Li ZL, Mo L, Le G, Shi Y. Oxidized casein impairs antioxidant defense system and induces hepatic and renal injury in mice.
Food Chem Toxicol 2013;
64:86-93. [PMID:
24200855 DOI:
10.1016/j.fct.2013.10.039]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2013] [Revised: 10/20/2013] [Accepted: 10/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE
Oxidized protein products (OPPs) can be easily found in meat and milk during processing and storage. Evidence supports that accumulation of endogenous OPPs plays a negative role in physiological metabolism. However, the impacts of dietary OPPs and the mechanisms have not been elucidated yet. The present study evaluated whether oral oxidized casein would destruct the antioxidant defense system and cause potential oxidized injury in mice liver and kidney.
METHODS AND RESULTS
We performed oxidized casein (modified respectively by H2O2-Cu and HClO) feeding experiments using KM mice (20-22 g). A 10-weeks feeding of oxidized casein as basal protein caused oxidative stress by increasing protein carbonylation (PC), advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs), dityrosine (Dityr), lipid peroxidation and ROS levels in mice liver, kidney and blood (P<0.05). In mice liver and kidney, the mRNA expression of Nrf2, γ-GCS, HO-1, GPX-3, and GPX-4 up-regulated, the protein level of Nrf2 in nucleus increased. However, activities of anti-oxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD, and GPX) decreased (P<0.05). Moreover, histopathological examination displayed the formation of fibrous septa in mice liver and kidney after oxidized casein feeding.
CONCLUSION
Oxidized casein impairs antioxidant defense system and induces hepatic and renal fibrosis.
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