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Ngoye W, Ndukeki M, Muhogora W, Jusabani A, Ngaile J, Ngoya P, Sungura R, Ngatunga C, Hashmi N, Makungu H, Onoka E, Amirali M, Kileo A, Makoba A, Muhulo A, Ngulimi M, Balobegwa V, Edmund E, Masoud A, Matulanya M. Radiation exposure during CT procedures in Tanzania. Radiat Prot Dosimetry 2023; 200:97-105. [PMID: 37981295 DOI: 10.1093/rpd/ncad274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 09/03/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate optimisation status during common computed tomography (CT) procedures by determining values of volume computed tomography dose index (CTDIvol) and dose-length product (DLP) per examination. Patient and exposure data were collected from the CT console during various CT procedures. The results show that variations in CTDIvol and DLP values were mainly because of differences in the techniques used. The 75th percentile values were set as the third quartile of the median CTDIvol or DLP values for all hospitals. These values of 40.9, 9.0, 9.4 and 16.2 mGy for CTDIvol were determined for head, high-resolution chest, abdomen-pelvis and lumbar spine, respectively. The corresponding DLP values for the same sequence of CT procedures were 900, 360, 487 and 721 mGy.cm, respectively. The updated results provide a basis for optimising the procedures of CT in this country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilson Ngoye
- Tanzania Atomic Energy Commission, P.O. Box 743, Block J, Njiro, 23114 Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Mussa Ndukeki
- Muhimbili National Hospital, Malik Road, P.O. Box 65000, West Upanga, 8920 Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Wilbroad Muhogora
- Tanzania Atomic Energy Commission, P.O. Box 743, Block J, Njiro, 23114 Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Ahmed Jusabani
- Aga Khan Medical Centre, P.O. Box 2289, Baraka Obama Road, 11103 Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Justine Ngaile
- Tanzania Atomic Energy Commission, P.O. Box 743, Block J, Njiro, 23114 Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Patrick Ngoya
- Bugando Medical Centre, P.O. Box 1370, Makongoro Road, 33109 Mwanza, Tanzania
| | - Richard Sungura
- Arusha Lutheran Medical Centre, P.O. Box 17047, Fr. Babu Road, Block No. 54 Levolosi, 23104 Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Cecilia Ngatunga
- Mbeya Zonal Referral Hospital, P.O. Box 419, Hospital Hill Road, 53107 Mbeya, Tanzania
| | - Nazrina Hashmi
- TMJ Hospital, Mwai Kibaki Road, P.O. Box 20439, Mikocheni, 14112 Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Hilda Makungu
- Muhimbili National Hospital, Malik Road, P.O. Box 65000, West Upanga, 8920 Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Erick Onoka
- Arusha Lutheran Medical Centre, P.O. Box 17047, Fr. Babu Road, Block No. 54 Levolosi, 23104 Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Mudassir Amirali
- Muhimbili National Hospital, Malik Road, P.O. Box 65000, West Upanga, 8920 Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Abdallah Kileo
- Tanzania Atomic Energy Commission, P.O. Box 743, Block J, Njiro, 23114 Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Atumaini Makoba
- Tanzania Atomic Energy Commission, P.O. Box 743, Block J, Njiro, 23114 Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Alex Muhulo
- Tanzania Atomic Energy Commission, P.O. Box 743, Block J, Njiro, 23114 Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Miguta Ngulimi
- Tanzania Atomic Energy Commission, P.O. Box 743, Block J, Njiro, 23114 Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Vitus Balobegwa
- Tanzania Atomic Energy Commission, P.O. Box 743, Block J, Njiro, 23114 Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Elisha Edmund
- Tanzania Atomic Energy Commission, P.O. Box 743, Block J, Njiro, 23114 Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Ali Masoud
- Tanzania Atomic Energy Commission, P.O. Box 743, Block J, Njiro, 23114 Arusha, Tanzania
| | - Machibya Matulanya
- Tanzania Atomic Energy Commission, P.O. Box 743, Block J, Njiro, 23114 Arusha, Tanzania
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Suliman II, Khouqeer GA, Ahmed NA, Abuzaid MM, Sulieman A. Low-Dose Chest CT Protocols for Imaging COVID-19 Pneumonia: Technique Parameters and Radiation Dose. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13040992. [PMID: 37109522 PMCID: PMC10146316 DOI: 10.3390/life13040992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Chest computed tomography (CT) plays a vital role in the early diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of COVID-19 pneumonia during the pandemic. However, this raises concerns about excessive exposure to ionizing radiation. This study aimed to survey radiation doses in low-dose chest CT (LDCT) and ultra-low-dose chest CT (ULD) protocols used for imaging COVID-19 pneumonia relative to standard CT (STD) protocols so that the best possible practice and dose reduction techniques could be recommended. A total of 564 articles were identified by searching major scientific databases, including ISI Web of Science, Scopus, and PubMed. After evaluating the content and applying the inclusion criteria to technical factors and radiation dose metrics relevant to the LDCT protocols used for imaging COVID-19 patients, data from ten articles were extracted and analyzed. Technique factors that affect the application of LDCT and ULD are discussed, including tube current (mA), peak tube voltage (kVp), pitch factor, and iterative reconstruction (IR) algorithms. The CTDIvol values for the STD, LDCT, and ULD chest CT protocols ranged from 2.79-13.2 mGy, 0.90-4.40 mGy, and 0.20-0.28 mGy, respectively. The effective dose (ED) values for STD, LDCT, and ULD chest CT protocols ranged from 1.66-6.60 mSv, 0.50-0.80 mGy, and 0.39-0.64 mSv, respectively. Compared with the standard (STD), LDCT reduced the dose reduction by a factor of 2-4, whereas ULD reduced the dose reduction by a factor of 8-13. These dose reductions were achieved by applying scan parameters and techniques such as iterative reconstructions, ultra-long pitches, and fast spectral shaping with a tin filter. Using LDCT, the cumulative radiation dose of serial CT examinations during the acute period of COVID-19 may have been inferior or equivalent to that of conventional CT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim I Suliman
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11642, Saudi Arabia
- Deanship of Scientific Research, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11642, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghada A Khouqeer
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11642, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada A Ahmed
- Faculty of Science, Taibah University, Al Madinah Al Munawwarah 42353, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed M Abuzaid
- Medical Diagnostic Imaging Department, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdelmoneim Sulieman
- Radiology and Medical Imaging Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
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Tonkopi E, Wikan EJ, Hovland TO, Høgset S, Kofod TA, Sefenu SK, Hughes-Ryan E, d´Entremont-O´Connell D, Gunn C, Holter T, Johansen S. A survey of local diagnostic reference levels for the head, thorax, abdomen and pelvis computed tomography in Norway and Canada. Acta Radiol Open 2022; 11:20584601221131477. [PMID: 36225897 PMCID: PMC9549116 DOI: 10.1177/20584601221131477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Computed tomography (CT) contributes to 60% of the collective dose in medical
imaging. Literature has demonstrated that patient dose varies across regions
and countries. Establishing diagnostic reference levels (DRLs) contributes
to the optimization of clinical practices and radiation protection. Purpose To survey the dose indices (CTDIvol and dose-length product) for frequently
performed CT examinations from the chosen hospitals in Norway and Canada and
to determine local DRLs (LDRLs) based on the collected data. Material and Methods The survey included eight scanners from two Norwegian hospitals and four
scanners from four Canadian hospitals. Dosimetry data were collected for the
following routine CT examinations: head, contrast-enhanced thorax, and
abdomen and pelvis. Overall 480 adult average-sized patients from Norway and
360 from Canada were included in the survey. The LDRLs were determined as
the 75th percentile of distributions of median values of dose indicators
from different CT scanners. The differences in dose between scanners were
determined using single-factor ANOVA. Results The LDRLs determined in Norway were higher overall than in Canada. The
obtained values were compared to the national DRLs. The dose from several
scanners in Norway exceeded national Norwegian DRLs, while Canadian LDRLs
were below the Canadian reference levels. The differences between the means
of the dose distributions from each scanner were statistically significant
(p < 0.05) for all examinations with exception of
identical scanners located in the same hospital and using the same
protocols. Conclusion Observed dose variations even in the same hospital, or from the same scanner
model confirmed the need for CT protocol optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Tonkopi
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging,
Nova Scotia
Health Authority, Halifax, NS,
Canada,Department of Radiation Oncology,
Dalhousie
University, Halifax, NS, Canada,Department of Diagnostic Radiology,
Dalhousie
University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | | | | | - Sivert Høgset
- Health faculty,
Oslo
Metropolitan University, Oslo,
Norway
| | | | | | - Emily Hughes-Ryan
- School of Health Sciences,
Dalhousie
University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | | | - Catherine Gunn
- Department of Radiation Oncology,
Dalhousie
University, Halifax, NS, Canada,School of Health Sciences,
Dalhousie
University, Halifax, NS, Canada
| | - Tanja Holter
- Department of Physics and
Computational Radiology, Oslo University
Hospital, Oslo Norway
| | - Safora Johansen
- Health faculty,
Oslo
Metropolitan University, Oslo,
Norway,Department of Cancer Treatment,
Oslo
University Hospital, Oslo, Norway,Safora Johansen, Oslo Metropolitan
University and Oslo Hospital, Pilestredet 48, Oslo 0130, Norway.
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