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Ali MF, Muday GK. Reactive oxygen species are signaling molecules that modulate plant reproduction. Plant Cell Environ 2024; 47:1592-1605. [PMID: 38282262 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) can serve as signaling molecules that are essential for plant growth and development but abiotic stress can lead to ROS increases to supraoptimal levels resulting in cellular damage. To ensure efficient ROS signaling, cells have machinery to locally synthesize ROS to initiate cellular responses and to scavenge ROS to prevent it from reaching damaging levels. This review summarizes experimental evidence revealing the role of ROS during multiple stages of plant reproduction. Localized ROS synthesis controls the formation of pollen grains, pollen-stigma interactions, pollen tube growth, ovule development, and fertilization. Plants utilize ROS-producing enzymes such as respiratory burst oxidase homologs and organelle metabolic pathways to generate ROS, while the presence of scavenging mechanisms, including synthesis of antioxidant proteins and small molecules, serves to prevent its escalation to harmful levels. In this review, we summarized the function of ROS and its synthesis and scavenging mechanisms in all reproductive stages from gametophyte development until completion of fertilization. Additionally, we further address the impact of elevated temperatures induced ROS on impairing these reproductive processes and of flavonol antioxidants in maintaining ROS homeostasis to minimize temperature stress to combat the impact of global climate change on agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Foteh Ali
- Department of Biology and Center for Molecular Signaling, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC, United States
| | - Gloria K Muday
- Department of Biology and Center for Molecular Signaling, Wake Forest University, Winston Salem, NC, United States
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2
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Mohorović P, Geldhof B, Holsteens K, Rinia M, Daems S, Reijnders T, Ceusters J, Van den Ende W, Van de Poel B. Ethylene inhibits photosynthesis via temporally distinct responses in tomato plants. Plant Physiol 2024; 195:762-784. [PMID: 38146839 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Ethylene is a volatile plant hormone that regulates many developmental processes and responses toward (a)biotic stress. Studies have shown that high levels of ethylene repress vegetative growth in many important crops, including tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), possibly by inhibiting photosynthesis. We investigated the temporal effects of ethylene on young tomato plants using an automated ethylene gassing system to monitor the physiological, biochemical, and molecular responses through time course RNA-seq of a photosynthetically active source leaf. We found that ethylene evokes a dose-dependent inhibition of photosynthesis, which can be characterized by 3 temporally distinct phases. The earliest ethylene responses that marked the first phase and occurred a few hours after the start of the treatment were leaf epinasty and a decline in stomatal conductance, which led to lower light perception and CO2 uptake, respectively, resulting in a rapid decline of soluble sugar levels (glucose, fructose). The second phase of the ethylene effect was marked by low carbohydrate availability, which modulated plant energy metabolism to adapt by using alternative substrates (lipids and proteins) to fuel the TCA cycle. Long-term continuous exposure to ethylene led to the third phase, characterized by starch and chlorophyll breakdown, which further inhibited photosynthesis, leading to premature leaf senescence. To reveal early (3 h) ethylene-dependent regulators of photosynthesis, we performed a ChIP-seq experiment using anti-ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE 3-like 1 (EIL1) antibodies and found several candidate transcriptional regulators. Collectively, our study revealed a temporal sequence of events that led to the inhibition of photosynthesis by ethylene and identified potential transcriptional regulators responsible for this regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petar Mohorović
- Division of Crop Biotechnics, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Batist Geldhof
- Division of Crop Biotechnics, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kristof Holsteens
- Division of Crop Biotechnics, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marilien Rinia
- Division of Crop Biotechnics, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Stijn Daems
- Research Group for Sustainable Plant Production and Protection, Division of Crop Biotechnics, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Campus Geel, Kleinhoefstraat 4, 2440 Geel, Belgium
| | - Timmy Reijnders
- Molecular Biotechnology of Plants and Microorganisms Lab, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Johan Ceusters
- Research Group for Sustainable Plant Production and Protection, Division of Crop Biotechnics, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Campus Geel, Kleinhoefstraat 4, 2440 Geel, Belgium
- Leuven Plant Institute (LPI), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Wim Van den Ende
- Molecular Biotechnology of Plants and Microorganisms Lab, Department of Biology, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Plant Institute (LPI), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bram Van de Poel
- Division of Crop Biotechnics, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Willem de Croylaan 42, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
- Leuven Plant Institute (LPI), KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 31, 3001 Leuven, Belgium
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Ali Q, Sami A, Haider MZ, Ashfaq M, Javed MA. Antioxidant production promotes defense mechanism and different gene expression level in Zea mays under abiotic stress. Sci Rep 2024; 14:7114. [PMID: 38531994 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57939-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The growth and productivity of maize are severely affected by soil salinity. The crucial determinants for the future performance of plants are productive for seed germination and seedling establishment; however, both stages are liable to soil salinity. For grain, maize is an economically significant crop sensitive to abiotic stresses. However, little is known about defense responses by the salinity-induced antioxidant and oxidative stress in maize. In our work, the commercially available maize variety Raka-Poshi was grown in pots for 30 days under greenhouse conditions. To evaluate the salt-induced oxidative/antioxidant responses in maize for salt stress 0, 25, 50, 75, 100 and 150 mM concentrations, treatments were provided using sodium chloride (NaCl). All the biochemical indices were calculated under all NaCl concentrations, while drought was induced by up to 50% irrigation water. After 30 days of seed germination, the maize leaves were collected for the measurement of lipid peroxidase or malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione reductase (GR), guaiacol peroxidase (GPOD), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide dismutase (SOD), lipoxygenase (LOX), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APOD) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST). The results revealed a 47% reduction under 150 mM NaCl and 50% drought stress conditions. The results have shown that the successive increase of NaCl concentrations and drought caused an increase in catalase production. With successive increase in NaCl concentration and drought stress, lower levels of H2O2, SOD, and MDA were detected in maize leaves. The results regarding the morphology of maize seedlings indicated a successive reduction in the root length and shoot length under applications of salt and drought stress, while root-to-shoot weights were found to be increased under drought stress and decreased under salt stress conditions During gene expression analysis collectively indicate that, under drought stress conditions, the expression levels of all nine mentioned enzyme-related genes were consistently downregulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qurban Ali
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan.
| | - Adnan Sami
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Zeshan Haider
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ashfaq
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Arshad Javed
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan.
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Zhang J, Chen X, Song Y, Gong Z. Integrative regulatory mechanisms of stomatal movements under changing climate. J Integr Plant Biol 2024; 66:368-393. [PMID: 38319001 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Global climate change-caused drought stress, high temperatures and other extreme weather profoundly impact plant growth and development, restricting sustainable crop production. To cope with various environmental stimuli, plants can optimize the opening and closing of stomata to balance CO2 uptake for photosynthesis and water loss from leaves. Guard cells perceive and integrate various signals to adjust stomatal pores through turgor pressure regulation. Molecular mechanisms and signaling networks underlying the stomatal movements in response to environmental stresses have been extensively studied and elucidated. This review focuses on the molecular mechanisms of stomatal movements mediated by abscisic acid, light, CO2 , reactive oxygen species, pathogens, temperature, and other phytohormones. We discussed the significance of elucidating the integrative mechanisms that regulate stomatal movements in helping design smart crops with enhanced water use efficiency and resilience in a climate-changing world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingbo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xuexue Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Yajing Song
- State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, National Academy of Agriculture Green Development, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhizhong Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100094, China
- Institute of Life Science and Green Development, School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, 071001, China
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Kant K, Rigó G, Faragó D, Benyó D, Tengölics R, Szabados L, Zsigmond L. Mutation in Arabidopsis mitochondrial Pentatricopeptide repeat 40 gene affects tolerance to water deficit. Planta 2024; 259:78. [PMID: 38427069 PMCID: PMC10907415 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-024-04354-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION The Arabidopsis Pentatricopeptide repeat 40 (PPR40) insertion mutants have increased tolerance to water deficit compared to wild-type plants. Tolerance is likely the consequence of ABA hypersensitivity of the mutants. Plant growth and development depend on multiple environmental factors whose alterations can disrupt plant homeostasis and trigger complex molecular and physiological responses. Water deficit is one of the factors which can seriously restrict plant growth and viability. Mitochondria play an important role in cellular metabolism, energy production, and redox homeostasis. During drought and salinity stress, mitochondrial dysfunction can lead to ROS overproduction and oxidative stress, affecting plant growth and survival. Alternative oxidases (AOXs) and stabilization of mitochondrial electron transport chain help mitigate ROS damage. The mitochondrial Pentatricopeptide repeat 40 (PPR40) protein was implicated in stress regulation as ppr40 mutants were found to be hypersensitive to ABA and high salinity during germination. This study investigated the tolerance of the knockout ppr40-1 and knockdown ppr40-2 mutants to water deprivation. Our results show that these mutants display an enhanced tolerance to water deficit. The mutants had higher relative water content, reduced level of oxidative damage, and better photosynthetic parameters in water-limited conditions compared to wild-type plants. ppr40 mutants had considerable differences in metabolic profiles and expression of a number of stress-related genes, suggesting important metabolic reprogramming. Tolerance to water deficit was also manifested in higher survival rates and alleviated growth reduction when watering was suspended. Enhanced sensitivity to ABA and fast stomata closure was suggested to lead to improved capacity for water conservation in such environment. Overall, this study highlights the importance of mitochondrial functions and in particular PPR40 in plant responses to abiotic stress, particularly drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamal Kant
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Temesvári Krt. 62, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor Rigó
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Temesvári Krt. 62, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Dóra Faragó
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Temesvári Krt. 62, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Dániel Benyó
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Temesvári Krt. 62, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Roland Tengölics
- Institute of Biochemistry, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Temesvári Krt. 62, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
| | - László Szabados
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Temesvári Krt. 62, 6726, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Laura Zsigmond
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Temesvári Krt. 62, 6726, Szeged, Hungary
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Zsigmond L, Juhász-Erdélyi A, Valkai I, Aleksza D, Rigó G, Kant K, Szepesi Á, Fiorani F, Körber N, Kovács L, Szabados L. Mitochondrial complex I subunit NDUFS8.2 modulates responses to stresses associated with reduced water availability. Plant Physiol Biochem 2024; 208:108466. [PMID: 38428158 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondria are important sources of energy in plants and are implicated in coordination of a number of metabolic and physiological processes including stabilization of redox balance, synthesis and turnover of a number of metabolites, and control of programmed cell death. Mitochondrial electron transport chain (mETC) is the backbone of the energy producing process which can influence other processes as well. Accumulating evidence suggests that mETC can affect responses to environmental stimuli and modulate tolerance to extreme conditions such as drought or salinity. Screening for stress responses of 13 Arabidopsis mitochondria-related T-DNA insertion mutants, we identified ndufs8.2-1 which has an increased ability to withstand osmotic and oxidative stresses compared to wild type plants. Insertion in ndufs8.2-1 disrupted the gene that encodes the NADH dehydrogenase [ubiquinone] fragment S subunit 8 (NDUFS8) a component of Complex I of mETC. ndufs8.2-1 tolerated reduced water availability, retained photosynthetic activity and recovered from severe water stress with higher efficiency compared to wild type plants. Several mitochondrial functions were altered in the mutant including oxygen consumption, ROS production, ATP and ADP content as well as activities of genes encoding alternative oxidase 1A (AOX1A) and various alternative NAD(P)H dehydrogenases (ND). Our results suggest that in the absence of NDUFS8.2 stress-induced ROS generation is restrained leading to reduced oxidative damage and improved tolerance to water deficiency. mETC components can be implicated in redox and energy homeostasis and modulate responses to stresses associated with reduced water availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Zsigmond
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary.
| | - Annabella Juhász-Erdélyi
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ildikó Valkai
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Dávid Aleksza
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor Rigó
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Kamal Kant
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Szepesi
- Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Science and Informatics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Fabio Fiorani
- Institute of Bio- and Geo-Sciences, IBG2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - Niklas Körber
- Nunhems - BASF Vegetable Seeds, Department of Data Science and Technology, Roermond, Netherlands
| | - László Kovács
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - László Szabados
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
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Ahmed J, Ismail A, Ding L, Yool AJ, Chaumont F. A new method to measure aquaporin-facilitated membrane diffusion of hydrogen peroxide and cations in plant suspension cells. Plant Cell Environ 2024; 47:527-539. [PMID: 37946673 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Plant aquaporins (AQPs) facilitate the membrane diffusion of water and small solutes, including hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) and, possibly, cations, essential signalling molecules in many physiological processes. While the determination of the channel activity generally depends on heterologous expression of AQPs in Xenopus oocytes or yeast cells, we established a genetic tool to determine whether they facilitate the diffusion of H2 O2 through the plasma membrane in living plant cells. We designed genetic constructs to co-express the fluorescent H2 O2 sensor HyPer and AQPs, with expression controlled by a heat shock-inducible promoter in Nicotiana tabacum BY-2 suspension cells. After induction of ZmPIP2;5 AQP expression, a HyPer signal was recorded when the cells were incubated with H2 O2 , suggesting that ZmPIP2;5 facilitates H2 O2 transmembrane diffusion; in contrast, the ZmPIP2;5W85A mutated protein was inactive as a water or H2 O2 channel. ZmPIP2;1, ZmPIP2;4 and AtPIP2;1 also facilitated H2 O2 diffusion. Incubation with abscisic acid and the elicitor flg22 peptide induced the intracellular H2 O2 accumulation in BY-2 cells expressing ZmPIP2;5. We also monitored cation channel activity of ZmPIP2;5 using a novel fluorescent photo-switchable Li+ sensor in BY-2 cells. BY-2 suspension cells engineered for inducible expression of AQPs as well as HyPer expression and the use of Li+ sensors constitute a powerful toolkit for evaluating the transport activity and the molecular determinants of PIPs in living plant cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jahed Ahmed
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Ahmed Ismail
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Lei Ding
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Andrea J Yool
- School of Biomedicine, Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing (IPAS), University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia
| | - François Chaumont
- Louvain Institute of Biomolecular Science and Technology, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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Ugalde JM. The one that takes it all: The essential role of VDAC3 in the redundant control of ABA signaling. Plant Physiol 2024; 194:598-600. [PMID: 37930307 PMCID: PMC10828218 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- José Manuel Ugalde
- Assistant Features Editor, Plant Physiology, American Society of Plant Biologists
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES)-Chemical Signalling, University of Bonn, Friedrich-Ebert-Allee 144, 53113 Bonn, Germany
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Qin H, Yang W, Liu Z, Ouyang Y, Wang X, Duan H, Zhao B, Wang S, Zhang J, Chang Y, Jiang K, Yu K, Zhang X. Mitochondrial VOLTAGE-DEPENDENT ANION CHANNEL 3 regulates stomatal closure by abscisic acid signaling. Plant Physiol 2024; 194:1041-1058. [PMID: 37772952 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/30/2023]
Abstract
In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), stomatal closure mediated by abscisic acid (ABA) is redundantly controlled by ABA receptor family proteins (PYRABACTIN RESISTANCE 1 [PYR1]/PYR1-LIKE [PYLs]) and subclass III SUCROSE NONFERMENTING 1 (SNF1)-RELATED PROTEIN KINASES 2 (SnRK2s). Among these proteins, the roles of PYR1, PYL2, and SnRK2.6 are more dominant. A recent discovery showed that ABA-induced accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mitochondria promotes stomatal closure. By analyzing stomatal movements in an array of single and higher order mutants, we revealed that the mitochondrial protein VOLTAGE-DEPENDENT ANION CHANNEL 3 (VDAC3) jointly regulates ABA-mediated stomatal closure with a specialized set of PYLs and SnRK2s by affecting cellular and mitochondrial ROS accumulation. VDAC3 interacted with 9 PYLs and all 3 subclass III SnRK2s. Single mutation in VDAC3, PYLs (except PYR1 and PYL2), or SnRK2.2/2.3 had little effect on ABA-mediated stomatal closure. However, knocking out PYR1, PYL1/2/4/8, or SnRK2.2/2.3 in vdac3 mutants resulted in significantly delayed or attenuated ABA-mediated stomatal closure, despite the presence of other PYLs or SnRK2s conferring redundant functions. We found that cellular and mitochondrial accumulation of ROS induced by ABA was altered in vdac3pyl1 mutants. Moreover, H2O2 treatment restored ABA-induced stomatal closure in mutants with decreased stomatal sensitivity to ABA. Our work reveals that VDAC3 ensures redundant control of ABA-mediated stomatal closure by canonical ABA signaling components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan Joint International Laboratory for Crop Multi-Omics Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Wenqi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan Joint International Laboratory for Crop Multi-Omics Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Zile Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan Joint International Laboratory for Crop Multi-Omics Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Yi Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan Joint International Laboratory for Crop Multi-Omics Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan Joint International Laboratory for Crop Multi-Omics Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Haiyang Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crops Science, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Bing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan Joint International Laboratory for Crop Multi-Omics Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Shujie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan Joint International Laboratory for Crop Multi-Omics Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Junli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan Joint International Laboratory for Crop Multi-Omics Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Yuankai Chang
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Kun Jiang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ke Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan Joint International Laboratory for Crop Multi-Omics Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Xuebin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement, Henan Joint International Laboratory for Crop Multi-Omics Research, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
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Puli MR, Muchoki P, Yaaran A, Gershon N, Dalal A, Nalufunjo F, Dagan Y, Rosental L, Abadi S, Haber Z, Silva L, Brotman Y, Sade N, Yalovsky S. Null mutants of a tomato Rho of plants exhibit enhanced water use efficiency without a penalty to yield. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2309006120. [PMID: 38190516 PMCID: PMC10823239 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2309006120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Improving water use efficiency in crops is a significant challenge as it involves balancing water transpiration and CO2 uptake through stomatal pores. This study investigates the role of SlROP9, a tomato Rho of Plants protein, in guard cells and its impact on plant transpiration. The results reveal that SlROP9 null mutants exhibit reduced stomatal conductance while photosynthetic CO2 assimilation remains largely unaffected. Notably, there is a notable decrease in whole-plant transpiration in the rop9 mutants compared to the wild type, especially during noon hours when the water pressure deficit is high. The elevated stomatal closure observed in rop9 mutants is linked to an increase in reactive oxygen species formation. This is very likely dependent on the respiratory burst oxidase homolog (RBOH) NADPH oxidase and is not influenced by abscisic acid (ABA). Consistently, activated ROP9 can interact with RBOHB in both yeast and plants. In diverse tomato accessions, drought stress represses ROP9 expression, and in Arabidopsis stomatal guard cells, ABA suppresses ROP signaling. Therefore, the phenotype of the rop9 mutants may arise from a disruption in ROP9-regulated RBOH activity. Remarkably, large-scale field experiments demonstrate that the rop9 mutants display improved water use efficiency without compromising fruit yield. These findings provide insights into the role of ROPs in guard cells and their potential as targets for enhancing water use efficiency in crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mallikarjuna R. Puli
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv6997801, Israel
| | - Purity Muchoki
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv6997801, Israel
| | - Adi Yaaran
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv6997801, Israel
| | - Noga Gershon
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv6997801, Israel
| | - Ahan Dalal
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv6997801, Israel
| | - Felista Nalufunjo
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv6997801, Israel
| | - Yoav Dagan
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv6997801, Israel
| | - Leah Rosental
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva8410501, Israel
| | - Shiran Abadi
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv6997801, Israel
| | - Zachary Haber
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv6997801, Israel
| | - Lucas Silva
- Environmental Studies and Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR97403
| | - Yariv Brotman
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva8410501, Israel
| | - Nir Sade
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv6997801, Israel
| | - Shaul Yalovsky
- School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv6997801, Israel
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11
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Aslam A, Mahmood A, Ur-Rehman H, Li C, Liang X, Shao J, Negm S, Moustafa M, Aamer M, Hassan MU. Plant Adaptation to Flooding Stress under Changing Climate Conditions: Ongoing Breakthroughs and Future Challenges. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:3824. [PMID: 38005721 PMCID: PMC10675391 DOI: 10.3390/plants12223824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Climate-change-induced variations in temperature and rainfall patterns are a serious threat across the globe. Flooding is the foremost challenge to agricultural productivity, and it is believed to become more intense under a changing climate. Flooding is a serious form of stress that significantly reduces crop yields, and future climatic anomalies are predicted to make the problem even worse in many areas of the world. To cope with the prevailing flooding stress, plants have developed different morphological and anatomical adaptations in their roots, aerenchyma cells, and leaves. Therefore, researchers are paying more attention to identifying developed and adopted molecular-based plant mechanisms with the objective of obtaining flooding-resistant cultivars. In this review, we discuss the various physiological, anatomical, and morphological adaptations (aerenchyma cells, ROL barriers (redial O2 loss), and adventitious roots) and the phytohormonal regulation in plants under flooding stress. This review comprises ongoing innovations and strategies to mitigate flooding stress, and it also provides new insights into how this knowledge can be used to improve productivity in the scenario of a rapidly changing climate and increasing flood intensity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amna Aslam
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; (A.A.); (H.U.-R.)
| | - Athar Mahmood
- Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan;
| | - Hafeez Ur-Rehman
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38040, Pakistan; (A.A.); (H.U.-R.)
| | - Cunwu Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Water Engineering Materials and Structures, Guangxi Institute of Water Resources Research, Nanning 530023, China; (C.L.); (J.S.)
| | - Xuewen Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Water Engineering Materials and Structures, Guangxi Institute of Water Resources Research, Nanning 530023, China; (C.L.); (J.S.)
| | - Jinhua Shao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Water Engineering Materials and Structures, Guangxi Institute of Water Resources Research, Nanning 530023, China; (C.L.); (J.S.)
| | - Sally Negm
- Department of Life Sciences, College of Science and Art Mahyel Aseer, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mahmoud Moustafa
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Muhammad Aamer
- Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (M.A.); (M.U.H.)
| | - Muhammad Umair Hassan
- Research Center on Ecological Sciences, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (M.A.); (M.U.H.)
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12
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Arnaud D, Deeks MJ, Smirnoff N. RBOHF activates stomatal immunity by modulating both reactive oxygen species and apoplastic pH dynamics in Arabidopsis. Plant J 2023; 116:404-415. [PMID: 37421599 PMCID: PMC10952706 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
Stomatal defences are important for plants to prevent pathogen entry and further colonisation of leaves. Apoplastic reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by NADPH oxidases and apoplastic peroxidases play an important role in activating stomatal closure upon perception of bacteria. However, downstream events, particularly the factors influencing cytosolic hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) signatures in guard cells are poorly understood. We used the H2 O2 sensor roGFP2-Orp1 and a ROS-specific fluorescein probe to study intracellular oxidative events during stomatal immune response using Arabidopsis mutants involved in the apoplastic ROS burst. Surprisingly, the NADPH oxidase mutant rbohF showed over-oxidation of roGFP2-Orp1 by a pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) in guard cells. However, stomatal closure was not tightly correlated with high roGFP2-Orp1 oxidation. In contrast, RBOHF was necessary for PAMP-mediated ROS production measured by a fluorescein-based probe in guard cells. Unlike previous reports, the rbohF mutant, but not rbohD, was impaired in PAMP-triggered stomatal closure resulting in defects in stomatal defences against bacteria. Interestingly, RBOHF also participated in PAMP-induced apoplastic alkalinisation. The rbohF mutants were also partly impaired in H2 O2 -mediated stomatal closure at 100 μm while higher H2 O2 concentration up to 1 mm did not promote stomatal closure in wild-type plants. Our results provide novel insights on the interplay between apoplastic and cytosolic ROS dynamics and highlight the importance of RBOHF in plant immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Arnaud
- Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Life SciencesUniversity of ExeterExeterEX4 4QDUK
| | - Michael J. Deeks
- Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Life SciencesUniversity of ExeterExeterEX4 4QDUK
| | - Nicholas Smirnoff
- Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Life SciencesUniversity of ExeterExeterEX4 4QDUK
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13
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Wang J, Yuan Z, Li D, Cai M, Liang Z, Chen Q, Du X, Wang J, Gu R, Li L. Transcriptome Analysis Revealed the Potential Molecular Mechanism of Anthocyanidins' Improved Salt Tolerance in Maize Seedlings. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:2793. [PMID: 37570948 PMCID: PMC10421157 DOI: 10.3390/plants12152793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Anthocyanin, a kind of flavonoid, plays a crucial role in plant resistance to abiotic stress. Salt stress is a kind of abiotic stress that can damage the growth and development of plant seedlings. However, limited research has been conducted on the involvement of maize seedlings in salt stress resistance via anthocyanin accumulation, and its potential molecular mechanism is still unclear. Therefore, it is of great significance for the normal growth and development of maize seedlings to explore the potential molecular mechanism of anthocyanin improving salt tolerance of seedlings via transcriptome analysis. In this study, we identified two W22 inbred lines (tolerant line pur-W22 and sensitive line bro-W22) exhibiting differential tolerance to salt stress during seedling growth and development but showing no significant differences in seedling characteristics under non-treatment conditions. In order to identify the specific genes involved in seedlings' salt stress response, we generated two recombinant inbred lines (RILpur-W22 and RILbro-W22) by crossing pur-W22 and bro-W22, and then performed transcriptome analysis on seedlings grown under both non-treatment and salt treatment conditions. A total of 6100 and 5710 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in RILpur-W22 and RILbro-W22 seedlings, respectively, under salt-stressed conditions when compared to the non-treated groups. Among these DEGs, 3160 were identified as being present in both RILpur-W22 and RILbro-W22, and these served as commonly stressed EDGs that were mainly enriched in the redox process, the monomer metabolic process, catalytic activity, the plasma membrane, and metabolic process regulation. Furthermore, we detected 1728 specific DEGs in the salt-tolerant RILpur-W22 line that were not detected in the salt-sensitive RILbro-W22 line, of which 887 were upregulated and 841 were downregulated. These DEGs are primarily associated with redox processes, biological regulation, and the plasma membrane. Notably, the anthocyanin synthesis related genes in RILpur-W22 were strongly induced under salt treatment conditions, which was consistented with the salt tolerance phenotype of its seedlings. In summary, the results of the transcriptome analysis not only expanded our understanding of the complex molecular mechanism of anthocyanin in improving the salt tolerance of maize seedlings, but also, the DEGs specifically expressed in the salt-tolerant line (RILpur-W22) provided candidate genes for further genetic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Wang
- Beijing Innovation Center for Crop Seed Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (J.W.); (Z.Y.); (D.L.); (M.C.); (Z.L.); (Q.C.); (X.D.); (J.W.)
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science, Haikou 571101, China
- Sanya Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Science, Sanya 572000, China
| | - Zhipeng Yuan
- Beijing Innovation Center for Crop Seed Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (J.W.); (Z.Y.); (D.L.); (M.C.); (Z.L.); (Q.C.); (X.D.); (J.W.)
- Sanya Institute, China Agricultural University, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Delin Li
- Beijing Innovation Center for Crop Seed Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (J.W.); (Z.Y.); (D.L.); (M.C.); (Z.L.); (Q.C.); (X.D.); (J.W.)
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Minghao Cai
- Beijing Innovation Center for Crop Seed Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (J.W.); (Z.Y.); (D.L.); (M.C.); (Z.L.); (Q.C.); (X.D.); (J.W.)
| | - Zhi Liang
- Beijing Innovation Center for Crop Seed Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (J.W.); (Z.Y.); (D.L.); (M.C.); (Z.L.); (Q.C.); (X.D.); (J.W.)
| | - Quanquan Chen
- Beijing Innovation Center for Crop Seed Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (J.W.); (Z.Y.); (D.L.); (M.C.); (Z.L.); (Q.C.); (X.D.); (J.W.)
| | - Xuemei Du
- Beijing Innovation Center for Crop Seed Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (J.W.); (Z.Y.); (D.L.); (M.C.); (Z.L.); (Q.C.); (X.D.); (J.W.)
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Beijing Innovation Center for Crop Seed Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (J.W.); (Z.Y.); (D.L.); (M.C.); (Z.L.); (Q.C.); (X.D.); (J.W.)
| | - Riliang Gu
- Beijing Innovation Center for Crop Seed Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (J.W.); (Z.Y.); (D.L.); (M.C.); (Z.L.); (Q.C.); (X.D.); (J.W.)
| | - Li Li
- Beijing Innovation Center for Crop Seed Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (J.W.); (Z.Y.); (D.L.); (M.C.); (Z.L.); (Q.C.); (X.D.); (J.W.)
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14
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Mishra D. Hero or sidekick? Organellar reactive oxygen species during abscisic acid-induced stomatal closure. Plant Physiol 2023; 192:10-11. [PMID: 36760136 PMCID: PMC10152660 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Divya Mishra
- Assistant Features Editor, Plant Physiology, American Society of Plant Biologists, USA
- Department of Botany, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706, USA
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15
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Daryanavard H, Postiglione AE, Mühlemann JK, Muday GK. Flavonols modulate plant development, signaling, and stress responses. Curr Opin Plant Biol 2023; 72:102350. [PMID: 36870100 PMCID: PMC10372886 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2023.102350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Flavonols are plant-specialized metabolites with important functions in plant growth and development. Isolation and characterization of mutants with reduced flavonol levels, especially the transparent testa mutants in Arabidopsis thaliana, have contributed to our understanding of the flavonol biosynthetic pathway. These mutants have also uncovered the roles of flavonols in controlling development in above- and below-ground tissues, notably in the regulation of root architecture, guard cell signaling, and pollen development. In this review, we present recent progress made towards a mechanistic understanding of flavonol function in plant growth and development. Specifically, we highlight findings that flavonols act as reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavengers and inhibitors of auxin transport in diverse tissues and cell types to modulate plant growth and development and responses to abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hana Daryanavard
- Climate Resilient Crop Production Laboratory, Division of Crop Biotechnics, Department of Biosystems, Katholieke Universiteit (KU) Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Anthony E Postiglione
- Department of Biology, Center for Molecular Signaling, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
| | - Joëlle K Mühlemann
- Climate Resilient Crop Production Laboratory, Division of Crop Biotechnics, Department of Biosystems, Katholieke Universiteit (KU) Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Leuven Plant Institute, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gloria K Muday
- Department of Biology, Center for Molecular Signaling, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC, USA.
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