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Luo N, Chen Y, Zhang D, Guo M, Xue Z, Wang X, Cheng Z, Xu J. High-Sensitive MEMS Hydrogen Sulfide Sensor made from PdRh Bimetal Hollow Nanoframe Decorated Metal Oxides and Sensitization Mechanism Study. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:56203-56215. [PMID: 33272011 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c18369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Here we report the fabrication of a high performance metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) sensor for the detection of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) using PdRh bimetal hollow nanocube (HC) with Rh-rich hollow frame and Pd-rich core frame as sensitizing materials. PdRh bimetal HC with the edge-length about 10 nm was prepared by chemical etching PdRh bimetal solid nanocube (SC) in HNO3 aqueous solution. The results of gas-sensing tests indicate that the response value order of the MEMS gas sensors based on MOSs (including ZnO, MoO3 and SnO2) is as follows: RPdRh HC/MOS > RPdRh SC/MOS > RMOS. First, in the system of ZnO, gas sensor modified by PdRh (PdRh SC/ZnO and PdRh HC/ZnO) possess enhanced H2S sensing performance with a better response and excellent low-concentration detection capability (down to 15 ppb) comparing to pure ZnO. The improved H2S sensing performance could be attributed to the good conductivity of Rh-rich frame, the high catalytic activity of PdRh bimetal and formation of Schottky barrier-type junctions and defect. Second, PdRh HC/ZnO sensor shows better response (185-1 ppm of H2S) compared to PdRh SC/ZnO sensor (108-1 ppm of H2S), which is due to the higher specific surface area of PdRh HC/ZnO and good gas diffusion of the hollow structure. This work indicate that the sensitization characteristics of PdRh bimetal HC will provide new paradigms for the future development of the high performance sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Luo
- NEST lab, Department of Physics, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Yang Chen
- NEST lab, Department of Physics, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Dan Zhang
- NEST lab, Department of Physics, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Mengmeng Guo
- NEST lab, Department of Physics, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Zhenggang Xue
- NEST lab, Department of Physics, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- NEST lab, Department of Physics, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Zhixuan Cheng
- NEST lab, Department of Physics, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
| | - Jiaqiang Xu
- NEST lab, Department of Physics, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, PR China
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Jang JS, Qiao S, Choi SJ, Jha G, Ogata AF, Koo WT, Kim DH, Kim ID, Penner RM. Hollow Pd-Ag Composite Nanowires for Fast Responding and Transparent Hydrogen Sensors. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2017; 9:39464-39474. [PMID: 28937737 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b10908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Pd based alloy materials with hollow nanostructures are ideal hydrogen (H2) sensor building blocks because of their double-H2 sensing active sites (interior and exterior side of hollow Pd alloy) and fast response. In this work, for the first time, we report a simple fabrication process for preparing hollow Pd-Ag alloy nanowires (Pd@Ag HNWs) by using the electrodeposition of lithographically patterned silver nanowires (NWs), followed by galvanic replacement reaction (GRR) to form palladium. By controlling the GRR time of aligned Ag NWs within an aqueous Pd2+-containing solution, the compositional transition and morphological evolution from Ag NWs to Pd@Ag HNWs simultaneously occurred, and the relative atomic ratio between Pd and Ag was controlled. Interestingly, a GRR duration of 17 h transformed Ag NWs into Pd@Ag HNWs that showed enhanced H2 response and faster sensing response time, reduced 2.5-fold, as compared with Ag NWs subjected to a shorter GRR period of 10 h. Furthermore, Pd@Ag HNWs patterned on the colorless and flexible polyimide (cPI) substrate showed highly reversible H2 sensing characteristics. To further demonstrate the potential use of Pd@Ag HNWs as sensing layers for all-transparent, wearable H2 sensing devices, we patterned the Au NWs perpendicular to Pd@Ag HNWs to form a heterogeneous grid-type metallic NW electrode which showed reversible H2 sensing properties in both bent and flat states.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shaopeng Qiao
- Department of Physics, University of California at Irvine , Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | | | - Gaurav Jha
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Irvine , Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | - Alana F Ogata
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Irvine , Irvine, California 92697, United States
| | | | | | | | - Reginald M Penner
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Irvine , Irvine, California 92697, United States
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Castro L, Blázquez M, González F, Muñoz J, Ballester A. Exploring the Possibilities of Biological Fabrication of Gold Nanostructures Using Orange Peel Extract. Metals 2015; 5:1609-19. [DOI: 10.3390/met5031609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Yang D, Carpena-Núñez J, Fonseca LF, Biaggi-Labiosa A, Hunter GW. Shape-controlled synthesis of palladium and copper superlattice nanowires for high-stability hydrogen sensors. Sci Rep 2014; 4:3773. [PMID: 24440892 DOI: 10.1038/srep03773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
For hydrogen sensors built with pure Pd nanowires, the instabilities causing baseline drifting and temperature-driven sensing behavior are limiting factors when working within a wide temperature range. To enhance the material stability, we have developed superlattice-structured palladium and copper nanowires (PdCu NWs) with random-gapped, screw-threaded, and spiral shapes achieved by wet-chemical approaches. The microstructure of the PdCu NWs reveals novel superlattices composed of lattice groups structured by four-atomic layers of alternating Pd and Cu. Sensors built with these modified NWs show significantly reduced baseline drifting and lower critical temperature (259.4 K and 261 K depending on the PdCu structure) for the reverse sensing behavior than those with pure Pd NWs (287 K). Moreover, the response and recovery times of the PdCu NWs sensor were of ~9 and ~7 times faster than for Pd NWs sensors, respectively.
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Shi P, Zhang J, Lin HY, Bohn PW. Effect of molecular adsorption on the electrical conductance of single au nanowires fabricated by electron-beam lithography and focused ion beam etching. Small 2010; 6:2598-603. [PMID: 20957763 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201001295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Metal nanowires are one of the potential candidates for nanostructured sensing elements used in future portable devices for chemical detection; however, the optimal methods for fabrication have yet to be fully explored. Two routes to nanowire fabrication, electron-beam lithography (EBL) and focused ion beam (FIB) etching, are studied, and their electrical and chemical sensing properties are compared. Although nanowires fabricated by both techniques exhibit ohmic conductance, I-V characterization indicates that nanowires fabricated by FIB etching exhibit abnormally high resistivity. In addition, the resistivity of nanowires fabricated by FIB etching shows very low sensitivity toward molecular adsorption, while those fabricated by EBL exhibit sensitive resistance change upon exposure to solution-phase adsorbates. The mean grain sizes of nanowires prepared by FIB etching are much smaller than those fabricated by EBL, so their resistance is dominated by grain-boundary scattering. As a result, these nanowires are much less sensitive to molecular adsorption, which mediates nanowire conduction through surface scattering. The much reduced mean grain sizes of these nanowires correlate with Ga ion damage caused during the ion milling process. Thus, even though the nanowires prepared by FIB etching can be smaller than their EBL counterparts, their reduced sensitivity to adsorption suggests that nanowires produced by EBL are preferred for chemical and biochemical sensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Shi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
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