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Lippi I, Perondi F, Petrini D, La Fortuna MC, Luci G, Intorre L, Guidi G, Meucci V. Evaluation of glomerular filtration rate estimation by means of plasma clearance of iohexol in domestic rabbits ( Oryctolagus cuniculus). Am J Vet Res 2019; 80:525-532. [PMID: 31140848 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.80.6.525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate glomerular filtration rate (GFR) estimation by means of plasma clearance of iohexol (IOX) in domestic rabbits and to assess accuracy of limited-sampling models for GFR estimation. ANIMALS 6 healthy domestic rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus). PROCEDURES Each rabbit received IOX (64.7 mg/kg [0.1 mL/kg], IV), and blood samples were collected at predetermined times before and after administration. Plasma IOX concentration was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. The pharmacokinetics of IOX was determined by a noncompartmental method. For each rabbit, plasma clearance of IOX was determined by dividing the total IOX dose administered by the area under the concentration-time curve indexed to the subject's body weight. The GFR estimated from the plasma IOX concentration at 6 sampling times (referent model) was compared with that estimated from the plasma IOX concentration at 5 (model A), 4 (model B), and 3 (models C, D, and E) sampling times (limited-sampling models). RESULTS Mean ± SD GFR was 4.41 ± 1.10 mL/min/kg for the referent model and did not differ significantly from the GFR estimated by any of the limited-sampling models. The GFR bias magnitude relative to the referent model was smallest for model D in which GFR was estimated from plasma IOX concentrations at 5, 15, and 90 minutes after IOX administration. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Results suggested that plasma clearance of IOX was a safe, reliable, accurate, and clinically feasible method to estimate GFR in domestic rabbits. Further research is necessary to refine the method.
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Dhondt L, Croubels S, De Cock P, De Paepe P, De Baere S, Devreese M. Development and validation of an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous determination of iohexol, p-aminohippuric acid and creatinine in porcine and broiler chicken plasma. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2019; 1117:77-85. [PMID: 31004849 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2019.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
In order to study the renal function, in terms of glomerular filtration and effective renal plasma flow, in broiler chickens and pigs, an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the simultaneous determination of iohexol, p-aminohippuric acid (PAH) and exogenously administered creatinine in plasma was developed and validated. Sample preparation consisted of a deproteinization step using methanol for porcine plasma and an Ostro™ Protein Precipitation & Phospholipid Removal Plate was used for broiler chicken plasma. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a Hypersil Gold aQ column using 0.1% formic acid in water and 0.1% formic acid in methanol as mobile phases. The total run time was limited to 10 min. Matrix-matched calibration curves for iohexol and PAH were prepared and good linearity (r ≥ 0.9973; gof ≤ 6.17%) was achieved over the concentration range tested (0.25-90 μg/mL). Limits of quantification were 0.25 μg/mL for iohexol and PAH. Water was used as surrogate matrix for analysis of creatinine in plasma. This surrogate calibration curve showed good linearity over the concentration range tested (0.25-90 μg/mL) (r ≥ 0.9979; gof ≤ 5.66%). For creatinine, the relative lower limit of quantification was 201.03 ± 49.20% and 60.14 ± 7.64% for chicken and porcine plasma, respectively. The results for within-day and between-day precision and accuracy fell within the specified ranges. This straightforward, cost-effective and rapid method, determining iohexol, PAH and creatinine within one single chromatographic run, has been successfully used for the analysis in porcine and broiler chicken plasma samples in order to determine the renal function of these species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Dhondt
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry, Salisburylaan 133, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium.
| | - Siska Croubels
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry, Salisburylaan 133, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Pieter De Cock
- Department of Pharmacy, Ghent University Hospital, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, Ghent, Belgium; Heymans Institute of Pharmacology, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, Ghent, Belgium; Department of Paediatric Intensive Care, Ghent University Hospital, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peter De Paepe
- Heymans Institute of Pharmacology, Ghent University, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Siegrid De Baere
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry, Salisburylaan 133, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Mathias Devreese
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Biochemistry, Salisburylaan 133, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium.
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Meucci V, Luci G, Vanni M, Guidi G, Perondi F, Intorre L. Serum levels of ochratoxin A in dogs with chronic kidney disease (CKD): a retrospective study. J Vet Med Sci 2016; 79:440-447. [PMID: 27941297 PMCID: PMC5326954 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.16-0226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a mycotoxin produced by secondary metabolism of several fungi
belonging to the genera Aspergillus and Penicillium. OTA
is potentially nephrotoxic, neurotoxic, immunotoxic and carcinogenic in several animal
species and in humans. This toxin has been detected in several human food and animal feed.
The aim of this study was to determine OTA in blood samples of healthy and affected by
chronic kidney disease (CKD) dogs. CKD group showed higher incidence of OTA-positivity
than healthy dogs (96 vs. 56%) and a significantly higher median value of OTA plasma
concentration (0.008 vs. 0.144 ng/ml).
No significant correlation was observed between OTA levels and creatinine values in CKD
dogs. This is the first study regarding OTA detection in plasma samples of healthy and CKD
dogs; the presence of this toxin is higher in nephropatic patients but is not yet clear,
if it is correlated with progression of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Meucci
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Pisa, Via Livornese lato monte, 56122, San Piero a Grado, Pisa, Italy
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Chaloemsuwiwattanakan T, Sangcakul A, Kitiyakara C, Nacapricha D, Wilairat P, Chaisuwan P. Simple and fast analysis of iohexol in human serums using micro-hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography with monolithic column. J Sep Sci 2016; 39:3521-7. [PMID: 27443792 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201600475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 07/10/2016] [Accepted: 07/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A simple and rapid method based on micro-liquid chromatography using a synthetic monolithic capillary column was developed for determination of iohexol in human serums, a marker to evaluate the glomerular filtration rate. A hydrophilic methacrylic acid-ethylene dimethacrylate monolith provided excellent selectivity and efficiency for iohexol with separation time of 3 min using a mobile phase of 40:60 v/v 50 mM phosphate buffer pH 5/methanol. Four serum protein removal, methods using perchloric acid, 50% acetonitrile, 0.1 M zinc sulfate, and centrifuge membrane filter were examined. The method of zinc sulfate was chosen due to its simplicity, compatibility with the mobile phase system, nontoxicity, and low cost. Interday calibration curves were conducted over iohexol concentrations range of 2-500 mg/L (R(2) = 0.9997 ± 0.0001) with detection limit of 0.44 mg/L. Intra- and interday precisions for peak area and retention time were less than 2.8 and 1.4%, respectively. The method was successfully applied to serum samples with percent recoveries from 102 to 104. The method was applied to monitor released iohexol from healthy subject. Compared with the commercially available reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography method, the presented method provided simpler chromatogram, faster separation with higher separation efficiency and much lower sample and solvent consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Areeporn Sangcakul
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chagriya Kitiyakara
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Duangjai Nacapricha
- Flow Innovation-Research for Science and Technology Laboratories (FIRST Labs.).,Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Prapin Wilairat
- Flow Innovation-Research for Science and Technology Laboratories (FIRST Labs.).,National Doping Control Centre, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Patcharin Chaisuwan
- Flow Innovation-Research for Science and Technology Laboratories (FIRST Labs.). .,School of Chemistry, Institute of Science, Suranaree University of Technology, Muang District, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand.
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Lippi I, Guidi G, Marchetti V, Tognetti R, Meucci V. Prognostic role of the product of serum calcium and phosphorus concentrations in dogs with chronic kidney disease: 31 cases (2008-2010). J Am Vet Med Assoc 2015; 245:1135-40. [PMID: 25356714 DOI: 10.2460/javma.245.10.1135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate serum calcium-phosphorus concentration product (sCaPP) as a predictor of mortality rate in dogs with chronic kidney disease (CKD). DESIGN Retrospective case-control study. ANIMALS 31 dogs with definitive CKD and 35 apparently healthy dogs. PROCEDURES All dogs had been referred for nephrological consultation between December 2008 and December 2010. Dogs with CKD had stable disease for ≥ 3 months. On the basis of glomerular filtration rate < 60 mL/min/m(2), 13 of the 35 apparently healthy dogs were subsequently classified as having early CKD. Disease stage among dogs was determined on the basis of plasma creatinine concentration as follows: stage 1, < 123.7 μmol/L (n = 13), stage 2, 123.7 to 176.8 μmol/L (7); stage 3, 185.6 to 442 μmol/L (13); or stage 4, > 442 μmol/L (11). For each dog, serum concentrations of ionized and total calcium and phosphorus were evaluated once; the latter 2 variables were used to determine sCaPP. RESULTS The sCaPP differed significantly between the 22 healthy dogs and dogs with stage 3 or stage 4 CKD. The proportion of dogs with sCaPP > 70 mg(2)/dL(2) increased with stage of disease. Mortality rate among the 24 dogs with sCaPP > 70 mg(2)/dL(2) was higher than that among the 42 dogs with sCaPP ≤ 70 mg(2)/dL(2). Dogs with sCaPP > 70 mg(2)/dL(2) had a comparatively lower survival rate, and risk of death was 4.2 times as high as risk for dogs with sCaPP ≤ 70 mg(2)/dL(2). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE For dogs with CKD, sCaPP > 70 mg(2)/dL(2) appeared to be a negative prognostic indicator, which was not influenced by the concomitant serum concentrations of phosphorus and total or ionized calcium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Lippi
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Pisa, San Piero a Grado, Pisa, 56122, Italy
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Achanta S, Sewell A, Ritchey JW, Broaddus K, Bourne DWA, Clarke CR, Maxwell LK. Anatomical and physiological basis for the allometric scaling of cisplatin clearance in dogs. J Vet Pharmacol Ther 2015; 39:224-36. [PMID: 26440900 DOI: 10.1111/jvp.12266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Cisplatin is a platinum-containing cytotoxic drug indicated for the treatment of solid tumors in veterinary and human patients. Several of the algorithms used to standardize the doses of cytotoxic drugs utilize allometry, or the nonproportional relationships between anatomical and physiological variables, but the underlying basis for these relationships is poorly understood. The objective of this proof of concept study was to determine whether allometric equations explain the relationships between body weight, kidney weight, renal physiology, and clearance of a model, renally cleared anticancer agent in dogs. Postmortem body, kidney, and heart weights were collected from 364 dogs (127 juveniles and 237 adults, including 51 dogs ≥ 8 years of age). Renal physiological and cisplatin pharmacokinetic studies were conducted in ten intact male dogs including two juvenile and eight adult dogs (4-55 kg). Glomerular filtration rate (GFR), effective renal plasma flow, effective renal blood flow, renal cisplatin clearance, and total cisplatin clearance were allometrically related to body weight with powers of 0.75, 0.59, 0.61, 0.71, and 0.70, respectively. The similar values of these diverse mass exponents suggest a common underlying basis for the allometry of kidney size, renal physiology, and renal drug handling.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Achanta
- Departments of Physiological Sciences, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - A Sewell
- Departments of Physiological Sciences, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - J W Ritchey
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - K Broaddus
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - D W A Bourne
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, 73117, USA
| | - C R Clarke
- Departments of Physiological Sciences, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - L K Maxwell
- Departments of Physiological Sciences, Center for Veterinary Health Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
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Schwertner HA, Weld KJ. High-Performance Liquid-Chromatographic Analysis of Plasma Iohexol Concentrations. J Chromatogr Sci 2015; 53:1475-80. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmv040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Meucci V, Sgorbini M, Bonelli F, Corazza M, Lippi I, Intorre L, Guidi G. Determination of Glomerular Filtration Rate in Adult Horses and Donkeys by Single IV Administration of Iohexol. J Equine Vet Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jevs.2014.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Valentina M, Grazia G, Pierre M, Gloria B, Ilaria L. A Limited Sampling, Simple, and Useful Method for Determination of Glomerular Filtration Rate in Cats by Using a New Accurate HPLC Method to Measure Iohexol Plasmatic Concentrations. J Vet Med 2013; 2013:569121. [PMID: 26464907 DOI: 10.1155/2013/569121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2013] [Revised: 09/05/2013] [Accepted: 09/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) is still a highly underutilized tool in cats because available methods are not easy to be performed in clinical practice. Iohexol (IOX) has been shown to be a useful and reliable marker of GFR both in animals and in humans. The aim of the present study was to develop a rapid and reliable method for measuring IOX in feline plasma and to evaluate the accuracy of limited sampling models to establish a low-cost and clinically suitable GFR test. IOX concentrations were determined by using a new HPLC-UV method. GFR was assessed as plasma clearance of IOX, which was calculated by dividing dose administered by area under the curve of plasmatic concentration versus time (AUC), and indexed to body weight (BW). Correlation and agreement analysis between the GFR values obtained by a seven-point clearance method and the GFR values determined by the application of simplified sample combinations indicated that the 3-blood sample clearance model (5, 30, and 60 min) was the best simplified method because it provided an accurate GFR value in only one hour. The reported method is a simple and accurate way of GFR determination, which may be easily used in a clinical setting.
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KUSHIRO-BANKER T, KEEGAN RD, DECOURCEY MA, GRUBB TL, GREENE SA, ARMSTRONG R. Effects of Tepoxalin and Medetomidine on Glomerular Filtration Rate in Dogs. J Vet Med Sci 2013; 75:69-74. [DOI: 10.1292/jvms.12-0062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tokiko KUSHIRO-BANKER
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, P. O. Box 647010, Pullman, WA 99164–7010, U.S.A
| | - Robert D. KEEGAN
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, P. O. Box 647010, Pullman, WA 99164–7010, U.S.A
| | - Michelle A. DECOURCEY
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, P. O. Box 647010, Pullman, WA 99164–7010, U.S.A
| | - Tamara L. GRUBB
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, P. O. Box 647010, Pullman, WA 99164–7010, U.S.A
| | - Stephen A. GREENE
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, P. O. Box 647010, Pullman, WA 99164–7010, U.S.A
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De Baere S, Smets P, Finch N, Heiene R, De Backer P, Daminet S, Croubels S. Quantitative determination of exo- and endo-iohexol in canine and feline samples using high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2012; 61:50-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2011.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2011] [Revised: 11/18/2011] [Accepted: 11/21/2011] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Raekallio MR, Saario-Paunio EMK, Rajamäki MM, Sankari SM, Palviainen MJ, Siven MS, Peltoniemi SM, Leinonen ME, Honkavaara JM, Vainio OM. Early detection of ketoprofen-induced acute kidney injury in sheep as determined by evaluation of urinary enzyme activities. Am J Vet Res 2010; 71:1246-52. [PMID: 20919914 DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.71.10.1246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate early indicators of renal tissue destruction and changes in urinary enzyme activities in sheep during the first hours after acute kidney injury induced by administration of an overdose of an NSAID. ANIMALS 12 adult female sheep. PROCEDURES Acute kidney injury was induced in 6 sheep by administration of ketoprofen (30 mg/kg, IV) and detected by evaluation of urinary protein concentration, iohexol clearance, and results of histologic examination. Six sheep served as control animals. Blood and urine samples were collected for up to 24 hours after administration of ketoprofen. Plasma concentrations of urea, creatinine, albumin, and total protein; plasma activities of alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2, and MMP-9; and urinary creatinine and protein concentrations, specific gravity, and activities of alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, GGT lactate dehydrogenase, N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), MMP-2, and MMP-9 were measured. Urinary protein concentration and enzyme activities were normalized on the basis of urinary creatinine concentrations and reported as ratios. RESULTS Many urinary enzyme-to-creatinine ratios increased before the plasma creatinine concentration exceeded the reference value. Urine NAG, lactate dehydrogenase, and acid phosphatase activities were increased beginning at 2 hours after ketoprofen administration, and alkaline phosphatase, GGT, and MMP-2 activities were increased beginning at 4 hours after ketoprofen administration. Most peak urinary enzyme-to-creatinine ratios were detected earlier than were the highest plasma creatinine and urea concentrations. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE Urinary enzyme activities were sensitive early indicators of acute kidney injury induced by an overdose of an NSAID in sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marja R Raekallio
- Department of Equine and Small Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Helsinki, 00170 Helsinki, Finland.
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Pöytäkangas M, Saario-Paunio E, Putkonen T, Saastamoinen I, Frias R, Spillmann T, Saloniemi H. Rapid LC-UV Analysis of Iohexol in Canine Plasma for Glomerular Filtration Rate Determination. Chromatographia 2010. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-009-1445-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Iohexol is an iodinated contrast dye that has been shown to be useful in the estimation of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in patients with suspected renal insufficiency. We developed and validated an ultraperformance liquid chromatography (UPLC)-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (MS/MS) assay for quantifying iohexol in human serum. METHODS Sample preparation involved dilution of 50 microL serum with 400 microL water, followed by protein precipitation with zinc sulfate and methanol containing the structural analog ioversol as the internal standard. After 1:20 dilution of the supernatant with water, 5 microL was injected into the UPLC-MS/MS system. Chromatography was performed using a Waters Oasis HLB 5-microm particle size, 2.1 x 20 mm column maintained at 50 degrees C. We used a 1-step acetonitrile/0.1% formic acid gradient to elute the compounds of interest at a common retention time of 0.96 min. The multiple reaction monitoring transitions used for integration and quantification were m/z 821.7-->803.7 for iohexol and m/z 807.9-->589.0 for ioversol in the electrospray positive ionization mode. RESULTS The assay was linear from 2.5 mg/L (lower limit of quantification) to 1500 mg/L iohexol, with a mean extraction efficiency of >99%. Recovery of nominal target concentrations was 99%-102%. Interassay imprecision ranged from 7.9% at a concentration of 2.5 mg/L to 4.1% at 1000 mg/L. Ion suppression studies showed no matrix effects on the ionization of the 2 compounds. CONCLUSIONS This rapid UPLC-MS/MS method can be successfully used for quantifying iohexol in human serum.
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Klenner S, Bergmann C, Strube K, Ternes W, Spillmann T. SPE for Endo- and Exo-Iohexol Analysis with HPLC in Canine Serum and Rat Urine. Chromatographia 2007. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-007-0202-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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