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Pan J, Dong Q, Wen H, Liu Y, Wang X, Liu Y, Zhang X, Shi C, Zhao D, Lu X. Composition and Diversity of Endophytic Rhizosphere Microbiota in Apple Tree with Different Ages. Mol Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s12033-023-00794-z. [PMID: 37523021 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00794-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
In order to determine the underlying mechanism of the senescence occurring in older apple trees, the effects of tree age on the community structure and dominant genus of endophytic rhizosphere bacteria in apple were investigated. The diversity and structure of the bacterial communities and corresponding changes in the dominant genera of endophytic rhizosphere bacteria of apple at different ages (2, 8, 16, 22 years) were compared based on 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing technology. The results revealed that the longer the tree age, the less the number of ASV in the endophytic bacteria. Moreover, the number of ASV in the endophytic bacteria gradually decreased as the tree age increased, however no significant changes were observed in the alpha diversity. At the phyla level, the relative abundance of Actinobacteria increased, while that of Proteobateria decreased. At the genus level, the relative abundance of Mycobacterium, Chujaibacter, and other genera increased, while the relative abundance of Aquabacterium, Ralstonia, Streptomyces, Asticcacaulis, Hyphomicrobium, Pseudomonas, and Sphingomonas decreased. The reduced relative abundance of endophytic rhizosphere bacteria associated with plant growth and disease resistance may thus be the cause of tree senescence. This work acts as a reference to increases the understanding of plant-microbe interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyuan Pan
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, No. 289 Lingyusi Street, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Qinglong Dong
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Haibin Wen
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, No. 289 Lingyusi Street, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaojie Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, No. 289 Lingyusi Street, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Yanan Liu
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, No. 289 Lingyusi Street, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Xuemei Zhang
- College of Forestry, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, Hebei, China
- Hebei Walnut Technical Engineering Research Center, Lincheng, 054300, Hebei, China
| | - Chengmin Shi
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, No. 289 Lingyusi Street, Baoding, Hebei, China
| | - Dan Zhao
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, No. 289 Lingyusi Street, Baoding, Hebei, China.
| | - Xiujun Lu
- College of Plant Protection, Hebei Agricultural University, No. 289 Lingyusi Street, Baoding, Hebei, China.
- Hebei Walnut Technical Engineering Research Center, Lincheng, 054300, Hebei, China.
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Grinbergs D, Chilian J, Hahn C, Reyes M, Isla M, France A, Børve J. Silverleaf (Chondrostereum purpureum) Effects on Japanese Plum (Prunus salicina). Plants 2021; 10:plants10122777. [PMID: 34961248 PMCID: PMC8709163 DOI: 10.3390/plants10122777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Silverleaf is an important fungal trunk disease of fruit crops, such as Japanese plum (Prunus salicina). It is known that infection by Chondrostereum purpureum results in discolored wood, “silvered” foliage, and tree decline. However, effects on fruit yield and quality have not been assessed. Therefore, the objectives of this study were to determine C. purpureum pathogenicity on P. salicina and the effects on physiology, fruit yield, and quality, in Chile, in 2019 and 2020. Wood samples from affected plum trees were collected in the Chilean plum productive area. Fungi were isolated by plating wood sections from the necrosis margin on culture media. Morphological and molecular characteristics of the isolates corresponded to C. purpureum (98%). Representative isolates were inoculated from healthy plum plants and after 65-d incubation, wood necrotic lesions and silver leaves were visible. Fungi were reisolated, fulfilling Koch’s postulates. To determine Silverleaf effects, xylem water potential and fruit yield and quality were measured in healthy and Silverleaf-diseased plum trees ‘Angeleno’. Water potential was altered in diseased trees, and fruit yield was reduced by 51% (2019) and by 41% (2020) compared to fruit from healthy trees. Moreover, cover-colour, equatorial-diameter, and weight were reduced, and fruit were softer, failing to meet the criteria to be properly commercialized and exported to demanding markets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daina Grinbergs
- Laboratorio de Fitopatología de Frutales INIA Quilamapu, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA, Av. Vicente Méndez 515, Chillán 3780000, Chile; (C.H.); (M.R.); (M.I.); (A.F.)
- Correspondence: (D.G.); (J.C.); Tel.: +56-42-2206-832 (D.G. & J.C.)
| | - Javier Chilian
- Laboratorio de Fitopatología de Frutales INIA Quilamapu, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA, Av. Vicente Méndez 515, Chillán 3780000, Chile; (C.H.); (M.R.); (M.I.); (A.F.)
- Correspondence: (D.G.); (J.C.); Tel.: +56-42-2206-832 (D.G. & J.C.)
| | - Carla Hahn
- Laboratorio de Fitopatología de Frutales INIA Quilamapu, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA, Av. Vicente Méndez 515, Chillán 3780000, Chile; (C.H.); (M.R.); (M.I.); (A.F.)
| | - Marisol Reyes
- Laboratorio de Fitopatología de Frutales INIA Quilamapu, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA, Av. Vicente Méndez 515, Chillán 3780000, Chile; (C.H.); (M.R.); (M.I.); (A.F.)
| | - Mariana Isla
- Laboratorio de Fitopatología de Frutales INIA Quilamapu, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA, Av. Vicente Méndez 515, Chillán 3780000, Chile; (C.H.); (M.R.); (M.I.); (A.F.)
| | - Andrés France
- Laboratorio de Fitopatología de Frutales INIA Quilamapu, Instituto de Investigaciones Agropecuarias, INIA, Av. Vicente Méndez 515, Chillán 3780000, Chile; (C.H.); (M.R.); (M.I.); (A.F.)
| | - Jorunn Børve
- Norwegian Institute of Bioeconomy Research, NIBIO, P.O. Box 115, 1431 Ås, Norway;
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