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Alfaro-Quezada JF, Martínez JP, Molinett S, Valenzuela M, Montenegro I, Ramírez I, Dorta F, Ávila-Valdés A, Gharbi E, Zhou M, Dailly H, Quinet M, Lutts S, Seeger M. Rootstock increases the physiological defence of tomato plants against Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato infection. J Exp Bot 2023; 74:2891-2911. [PMID: 36723875 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erad040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Climate change has intensified the infection of tomato plants by pathogens such as Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato (Pst). Rootstocks may increase plant tolerance to leaf phytopathogens. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the tolerant Poncho Negro (R) tomato rootstock on physiological defence and the role of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in susceptible Limachino (L) tomato plant responses to Pst attack. Ungrafted (L), self-grafted (L/L), and grafted (L/R) plants were infected with Pst. Rootstock increased the concentration of antioxidant compounds including ascorbate in the scion. Tolerant rootstock induced an increase of H2S in the scion, which correlated with enhanced expression of the SlAPX2 gene. A high accumulation of salicylic acid was observed in Pst-inoculated grafted L/L and L/R plants, but this was higher in L/R plants. The increase of H2S during Pst infection was associated with a reduction of ethylene in L/R plants. Our study indicates that the Poncho Negro rootstock reduced the symptoms of bacterial speck disease in the Limachino tomato plants, conferring tolerance to Pst infection. This study provides new knowledge about the impact of rootstock in the defence of tomato plants against leaf pathogens that could be used in sustainable management of tomato cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Felipe Alfaro-Quezada
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biología Molecular Vegetal, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIA), Centro Regional La Cruz, Chorrillos 86, La Cruz, Chile
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular y Biotecnología Ambiental, Departamento de Química, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida España 1680, Valparaíso, Chile
- Centro de Biotecnología Dr. Daniel Alkalay Lowitt, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, General Bari 699, Valparaíso, Chile
- Laboratorio de Fitopatología de Frutales, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIA), Centro Regional Quilamapu, Avenida Vicente Méndez 515, Chillán, Chile
| | - Juan Pablo Martínez
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biología Molecular Vegetal, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIA), Centro Regional La Cruz, Chorrillos 86, La Cruz, Chile
| | - Sebastian Molinett
- Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biología Molecular Vegetal, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIA), Centro Regional La Cruz, Chorrillos 86, La Cruz, Chile
| | - Miryam Valenzuela
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular y Biotecnología Ambiental, Departamento de Química, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida España 1680, Valparaíso, Chile
- Centro de Biotecnología Dr. Daniel Alkalay Lowitt, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, General Bari 699, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Ivan Montenegro
- Escuela de Obstetricia y Puericultura, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Valparaíso, Angamos 655, Reñaca, Viña del Mar, Chile
| | - Ingrid Ramírez
- Centro de Biotecnología Dr. Daniel Alkalay Lowitt, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, General Bari 699, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Fernando Dorta
- Centro de Biotecnología Dr. Daniel Alkalay Lowitt, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, General Bari 699, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Andrea Ávila-Valdés
- Graduate School, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences & Centro de Investigación en Suelos Volcánicos, Universidad Austral de Chile, Campus Isla Teja, Valdivia, Chile
- Departamento de Producción Agrícola, Facultad de Ciencias Agronómicas, Universidad de Chile, Santa Rosa 11315, La Pintana, Santiago, Chile
| | - Emna Gharbi
- Groupe de Recherche en Physiologie Végétale (GRPV), Earth and Life Institute - Agronomy (ELI-A), Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Mingxi Zhou
- Groupe de Recherche en Physiologie Végétale (GRPV), Earth and Life Institute - Agronomy (ELI-A), Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
- Biology Centre, Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Plant Molecular Biology, Ceske Budejovice, 37005, Czech Republic
| | - Hélène Dailly
- Groupe de Recherche en Physiologie Végétale (GRPV), Earth and Life Institute - Agronomy (ELI-A), Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Muriel Quinet
- Groupe de Recherche en Physiologie Végétale (GRPV), Earth and Life Institute - Agronomy (ELI-A), Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Stanley Lutts
- Groupe de Recherche en Physiologie Végétale (GRPV), Earth and Life Institute - Agronomy (ELI-A), Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Michael Seeger
- Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular y Biotecnología Ambiental, Departamento de Química, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida España 1680, Valparaíso, Chile
- Centro de Biotecnología Dr. Daniel Alkalay Lowitt, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, General Bari 699, Valparaíso, Chile
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Ma M, Taylor PWJ, Chen D, Vaghefi N, He JZ. Major Soilborne Pathogens of Field Processing Tomatoes and Management Strategies. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11020263. [PMID: 36838227 PMCID: PMC9958975 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11020263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Globally, tomato is the second most cultivated vegetable crop next to potato, preferentially grown in temperate climates. Processing tomatoes are generally produced in field conditions, in which soilborne pathogens have serious impacts on tomato yield and quality by causing diseases of the tomato root system. Major processing tomato-producing countries have documented soilborne diseases caused by a variety of pathogens including bacteria, fungi, nematodes, and oomycetes, which are of economic importance and may threaten food security. Recent field surveys in the Australian processing tomato industry showed that plant growth and yield were significantly affected by soilborne pathogens, especially Fusarium oxysporum and Pythium species. Globally, different management methods have been used to control diseases such as the use of resistant tomato cultivars, the application of fungicides, and biological control. Among these methods, biocontrol has received increasing attention due to its high efficiency, target-specificity, sustainability and public acceptance. The application of biocontrol is a mix of different strategies, such as applying antagonistic microorganisms to the field, and using the beneficial metabolites synthesized by these microorganisms. This review provides a broad review of the major soilborne fungal/oomycete pathogens of the field processing tomato industry affecting major global producers, the traditional and biological management practices for the control of the pathogens, and the various strategies of the biological control for tomato soilborne diseases. The advantages and disadvantages of the management strategies are discussed, and highlighted is the importance of biological control in managing the diseases in field processing tomatoes under the pressure of global climate change.
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