1
|
Lee TY, Lee H, Lee J, Lee Y, Rhee SJ, Park DY, Paek MJ, Kim EY, Kim E, Roh S, Jung HY, Kim M, Kim SH, Ahn YM, Ha K, Kwon JS. The characteristics and clinical outcomes of a pluripotent high-risk group with the potential to develop a diverse range of psychiatric disorders. J Psychiatr Res 2024; 174:237-244. [PMID: 38653032 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2024.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have indicated that clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR-P) is highly specific for psychotic disorders other than pluripotential to various serious mental illnesses. However, not all CHR-P develop psychotic disorder only, and psychosis can occur in non-psychotic disorders as well. Our prospective cohort study aims to investigate the characteristics and clinical outcomes of a pluripotent high-risk group with the potential to develop a diverse range of psychiatric disorders. METHODS The SPRIM study is a prospective naturalistic cohort program that focuses on the early detection of those at risk of developing serious mental illness, including psychosis (CHR-P), bipolar (CHR-B), and depressive disorder (CHR-D), as well as undifferentiated risk participants (UCHR). Our study has a longitudinal design with a baseline assessment and eight follow-up evaluations at 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42, and 48 months to determine whether participants have transitioned to psychosis or mood disorders. RESULTS The SPRIM sample consisted of 90 CHR participants. The total cumulative incidence rate of transition was 53.3% (95% CI 32.5-77.2). CHR-P, CHR-B, CHR-D, and UCHR had cumulative incidence rates of 13.7% (95% CI 3.4-46.4), 52.4% (95% CI 28.1-81.1), 66.7% (95% CI 24.6-98.6) and 54.3% (95% CI 20.5-93.1), respectively. The cumulative incidence of psychosis, bipolar, and depressive disorder among all participants was 3.3% (95% CI 0.8-11.5), 45.7% (95% CI 24.4-73.6), and 11.2% (95% CI 3.1-36.2), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that the concept of pluripotent high-risk for a diverse range of psychiatric disorders is an integrative approach to examining transdiagnostic interactions between illnesses with a high transition rate and minimizing stigma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tae Young Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunju Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Junhee Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunna Lee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kosin University Gospel Hospital, Pusan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Jin Rhee
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Yeon Park
- Department of Psychiatry, National Center for Mental Health, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Jae Paek
- Department of Psychiatry, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Young Kim
- Seoul National University Health Service Center, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Euitae Kim
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungwon Roh
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Hanyang University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee Yeon Jung
- Department of Psychiatry, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Minah Kim
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Se Hyun Kim
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Min Ahn
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kyooseob Ha
- Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, Lions Gate Hospital - Vancouver Coastal Health, British Columbia, Canada.
| | - Jun Soo Kwon
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Institute of Human Behavioral Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Husain MO, Chaudhry IB, Khoso AB, Foussias G, Shafique M, Shakoor S, Lane S, Abid M, Riaz M, Husain N, Qurashi I. Demographic and clinical correlates of suicidal ideation in individuals with at-risk mental state (ARMS): A study from Pakistan. Early Interv Psychiatry 2024; 18:132-139. [PMID: 37265199 DOI: 10.1111/eip.13444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Suicide is a major public health concern and one of the leading causes of mortality worldwide. People with an at-risk-mental-state (ARMS) for psychosis are more vulnerable to psychiatric co-morbidity and suicide, however, there are limited data from low-middle-income countries. The present study aimed to identify the prevalence of depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation along with sociodemographic and clinical correlates of suicidal ideation in individuals with ARMS from Pakistan. METHOD Participants between the age of 16 and 35 years who met the criteria for ARMS based on the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental State (CAARMS), were recruited from the community, general practitioner clinics and psychiatric units across Pakistan (n = 326). Montgomery and Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS) and Social-Occupational-Functional-Assessment-Scale (SOFAS) were administered to participants. RESULTS The prevalence of depressive symptoms and suicidal thoughts in the sample at baseline were 91.1% (n = 297) and 61.0% (n = 199), respectively. There were significant mean differences between groups (mean difference [95% CI]; p-value) without suicidal ideation and with suicidal ideation on measures of MADRS (-5.47 [-7.14, -3.81]; p < .001), CAARMS non-bizarre ideas (-0.29 [-0.47, -0.11]; p = .002) and perceptual abnormalities (-0.23 [-0.41, -0.04]; p = .015). CONCLUSION These findings indicate that suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms are highly prevalent in individuals with ARMS in Pakistan. Given the pivotal developmental stages that ARMS presents, and the poor outcomes associated with co-morbid depression, there is an urgent need to prioritize the development of low-cost and scalable evidence-based interventions to address psychiatric comorbidity and suicidality in the ARMS population in Pakistan.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Omair Husain
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - I B Chaudhry
- Division of Psychology and Mental Health, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- Department of Psychiatry, Ziauddin University, Karachi, Pakistan
- Pakistan Institute of Living and Learning, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - A B Khoso
- Pakistan Institute of Living and Learning, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - G Foussias
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - M Shafique
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - S Shakoor
- Pakistan Institute of Living and Learning, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - S Lane
- Institute of Translational Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - M Abid
- Pakistan Institute of Living and Learning, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - M Riaz
- Pakistan Institute of Living and Learning, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - N Husain
- Mersey Care NHS Foundation Trust, Prescott, UK
- Institute of Population and Mental Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - I Qurashi
- Mersey Care NHS Foundation Trust, Prescott, UK
- Institute of Population and Mental Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Solmi M, Soardo L, Kaur S, Azis M, Cabras A, Censori M, Fausti L, Besana F, Salazar de Pablo G, Fusar-Poli P. Meta-analytic prevalence of comorbid mental disorders in individuals at clinical high risk of psychosis: the case for transdiagnostic assessment. Mol Psychiatry 2023; 28:2291-2300. [PMID: 37296309 PMCID: PMC10611568 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-023-02029-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Comorbid mental disorders in subjects at clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR-P) may impact preventive care. We conducted a PRISMA/MOOSE-compliant systematic meta-analysis, searching PubMed/PsycInfo up to June 21st, 2021 for observational studies/randomized controlled trials reporting on comorbid DSM/ICD-mental disorders in CHR-P subjects ( protocol ). The primary and secondary outcomes were baseline and follow-up prevalence of comorbid mental disorders. We also explored the association of comorbid mental disorders compared with CHR-P versus psychotic/non-psychotic control groups, their impact on baseline functioning and transition to psychosis. We conducted random-effects meta-analyses, meta-regression, and assessed heterogeneity/publication bias/quality (Newcastle Ottawa Scale, NOS). We included 312 studies (largest meta-analyzed sample = 7834, any anxiety disorder, mean age = 19.98 (3.40), females = 43.88%, overall NOS > 6 in 77.6% of studies). The prevalence was 0.78 (95% CI = 0.73-0.82, k = 29) for any comorbid non-psychotic mental disorder, 0.60 (95% CI = 0.36-0.84, k = 3) for anxiety/mood disorders, 0.44 (95% CI = 0.39-0.49, k = 48) for any mood disorders, 0.38 (95% CI = 0.33-0.42, k = 50) for any depressive disorder/episode, 0.34 (95% CI = 0.30-0.38, k = 69) for any anxiety disorder, 0.30 (95% CI 0.25-0.35, k = 35) for major depressive disorders, 0.29 (95% CI, 0.08-0.51, k = 3) for any trauma-related disorder, 0.23 (95% CI = 0.17-0.28, k = 24) for any personality disorder, and <0.23 in other mental disorders (I2 > 50% in 71.01% estimates). The prevalence of any comorbid mental disorder decreased over time (0.51, 95% CI = 0.25-0.77 over 96 months), except any substance use which increased (0.19, 95% CI = 0.00-0.39, k = 2, >96 months). Compared with controls, the CHR-P status was associated with a higher prevalence of anxiety, schizotypal personality, panic, and alcohol use disorders (OR from 2.90 to 1.54 versus without psychosis), a higher prevalence of anxiety/mood disorders (OR = 9.30 to 2.02) and lower prevalence of any substance use disorder (OR = 0.41, versus psychosis). Higher baseline prevalence of alcohol use disorder/schizotypal personality disorder was negatively associated with baseline functioning (beta from -0.40 to -0.15), while dysthymic disorder/generalized anxiety disorder with higher functioning (beta 0.59 to 1.49). Higher baseline prevalence of any mood disorder/generalized anxiety disorder/agoraphobia (beta from -2.39 to -0.27) was negatively associated with transition to psychosis. In conclusion, over three-quarters of CHR-P subjects have comorbid mental disorders, which modulate baseline functionig and transition to psychosis. Transdiagnostic mental health assessment should be warranted in subjects at CHR-P.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Solmi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- On Track, First Episode Psychosis Program, Department of Mental Health, The Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (OHRI) Clinical Epidemiology Program University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- School of Epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
- Early Psychosis: Interventions and Clinical-detection (EPIC) Lab, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Livia Soardo
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Simi Kaur
- Early Psychosis: Interventions and Clinical-detection (EPIC) Lab, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Matilda Azis
- Early Psychosis: Interventions and Clinical-detection (EPIC) Lab, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anna Cabras
- Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Roma, Italy
| | - Marco Censori
- Department of Neuroscience (DNS), University of Padova, Padua, Italy
- Dipartimento di Salute Mentale, Azienda ULSS 3 Serenissima, Venezia, Italy
| | - Luigi Fausti
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Filippo Besana
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Gonzalo Salazar de Pablo
- Early Psychosis: Interventions and Clinical-detection (EPIC) Lab, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Roma, Italy
- Department of Neuroscience (DNS), University of Padova, Padua, Italy
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London UK, London, UK
- Child and Adolescent Mental Health Services, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
- Institute of Psychiatry and Mental Health. Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón School of Medicine, Universidad Complutense, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón (IiSGM), CIBERSAM, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paolo Fusar-Poli
- Early Psychosis: Interventions and Clinical-detection (EPIC) Lab, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.
- Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhang D, Sun F, Chen J, Ding H, Wang X, Shen N, Li T, Ye S. Four trajectories of 24-hour urine protein levels in real-world lupus nephritis cohorts. RMD Open 2023; 9:rmdopen-2022-002930. [PMID: 37208030 DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2022-002930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A 24-hour urine protein (24hUP) is a key measurement in the management of lupus nephritis (LN); however, trajectories of 24hUP in LN is poorly defined. METHODS Two LN cohorts that underwent renal biopsies at Renji Hospital were included. Patients received standard of care in a real-world setting and 24hUP data were collected over time. Trajectory patterns of 24hUP were determined using the latent class mixed modelling (LCMM). Baseline characters were compared among trajectories and multinomial logistic regression was used to determine independent risk factors. Optimal combinations of variables were identified for model construction and user-friendly nomograms were developed. RESULTS The derivation cohort composed of 194 patients with LN with 1479 study visits and a median follow-up of 17.5 (12.2-21.7) months. Four trajectories of 24hUP were identified, that is, Rapid Responders, Good Responders, Suboptimal Responders and Non-Responders, with the KDIGO renal complete remission rates (time to complete remission, months) of 84.2% (4.19), 79.6% (7.94), 40.4% (not applicable) and 9.8% (not applicable), respectively (p<0.001). The 'Rapid Responders' distinguish itself from other trajectories and a nomogram, composed of age, systemic lupus erythematosus duration, albumin and 24hUP yielded C-indices >0.85. Another nomogram to predict 'Good Responders' yielded C-indices of 0.73~0.78, which composed of gender, new-onset LN, glomerulosclerosis and partial remission within 6 months. When applied to the validation cohort with 117 patients and 500 study visits, nomograms effectively sorted out 'Rapid Responders' and 'Good Responders'. CONCLUSION Four trajectories of LN shed some light to guide the management of LN and further clinical trials design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danting Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 2000 Jiangye Rd, Shanghai, 201112, China
| | - Fangfang Sun
- Department of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 2000 Jiangye Rd, Shanghai, 201112, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 2000 Jiangye Rd, Shanghai, 201112, China
| | - Huihua Ding
- Department of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 145 Shandong (M) Rd, Shanghai, 200001, China
| | - Xiaodong Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 2000 Jiangye Rd, Shanghai, 201112, China
| | - Nan Shen
- Department of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 145 Shandong (M) Rd, Shanghai, 200001, China
| | - Ting Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 2000 Jiangye Rd, Shanghai, 201112, China
| | - Shuang Ye
- Department of Rheumatology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 2000 Jiangye Rd, Shanghai, 201112, China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Michaels TI, Carrión RE, Addington J, Bearden CE, Cadenhead KS, Cannon TD, Keshavan M, Mathalon DH, McGlashan TH, Perkins DO, Seidman LJ, Stone WS, Tsuang MT, Walker EF, Woods SW, Cornblatt BA. Ethnoracial discrimination and the development of suspiciousness symptoms in individuals at clinical high-risk for psychosis. Schizophr Res 2023; 254:125-132. [PMID: 36857950 PMCID: PMC10106391 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2023.02.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS While individuals at clinical high-risk (CHR) for psychosis experience higher levels of discrimination than healthy controls, it is unclear how these experiences contribute to the etiology of attenuated positive symptoms. The present study examined the association of perceived discrimination with positive symptoms in a cohort from the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study (NAPLS2). It predicted that CHR individuals will report higher levels of lifetime and past year perceived discrimination related to their race and ethnicity (ethnoracial discrimination) and that this form of discrimination will be significantly associated with baseline positive symptoms. STUDY DESIGN Participants included 686 CHR and 252 healthy controls. The present study examined data from the perceived discrimination (PD) scale, the Brief Core Schema Scale, and the Scale for the Psychosis-Risk Symptoms. Structural equation modeling was employed to examine whether negative schema of self and others mediated the relation of past year ethnoracial PD to baseline suspiciousness symptoms. RESULTS CHR individuals report higher levels of past year and lifetime PD compared to healthy controls. Lifetime ethnoracial PD was associated with suspiciousness and total positive symptoms. Negative schema of self and others scores partially mediated the relation of past year ethnoracial PD to suspiciousness, one of five positive symptom criteria for CHR. CONCLUSIONS For CHR individuals, past year ethnoracial discrimination was associated with negative beliefs about themselves and others, which was associated with suspiciousness. These findings contribute to an emerging literature characterizing the mechanisms by which discrimination contributes to the positive symptoms characterizing the CHR syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy I Michaels
- Division of Psychiatry Research, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA; Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, The Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA.
| | - Ricardo E Carrión
- Division of Psychiatry Research, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA; Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, The Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA
| | - Jean Addington
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Carrie E Bearden
- Semel Institute for Neuroscience and Human Behavior, Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kristin S Cadenhead
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Tyrone D Cannon
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Psychology, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Matcheri Keshavan
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Massachusetts Mental Health Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel H Mathalon
- VA San Francisco Healthcare System, San Francisco, CA, USA; Department of Psychiatry and Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Thomas H McGlashan
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Diana O Perkins
- Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Larry J Seidman
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - William S Stone
- Department of Psychiatry, Harvard Medical School at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Massachusetts Mental Health Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ming T Tsuang
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Elaine F Walker
- Department of Psychology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Scott W Woods
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Barbara A Cornblatt
- Division of Psychiatry Research, The Zucker Hillside Hospital, Northwell Health, Glen Oaks, NY, USA; Center for Psychiatric Neuroscience, Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA; Department of Psychiatry, The Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA; Department of Molecular Medicine, The Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Terenzi D, Muth AK, Losecaat Vermeer A, Park SQ. Psychotic-like experiences in the lonely predict conspiratorial beliefs and are associated with the diet during COVID-19. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1006043. [DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1006043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has increased the occurrence of conspiracy theories. It has been suggested that a greater endorsement of these theories may be associated with psychotic-like experiences (PLEs), as well as with social isolation. In this preregistered study, we investigated whether both PLEs and measures of social isolation (e.g., loneliness) can predict conspiratorial beliefs and, if so, which of these variables can mediate the association with conspiratorial beliefs. Furthermore, based on previous studies on schizophrenia, we explored whether the diet is associated with PLEs and conspiratorial beliefs. Participants (N = 142) completed online questionnaires measuring PLEs, social isolation, mental well-being, and conspiratorial beliefs. They also submitted their daily food intake for a week using a smartphone app. We found that loneliness predicted the endorsement of conspiracy theories during the COVID-19 lockdown. Strikingly, the proneness to experience subclinical psychotic symptoms played an underlying mediating role. In addition, these subclinical symptoms were associated with lower fruit, carbohydrate, and iron intakes, as well as with higher fat intake. Our results add insights into how conspiratorial beliefs can affect individuals’ mental health and relationships. Moreover, these results open the avenue for potential novel intervention strategies to optimize food intake in individuals with PLEs.
Collapse
|
7
|
Monego E, Cremonese C, Gentili F, Fusar-Poli P, Shah JL, Solmi M. Clinical high at-risk mental state in young subjects accessing a mental disorder prevention service in Italy. Psychiatry Res 2022; 316:114710. [PMID: 35878479 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2022.114710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
We aim to assess how functioning, depressive symptoms, and psychotic symptoms are associated with different numbers of Clinical High At-Risk Mental State (CHARMS) categories. In this cross-sectional study, we assessed 62 help-seeking subjects aged 15-24 with a drop in functioning, with Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-5, Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale (SOFAS), Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental State to define risk for psychosis, Hamilton Depression Rating scale (HAM-D), Positive and Negative Symptoms Scale, 6 items (PANSS-6). CHARMS criteria were assessed via retrospective chart review. Overall, 30.6% did not meet any CHARMS component criteria at baseline (CHARMS-), 27.4%, 33.9% and 8.1% met one, two, and three or more CHARMS groups. Overall, 48.8% met criteria for ultra-high risk for psychosis (17.7% without other CHARMS categories), 25.8% risk of borderline personality disorder (3.2% alone), 35.5% mild depression (8.1% alone), 11.3% risk of bipolar disorder (1.6% alone). SOFAS score and HAM-D score worsened from CHARMS- to three or more CHARMS categories, whilst PANSS-6 score did not. In a multivariate regression only PANSS-6 (beta=-1.105, p<0.001) was associated with SOFAS (R2=0.385). Help-seeking youth with poor functioning present symptoms meeting CHARMS criteria. Meeting criteria for multiple CHARMS categories is associated with increased depressive, but not psychotic symptoms, while psychotic symptoms play a prominent role in determining functional impairment. Results should be interpreted within the limitations of the study including the small sample size and the cross-sectional design, and need further replications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enrico Monego
- Neurosciences Department, University of Padua, Italy
| | | | | | - Paolo Fusar-Poli
- Early Psychosis: Interventions and Clinical-detection (EPIC) Lab, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, Department of Psychosis Studies, King's College London, London, United Kingdom; Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Jai L Shah
- PEPP-Montreal, Douglas Mental Health University Institute, Montreal, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Marco Solmi
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Ottawa, Ontario, Canada; Department of Mental Health, The Ottawa Hospital, Ontario, Canada; Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (OHRI) Clinical Epidemiology Program University of Ottawa, Ottawa Ontario; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Tan Y, Fujita Y, Pu Y, Chang L, Qu Y, Wang X, Hashimoto K. Repeated intermittent administration of (R)-ketamine during juvenile and adolescent stages prevents schizophrenia-relevant phenotypes in adult offspring after maternal immune activation: a role of TrkB signaling. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2022; 272:693-701. [PMID: 34977960 PMCID: PMC9095544 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-021-01365-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Maternal immune activation (MIA) plays a role in the etiology of schizophrenia. MIA by prenatal exposure of polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)] in rodents caused behavioral and neurobiological changes relevant to schizophrenia in adult offspring. We investigated whether the novel antidepressant (R)-ketamine could prevent the development of psychosis-like phenotypes in adult offspring after MIA. We examined the effects of (R)-ketamine (10 mg/kg/day, twice weekly for 4 weeks) during juvenile and adolescent stages (P28-P56) on the development of cognitive deficits, loss of parvalbumin (PV)-immunoreactivity in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), and decreased dendritic spine density in the mPFC and hippocampus from adult offspring after prenatal poly(I:C) exposure. Furthermore, we examined the role of TrkB in the prophylactic effects of (R)-ketamine. Repeated intermittent administration of (R)-ketamine during juvenile and adolescent stages significantly blocked the development of cognitive deficits, reduced PV-immunoreactivity in the prelimbic (PrL) of mPFC, and decreased dendritic spine density in the PrL of mPFC, CA3 and dentate gyrus of the hippocampus from adult offspring after prenatal poly(I:C) exposure. Furthermore, pretreatment with ANA-12 (TrkB antagonist: twice weekly for 4 weeks) significantly blocked the beneficial effects of (R)-ketamine on cognitive deficits of adult offspring after prenatal poly(I:C) exposure. These data suggest that repeated intermittent administration of (R)-ketamine during juvenile and adolescent stages could prevent the development of psychosis in adult offspring after MIA. Therefore, (R)-ketamine would be a potential prophylactic drug for young subjects with high-risk for psychosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunfei Tan
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Yuko Fujita
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Yaoyu Pu
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Lijia Chang
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Youge Qu
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Xinming Wang
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan
| | - Kenji Hashimoto
- Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Chiba University Center for Forensic Mental Health, Chiba, 260-8670, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Fusar-Poli P, Minichino A, Brambilla P, Raballo A, Bertolino A, Borgatti R, Mensi M, Ferro A, Galderisi S. ITAlian partnership for psychosis prevention (ITAPP): Improving the mental health of young people. Eur Psychiatry 2021; 64:e62. [PMID: 34544509 PMCID: PMC8581702 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.2232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The European impact of the clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR-P) paradigm is constrained by the lack of critical mass (detection) to power prognostic and preventive interventions. Methods An ITAlian partnership for psychosis prevention (ITAPP) was created across CHR-P centers, which were surveyed to describe: (a) service, catchment area, and outreach; (b) service users; and (c) interventions and outcomes. Descriptive statistics and Kaplan–Meier failure function complemented the analyses. Results The ITAPP included five CHR-P clinical academic centers established from 2007 to 2018, serving about 13 million inhabitants, with a recruitment capacity of 277 CHR-P individuals (mean age: 18.7 years, SD: 4.8, range: 12–39 years; 53.1% females; 85.7% meeting attenuated psychotic symptoms; 85.8% without any substance abuse). All centers were multidisciplinary and included adolescents and young adults (transitional) primarily recruited through healthcare services. The comprehensive assessment of at-risk mental state was the most widely used instrument, while the duration of follow-up, type of outreach, and preventive interventions were heterogeneous. Across 205 CHR-P individuals with follow up (663.7 days ± 551.7), the cumulative risk of psychosis increased from 8.7% (95% CI 5.3–14.1) at 1 year to 15.9% (95% CI 10.6–23.3) at 2 years, 21.8% (95% CI 14.9–31.3) at 3 years, 34.8% (95% CI 24.5–47.9) at 4 years, and 51.9% (95% CI 36.3–69.6) at 5 years. Conclusions The ITAPP is one of the few CHR-P clinical research partnerships in Europe for fostering detection, prognosis, and preventive care, as well as for translating research innovations into practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Fusar-Poli
- Early Psychosis: Interventions and Clinical-Detection (EPIC) Lab, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom.,OASIS Service, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.,Department of Brain and Behavioral Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.,National Institute for Health Research, Maudsley Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Amedeo Minichino
- Early Psychosis: Interventions and Clinical-Detection (EPIC) Lab, Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Paolo Brambilla
- Dipartimento di Fisiopatologia Medico-Chirugica e dei Trapianiti, Università degli Studi di Milano La Statale, Milan, Italy.,Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Andrea Raballo
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università degli Studi di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bertolino
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche di Base, Neuroscienze e Organi di Senso, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
| | - Renato Borgatti
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Martina Mensi
- Child Neuropsychiatry Unit, IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy
| | - Adele Ferro
- Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milano, Italy
| | - Silvana Galderisi
- Dipartimento di Salute Mentale e Fisica e Medicina Preventiva, Università degli Studi della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| |
Collapse
|