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Kong W, Mao J, Yang Y, Yuan J, Chen J, Luo Y, Lai T, Zuo L. Mechanisms of mTOR and Autophagy in Human Endothelial Cell Infected with Dengue Virus-2. Viral Immunol 2021; 33:61-70. [PMID: 31978319 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2019.0009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The mechanistic mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) plays a crucial role in response to many major cellular processes, including cellular metabolism, proliferation, and autophagy. Both mTOR and autophagy are suggested to be involved in the viral infection. However, little is known about the role of mTOR and autophagy in human endothelial cell infected with dengue virus-2 (DENV-2), this study is to investigate the role of mTOR and autophagy in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) infected with DENV-2 and related regulatory mechanisms. HUVECs were cultured in epithelial cell medium. A series of experiments involving immunohistochemistry, TCID50 method, real-time PCR, western blot, and laser confocal were performed in this study. The cell line was identified as HUVEC by the expression of cell factor VIII. The expression level of DENV-2 mRNA increased and showed an upward trend. Compared with the control group, the fluorescence of autophagy-labeled protein LC3B and lysosome-labeled protein lysosome-associated membrane protein 1 (LAMP1) in the cytoplasm of HUVEC induced by rapamycin was observed, and intensity was significantly enhanced under confocal laser scanning microscope, after fluorescence synthesis, the fluorescence of autophagy-labeled protein LC3B and lysosome-labeled protein LAMP1 overlaps were reduced. The intensity of fluorescence of autophagy-labeled protein LC3B and lysosome-labeled protein LAMP1 increased in 1 × 104 TCID50 DENV-2 infection group, after fluorescence synthesis, fluorescence of autophagy-labeled protein LC3B, lysosome-labeled protein LAMP1, and DEN2 NS1 overlapped. Compared with the control group, the phosphorylation level of mTOR, Atg13, and p-ULK1 in DENV-2-infected group or Rapa treatment group decreased significantly (p < 0.05), and the level of LC3-II increased significantly (p < 0.05). These results suggest that DENV-2 induces autophagy in HUVECs through mTOR signaling molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiying Kong
- Department of Immunology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- Center for Clinical Laboratories, The Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jiaxuan Mao
- Department of Immunology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yang Yang
- Department of Immunology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jing Yuan
- Department of Immunology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Junhao Chen
- Department of Immunology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yu Luo
- Department of Immunology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Tao Lai
- Department of Immunology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Li Zuo
- Department of Immunology, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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Auerswald H, de Jesus A, Seixas G, Nazareth T, In S, Mao S, Duong V, Silva AC, Paul R, Dussart P, Sousa CA. First dengue virus seroprevalence study on Madeira Island after the 2012 outbreak indicates unreported dengue circulation. Parasit Vectors 2019; 12:103. [PMID: 30867031 PMCID: PMC6417143 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-019-3357-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In 2012, the first dengue virus outbreak was reported on the Portuguese island of Madeira with 1080 confirmed cases. Dengue virus of serotype 1 (DENV-1), probably imported from Venezuela, caused this outbreak with autochthonous transmission by invasive Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Results We investigated the seroprevalence among the population on Madeira Island four years after the outbreak. Study participants (n = 358), representative of the island population regarding their age and gender, were enrolled in 2012 in a cross-sectional study. Dengue antibodies were detected with an in-house enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using the dimer of domain III (ED3) of the DENV-1 envelope protein as well as commercial Panbio indirect and capture IgG ELISAs. Positive ELISA results were validated with a neutralization test. The overall seroprevalence was found to be 7.8% (28/358) with the in-house ELISA, whereas the commercial DENV indirect ELISA detected IgG antibodies in 8.9% of the individuals (32/358). The results of the foci reduction neutralization test confirmed DENV-1 imported from South America as the causative agent of the 2012 epidemic. Additionally, we found a higher seroprevalence in study participants with an age above 60 years old and probable secondary DENV infected individuals indicating unreported dengue circulation before or after 2012 on Madeira Island. Conclusions This study revealed that the number of infections might have been much higher than estimated from only confirmed cases in 2012/2013. These mainly DENV-1 immune individuals are not protected from a secondary DENV infection and the majority of the population of Madeira Island is still naïve for DENV. Surveillance of mosquitoes and arboviruses should be continued on Madeira Island as well as in other European areas where invasive vector mosquitoes are present. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13071-019-3357-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heidi Auerswald
- Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Institut Pasteur International Network, PO Box 983, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Ana de Jesus
- GHTM-Global Health and Tropical Medicine, 1349-008, Lisbon, Portugal.,UEI Medical Parasitology, Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine of Lisbon, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Gonçalo Seixas
- GHTM-Global Health and Tropical Medicine, 1349-008, Lisbon, Portugal.,UEI Medical Parasitology, Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine of Lisbon, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Teresa Nazareth
- GHTM-Global Health and Tropical Medicine, 1349-008, Lisbon, Portugal.,UEI Medical Parasitology, Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine of Lisbon, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Saraden In
- Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Institut Pasteur International Network, PO Box 983, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Sokthearom Mao
- Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Institut Pasteur International Network, PO Box 983, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Veasna Duong
- Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Institut Pasteur International Network, PO Box 983, Phnom Penh, Cambodia
| | - Ana Clara Silva
- Departamento de Saúde, Planeamento e Administração Geral, Instituto de Administração da Saúde e Assuntos Sociais, IP-RAM, Funchal, Madeira, Portugal.,Madeira Regional Government, Institute of Health and Social Affairs, Av. Zarco, Funchal, Madeira, Portugal
| | - Richard Paul
- Functional Genetics of Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Genomes and Genetics, Institut Pasteur, 75015, Paris, France.,Génomique évolutive, modélisation et santé UMR 2000, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), 75724, Paris Cedex 15, France
| | - Philippe Dussart
- Virology Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Institut Pasteur International Network, PO Box 983, Phnom Penh, Cambodia.
| | - Carla Alexandra Sousa
- GHTM-Global Health and Tropical Medicine, 1349-008, Lisbon, Portugal.,UEI Medical Parasitology, Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine of Lisbon, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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