651 , Japan
| | - Kensuke Kimura
- Surface and Interface Science Laboratory , RIKEN , Wako , Saitama 351-0198 , Japan
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Science , The University of Tokyo , Kashiwa , Chiba 277-8651 , Japan
| | - Michael Galperin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California, San Diego , La Jolla , California 92093 , United States
| | - Yousoo Kim
- Surface and Interface Science Laboratory , RIKEN , Wako , Saitama 351-0198 , Japan
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Imada H, Miwa K, Imai-Imada M, Kawahara S, Kimura K, Kim Y. Single-Molecule Investigation of Energy Dynamics in a Coupled Plasmon-Exciton System. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 119:013901. [PMID: 28731759 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.013901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the near-field interaction between an isolated free-base phthalocyanine molecule and a plasmon localized in the gap between an NaCl-covered Ag(111) surface and the tip apex of a scanning tunneling microscope. When the tip is located in the close proximity of the molecule, asymmetric dips emerge in the broad luminescence spectrum of the plasmon generated by the tunneling current. The origin of the dips is explained by energy transfer between the plasmon and molecular excitons and a quantum mechanical interference effect, where molecular vibrations provide additional degrees of freedom in the dynamic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Imada
- Surface and Interface Science Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Kuniyuki Miwa
- Surface and Interface Science Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Miyabi Imai-Imada
- Surface and Interface Science Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Science, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8651, Japan
| | - Shota Kawahara
- Surface and Interface Science Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Science, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8651, Japan
| | - Kensuke Kimura
- Surface and Interface Science Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Science, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8651, Japan
| | - Yousoo Kim
- Surface and Interface Science Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Kuhnke
- Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
| | - Christoph Große
- Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
| | - Pablo Merino
- Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
| | - Klaus Kern
- Max-Planck-Institut für Festkörperforschung, Stuttgart 70569, Germany
- Institut de Physique, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne 1015, Switzerland
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Imada H, Miwa K, Imai-imada M, Kawahara S, Kimura K, Kim Y. Real-space investigation of energy transfer in heterogeneous molecular dimers. Nature 2016; 538:364-7. [DOI: 10.1038/nature19765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 08/11/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Chong MC, Reecht G, Bulou H, Boeglin A, Scheurer F, Mathevet F, Schull G. Narrow-Line Single-Molecule Transducer between Electronic Circuits and Surface Plasmons. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 116:036802. [PMID: 26849607 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.116.036802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A molecular wire containing an emitting molecular center is controllably suspended between the plasmonic electrodes of a cryogenic scanning tunneling microscope. Passing current through this circuit generates an ultranarrow-line emission at an energy of ≈1.5 eV which is assigned to the fluorescence of the molecular center. Control over the linewidth is obtained by progressively detaching the emitting unit from the surface. The recorded spectra also reveal several vibronic peaks of low intensities that can be viewed as a fingerprint of the emitter. Surface plasmons localized at the tip-sample interface are shown to play a major role in both excitation and emission of the molecular excitons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Chong
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, UMR 7504 (CNRS-Université de Strasbourg), 67034 Strasbourg, France
| | - Gaël Reecht
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, UMR 7504 (CNRS-Université de Strasbourg), 67034 Strasbourg, France
| | - Hervé Bulou
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, UMR 7504 (CNRS-Université de Strasbourg), 67034 Strasbourg, France
| | - Alex Boeglin
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, UMR 7504 (CNRS-Université de Strasbourg), 67034 Strasbourg, France
| | - Fabrice Scheurer
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, UMR 7504 (CNRS-Université de Strasbourg), 67034 Strasbourg, France
| | - Fabrice Mathevet
- Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, Chimie des polymères, UMR 8232, CNRS-Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 94200 Ivry sur Seine, France
| | - Guillaume Schull
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, UMR 7504 (CNRS-Université de Strasbourg), 67034 Strasbourg, France
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Miwa K, Imada H, Sakaue M, Kasai H, Kim Y. Nonequilibrium Green's Function Theory of Scanning Tunneling Microscope-Induced Light Emission from Molecule Covered Metal Surfaces: Effects of Coupling between Exciton and Plasmon Modes. e-J Surf Sci Nanotech 2015; 13:385-90. [DOI: 10.1380/ejssnt.2015.385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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