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Fu Y, Wang B, Wang K, Tang X, Li B, Yin Z, Han J, Lin CD, Jin C. Controlling laser-dressed resonance line shape using attosecond extreme-ultraviolet pulse with a spectral minimum. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2307836121. [PMID: 38170749 PMCID: PMC10786267 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2307836121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
High-harmonic generation from a gas target exhibits sharp spectral features and rapid phase variation near the Cooper minimum. By applying spectral filtering, shaped isolated attosecond pulses can be generated where the pulse is split into two in the time domain. Using such shaped extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) pulses, we theoretically study attosecond transient absorption (ATA) spectra of helium [Formula: see text] autoionizing state which is resonantly coupled to the [Formula: see text] dark state by a time-delayed infrared laser. Our simulations show that the asymmetric [Formula: see text] Fano line shape can be readily tuned into symmetric Lorentzian within the time delay of a few tens of attoseconds. Such efficient control is due to the destructive interference in the generation of the [Formula: see text] state when it is excited by a strongly shaped XUV pulse. This is to be compared to prior experiments where tuning the line shape of a Fano resonance would take tens of femtoseconds. We also show that the predicted ATA spectral line shape can be observed experimentally after propagation in a gas medium. Our results suggest that strongly shaped attosecond XUV pulses offer the opportunity for controlling and probing fine features of narrow resonances on the few-ten attoseconds timescale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Fu
- Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu210094, China
| | - Bincheng Wang
- Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu210094, China
| | - Kan Wang
- Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu210094, China
| | - Xiangyu Tang
- Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu210094, China
| | - Baochang Li
- Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu210094, China
| | - Zhiming Yin
- Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu210094, China
| | - Jiaxin Han
- Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu210094, China
| | - C. D. Lin
- Department of Physics, James R. Macdonald Laboratory, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS66506
| | - Cheng Jin
- Department of Applied Physics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu210094, China
- Ministry of Industry and Information Technology Key Laboratory of Semiconductor Microstructure and Quantum Sensing, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu210094, China
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2
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Woźniak AP, Lewenstein M, Moszyński R. Exploring the attosecond laser-driven electron dynamics in the hydrogen molecule with different real-time time-dependent configuration interaction approaches. Advances in Quantum Chemistry 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aiq.2023.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
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3
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Borrego-Varillas R, Lucchini M, Nisoli M. Attosecond spectroscopy for the investigation of ultrafast dynamics in atomic, molecular and solid-state physics. Rep Prog Phys 2022; 85:066401. [PMID: 35294930 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/ac5e7f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Since the first demonstration of the generation of attosecond pulses (1 as = 10-18s) in the extreme-ultraviolet spectral region, several measurement techniques have been introduced, at the beginning for the temporal characterization of the pulses, and immediately after for the investigation of electronic and nuclear ultrafast dynamics in atoms, molecules and solids with unprecedented temporal resolution. The attosecond spectroscopic tools established in the last two decades, together with the development of sophisticated theoretical methods for the interpretation of the experimental outcomes, allowed to unravel and investigate physical processes never observed before, such as the delay in photoemission from atoms and solids, the motion of electrons in molecules after prompt ionization which precede any notable nuclear motion, the temporal evolution of the tunneling process in dielectrics, and many others. This review focused on applications of attosecond techniques to the investigation of ultrafast processes in atoms, molecules and solids. Thanks to the introduction and ongoing developments of new spectroscopic techniques, the attosecond science is rapidly moving towards the investigation, understanding and control of coupled electron-nuclear dynamics in increasingly complex systems, with ever more accurate and complete investigation techniques. Here we will review the most common techniques presenting the latest results in atoms, molecules and solids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Borrego-Varillas
- Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Matteo Lucchini
- Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Mauro Nisoli
- Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies (IFN), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
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4
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Autuori A, Platzer D, Lejman M, Gallician G, Maëder L, Covolo A, Bosse L, Dalui M, Bresteau D, Hergott JF, Tcherbakoff O, Marroux HJB, Loriot V, Lépine F, Poisson L, Taïeb R, Caillat J, Salières P. Anisotropic dynamics of two-photon ionization: An attosecond movie of photoemission. Sci Adv 2022; 8:eabl7594. [PMID: 35319974 PMCID: PMC8942362 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abl7594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Imaging in real time the complete dynamics of a process as fundamental as photoemission has long been out of reach because of the difficulty of combining attosecond temporal resolution with fine spectral and angular resolutions. Here, we achieve full decoding of the intricate angle-dependent dynamics of a photoemission process in helium, spectrally and anisotropically structured by two-photon transitions through intermediate bound states. Using spectrally and angularly resolved attosecond electron interferometry, we characterize the complex-valued transition probability amplitude toward the photoelectron quantum state. This allows reconstructing in space, time, and energy the complete formation of the photoionized wave packet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Autuori
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, LIDYL,91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Dominique Platzer
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, LIDYL,91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Mariusz Lejman
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, LIDYL,91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | - Lucie Maëder
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, LIDYL,91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Antoine Covolo
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, LIDYL,91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Lea Bosse
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, LIDYL,91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Malay Dalui
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, LIDYL,91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - David Bresteau
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, LIDYL,91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | | | | | - Vincent Loriot
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Franck Lépine
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Lionel Poisson
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, LIDYL,91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d’Orsay,91405 Orsay, France
| | - Richard Taïeb
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Jérémie Caillat
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Pascal Salières
- Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, CNRS, LIDYL,91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
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Abstract
The interaction of electrons with strong laser fields is usually treated with semiclassical theory, where the laser is represented by an external field. There are analytic solutions for the free electron wave functions, which incorporate the interaction with the laser field exactly, but the joint effect of the atomic binding potential presents an obstacle for the analysis. Moreover, the radiation is a dynamical system, the number of photons changes during the interactions. Thus, it is legitimate to ask how can one treat the high order processes nonperturbatively, in such a way that the electron-atom interaction and the quantized nature of radiation be simultaneously taken into account? An analytic method is proposed to answer this question in the framework of nonrelativistic quantum electrodynamics. As an application, a quantum optical generalization of the strong-field Kramers-Heisenberg formula is derived for describing high-harmonic generation. Our formalism is suitable to analyse, among various quantal effects, the possible role of arbitrary photon statistics of the incoming field. The present paper is dedicated to the memory of Prof. Dr. Fritz Ehlotzky, who had significantly contributed to the theory of strong-field phenomena over many decades.
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Yang Z, Cao W, Mo Y, Xu H, Mi K, Lan P, Zhang Q, Lu P. All-optical attosecond time domain interferometry. Natl Sci Rev 2020; 8:nwaa211. [PMID: 34858599 PMCID: PMC8566176 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwaa211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferometry, a key technique in modern precision measurements, has been used for length measurement in engineering metrology and astronomy. An analogous time-domain interferometric technique would represent a significant complement to spatial domain applications and require the manipulation of interference on extreme time and energy scales. Here, we report an all-optical interferometer using laser-driven high order harmonics as attosecond temporal slits. By controlling the phase of the temporal slits with an external field, a time domain interferometer that preserves both attosecond temporal resolution and hundreds of meV energy resolution is implemented. We apply this exceptional temporal resolution to reconstruct the waveform of an arbitrarily polarized optical pulse, and utilize the provided energy resolution to interrogate the abnormal character of the transition dipole near the Cooper minimum in argon. This novel attosecond interferometry paves the way for high precision measurements in the time-energy domain using all-optical approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Wei Cao
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yunlong Mo
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Huiyao Xu
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Kang Mi
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Pengfei Lan
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Qingbin Zhang
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Peixiang Lu
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
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Gorman TT, Scarborough TD, Abanador PM, Mauger F, Kiesewetter D, Sándor P, Khatri S, Lopata K, Schafer KJ, Agostini P, Gaarde MB, DiMauro LF. Probing the interplay between geometric and electronic-structure features via high-harmonic spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:184308. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5086036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- T. T. Gorman
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - T. D. Scarborough
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - P. M. Abanador
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - F. Mauger
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - D. Kiesewetter
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - P. Sándor
- Department of Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - S. Khatri
- Department of Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - K. Lopata
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - K. J. Schafer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - P. Agostini
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - M. B. Gaarde
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, USA
| | - L. F. DiMauro
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
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8
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Abadie CQ, Wu M, Gaarde MB. Spatiotemporal filtering of high harmonics in solids. Opt Lett 2018; 43:5339-5342. [PMID: 30383001 DOI: 10.1364/ol.43.005339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/28/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We study the macroscopic spatial and temporal properties of harmonic radiation generated by a model solid in the interaction with an intense, focused laser beam. We show that different temporal contributions to the harmonic yield can be separated in the spatial domain because they lead to radiation with different divergences, similar to what is observed in gas-phase harmonic generation. We show that applying a spatial filter in the far field results in a temporal separation of the two contributions upon refocusing, which yields spatially collimated harmonics, a spectrum with well-resolved peaks, and a subcycle time profile of the harmonic radiation with only one burst per half-cycle.
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9
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Scarborough T, Gorman T, Mauger F, Sándor P, Khatri S, Gaarde M, Schafer K, Agostini P, Dimauro L. Full Characterization of a Molecular Cooper Minimum Using High-Harmonic Spectroscopy. Applied Sciences 2018; 8:1129. [DOI: 10.3390/app8071129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
High-harmonic generation was used to probe the spectral intensity and phase of the recombination-dipole matrix element of methyl chloride (CH3Cl), revealing a Cooper minimum (CM) analogous to the 3p CM previously reported in argon. The CM structure altered the spectral response and group delay (GD) of the emitted harmonics, and was revealed only through careful removal of all additional contributors to the GD. In characterizing the GD dispersion, also known as the “attochirp” we additionally present the most complete validation to date of the commonly used strong-field approximation for calculating the GD, demonstrating the correct intensity scaling and extending its usefulness to simple molecules.
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10
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Gruson V, Barreau L, Jiménez-Galan Á, Risoud F, Caillat J, Maquet A, Carré B, Lepetit F, Hergott JF, Ruchon T, Argenti L, Taïeb R, Martín F, Salières P. Attosecond dynamics through a Fano resonance: Monitoring the birth of a photoelectron. Science 2017; 354:734-738. [PMID: 27846602 DOI: 10.1126/science.aah5188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Accepted: 10/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The dynamics of quantum systems are encoded in the amplitude and phase of wave packets. However, the rapidity of electron dynamics on the attosecond scale has precluded the complete characterization of electron wave packets in the time domain. Using spectrally resolved electron interferometry, we were able to measure the amplitude and phase of a photoelectron wave packet created through a Fano autoionizing resonance in helium. In our setup, replicas obtained by two-photon transitions interfere with reference wave packets that are formed through smooth continua, allowing the full temporal reconstruction, purely from experimental data, of the resonant wave packet released in the continuum. In turn, this resolves the buildup of the autoionizing resonance on an attosecond time scale. Our results, in excellent agreement with ab initio time-dependent calculations, raise prospects for detailed investigations of ultrafast photoemission dynamics governed by electron correlation, as well as coherent control over structured electron wave packets.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Gruson
- LIDYL, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - L Barreau
- LIDYL, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - Á Jiménez-Galan
- Departamento de Química, Módulo 13, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - F Risoud
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Université Paris 6, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, and CNRS, UMR 7614, LCPMR, Paris, France
| | - J Caillat
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Université Paris 6, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, and CNRS, UMR 7614, LCPMR, Paris, France
| | - A Maquet
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Université Paris 6, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, and CNRS, UMR 7614, LCPMR, Paris, France
| | - B Carré
- LIDYL, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - F Lepetit
- LIDYL, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - J-F Hergott
- LIDYL, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - T Ruchon
- LIDYL, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - L Argenti
- Departamento de Química, Módulo 13, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - R Taïeb
- Sorbonne Université, UPMC Université Paris 6, UMR 7614, Laboratoire de Chimie Physique-Matière et Rayonnement, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France, and CNRS, UMR 7614, LCPMR, Paris, France
| | - F Martín
- Departamento de Química, Módulo 13, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain. .,Instituto Madrileño de Estudios Avanzados en Nanociencia (IMDEA-Nanociencia), Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.,Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - P Salières
- LIDYL, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France.
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11
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Schoun SB, Camper A, Salières P, Lucchese RR, Agostini P, DiMauro LF. Precise Access to the Molecular-Frame Complex Recombination Dipole through High-Harmonic Spectroscopy. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 118:033201. [PMID: 28157344 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.033201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We report on spectral intensity and group delay measurements of the highest-occupied molecular-orbital (HOMO) recombination dipole moment of N_{2} in the molecular-frame using high harmonic spectroscopy. We take advantage of the long-wavelength 1.3 μm driving laser to isolate the HOMO in the near threshold region, 19-67 eV. The precision of our group delay measurements reveals previously unseen angle-resolved spectral features associated with autoionizing resonances, and allows quantitative comparison with cutting-edge correlated 8-channel photoionization dipole moment calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S B Schoun
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - A Camper
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - P Salières
- LIDYL, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-Sur-Yvette, France
| | - R R Lucchese
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, USA
| | - P Agostini
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - L F DiMauro
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
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12
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Cattaneo L, Vos J, Lucchini M, Gallmann L, Cirelli C, Keller U. Comparison of attosecond streaking and RABBITT. Opt Express 2016; 24:29060-29076. [PMID: 27958571 DOI: 10.1364/oe.24.029060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Recent progress in the generation of ultra-short laser pulses has enabled the measurement of photoionization time delays with attosecond precision. For single photoemission time delays the most common techniques are based on attosecond streaking and the reconstruction of attosecond beating by interference of two-photon transitions (RABBITT). These are pump-probe techniques employing an extreme-ultraviolet (XUV) single attosecond pump pulse for streaking or an attosecond pump pulse train for RABBITT, and a phase-locked infrared (IR) probe pulse. These techniques can only extract relative timing information between electrons originating from different initial states within the same atom or different atoms. Here we address the question whether the two techniques give identical timing information. We present a complete study, supported by both experiments and simulations, comparing these two techniques for the measurement of the photoemission time delay difference between valence electrons emitted from the Ne 2p and Ar 3p ground states. We highlight not only the differences and similarities between the two techniques, but also critically investigate the reliability of the methods used to extract the timing information.
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13
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Huppert M, Jordan I, Baykusheva D, von Conta A, Wörner HJ. Attosecond Delays in Molecular Photoionization. Phys Rev Lett 2016; 117:093001. [PMID: 27610849 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.117.093001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
We report measurements of energy-dependent photoionization delays between the two outermost valence shells of N_{2}O and H_{2}O. The combination of single-shot signal referencing with the use of different metal foils to filter the attosecond pulse train enables us to extract delays from congested spectra. Remarkably large delays up to 160 as are observed in N_{2}O, whereas the delays in H_{2}O are all smaller than 50 as in the photon-energy range of 20-40 eV. These results are interpreted by developing a theory of molecular photoionization delays. The long delays measured in N_{2}O are shown to reflect the population of molecular shape resonances that trap the photoelectron for a duration of up to ∼110 as. The unstructured continua of H_{2}O result in much smaller delays at the same photon energies. Our experimental and theoretical methods make the study of molecular attosecond photoionization dynamics accessible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Huppert
- Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Inga Jordan
- Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Denitsa Baykusheva
- Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Aaron von Conta
- Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Hans Jakob Wörner
- Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 2, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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14
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Guggenmos A, Akil A, Ossiander M, Schäffer M, Azzeer AM, Boehm G, Amann MC, Kienberger R, Schultze M, Kleineberg U. Attosecond photoelectron streaking with enhanced energy resolution for small-bandgap materials. Opt Lett 2016; 41:3714-3717. [PMID: 27519070 DOI: 10.1364/ol.41.003714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Attosecond photoelectron streaking spectroscopy allows time-resolved electron dynamics with a temporal resolution approaching the atomic unit of time. Studies have been performed in numerous systems, including atoms, molecules, and surfaces, and the quest for ever higher temporal resolution called for ever wider spectral extent of the attosecond pulses. For typical experiments relying on attosecond pulses with a duration of 200 as, the time-bandwidth limitation for a Gaussian pulse implies a minimal spectral bandwidth larger than 9 eV translating to a corresponding spread of the detected photoelectron kinetic energies. Here, by utilizing a specially tailored narrowband reflective XUV multilayer mirror, we explore experimentally the minimal spectral width compatible with attosecond time-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy while obtaining the highest possible spectral resolution. The validity of the concept is proven by recording attosecond electron streaking traces from the direct semiconductor gallium arsenide (GaAs), with a nominal bandgap of 1.42 eV at room temperature, proving the potential of the approach for tracking charge dynamics also in these technologically highly relevant materials that previously have been inaccessible to attosecond science.
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Sabbar M, Heuser S, Boge R, Lucchini M, Carette T, Lindroth E, Gallmann L, Cirelli C, Keller U. Resonance Effects in Photoemission Time Delays. Phys Rev Lett 2015; 115:133001. [PMID: 26451550 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.115.133001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We present measurements of single-photon ionization time delays between the outermost valence electrons of argon and neon using a coincidence detection technique that allows for the simultaneous measurement of both species under identical conditions. The analysis of the measured traces reveals energy-dependent time delays of a few tens of attoseconds with high energy resolution. In contrast to photoelectrons ejected through tunneling, single-photon ionization can be well described in the framework of Wigner time delays. Accordingly, the overall trend of our data is reproduced by recent Wigner time delay calculations. However, besides the general trend we observe resonance features occurring at specific photon energies. These features have been qualitatively reproduced and identified by a calculation using the multiconfigurational Hartree-Fock method, including the influence of doubly excited states and ionization thresholds.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sabbar
- Physics Department, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - S Heuser
- Physics Department, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - R Boge
- Physics Department, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - M Lucchini
- Physics Department, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - T Carette
- Laboratoire de Chimie Quantique et Photophysique, CP160/09, Université Libre de Bruxelles, B 1050 Brussels, Belgium
- Physics Department, Stockholm University, AlbaNova University Center, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - E Lindroth
- Physics Department, Stockholm University, AlbaNova University Center, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - L Gallmann
- Physics Department, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Applied Physics, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - C Cirelli
- Physics Department, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - U Keller
- Physics Department, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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16
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Weber SJ, Manschwetus B, Billon M, Böttcher M, Bougeard M, Breger P, Géléoc M, Gruson V, Huetz A, Lin N, Picard YJ, Ruchon T, Salières P, Carré B. Flexible attosecond beamline for high harmonic spectroscopy and XUV/near-IR pump probe experiments requiring long acquisition times. Rev Sci Instrum 2015; 86:033108. [PMID: 25832212 DOI: 10.1063/1.4914464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We describe the versatile features of the attosecond beamline recently installed at CEA-Saclay on the PLFA kHz laser. It combines a fine and very complete set of diagnostics enabling high harmonic spectroscopy (HHS) through the advanced characterization of the amplitude, phase, and polarization of the harmonic emission. It also allows a variety of photo-ionization experiments using magnetic bottle and COLTRIMS (COLd Target Recoil Ion Momentum Microscopy) electron spectrometers that may be used simultaneously, thanks to a two-foci configuration. Using both passive and active stabilization, special care was paid to the long term stability of the system to allow, using both experimental approaches, time resolved studies with attosecond precision, typically over several hours of acquisition times. As an illustration, applications to multi-orbital HHS and electron-ion coincidence time resolved spectroscopy are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Weber
- Commissariat l'Energie Atomique, Laser, Interactions and Dynamics Laboratory (LIDyL), DSM/IRAMIS, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - B Manschwetus
- Commissariat l'Energie Atomique, Laser, Interactions and Dynamics Laboratory (LIDyL), DSM/IRAMIS, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - M Billon
- Commissariat l'Energie Atomique, Laser, Interactions and Dynamics Laboratory (LIDyL), DSM/IRAMIS, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - M Böttcher
- ISMO, UMR 8214, Université Paris-Sud, Batiment 350, Orsay, France
| | - M Bougeard
- Commissariat l'Energie Atomique, Laser, Interactions and Dynamics Laboratory (LIDyL), DSM/IRAMIS, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - P Breger
- Commissariat l'Energie Atomique, Laser, Interactions and Dynamics Laboratory (LIDyL), DSM/IRAMIS, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - M Géléoc
- Commissariat l'Energie Atomique, Laser, Interactions and Dynamics Laboratory (LIDyL), DSM/IRAMIS, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - V Gruson
- Commissariat l'Energie Atomique, Laser, Interactions and Dynamics Laboratory (LIDyL), DSM/IRAMIS, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - A Huetz
- ISMO, UMR 8214, Université Paris-Sud, Batiment 350, Orsay, France
| | - N Lin
- Commissariat l'Energie Atomique, Laser, Interactions and Dynamics Laboratory (LIDyL), DSM/IRAMIS, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Y J Picard
- ISMO, UMR 8214, Université Paris-Sud, Batiment 350, Orsay, France
| | - T Ruchon
- Commissariat l'Energie Atomique, Laser, Interactions and Dynamics Laboratory (LIDyL), DSM/IRAMIS, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - P Salières
- Commissariat l'Energie Atomique, Laser, Interactions and Dynamics Laboratory (LIDyL), DSM/IRAMIS, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - B Carré
- Commissariat l'Energie Atomique, Laser, Interactions and Dynamics Laboratory (LIDyL), DSM/IRAMIS, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
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17
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Camper A, Ferré A, Lin N, Skantzakis E, Staedter D, English E, Manschwetus B, Burgy F, Petit S, Descamps D, Auguste T, Gobert O, Carré B, Salières P, Mairesse Y, Ruchon T. Transverse Electromagnetic Mode Conversion for High-Harmonic Self-Probing Spectroscopy. Photonics 2015; 2:184-99. [DOI: 10.3390/photonics2010184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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18
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Park H, Wang Z, Xiong H, Schoun SB, Xu J, Agostini P, DiMauro LF. Size-dependent high-order harmonic generation in rare-gas clusters. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 113:263401. [PMID: 25615328 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.263401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
High-order harmonic generation (HHG) is investigated in rare-gas clusters as a function of the cluster size using 0.8 and 1.3 μm femtosecond lasers. A characteristic, species-dependent knee structure in the single particle response is observed. A 1D recollision model qualitatively reproduces this behavior and associates it to the degree of delocalization of the initial wave function. Small clusters are observed to have a higher efficiency than monomers but rapidly lose this advantage as the size increases. The implications of these findings on the HHG mechanism in clusters are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyunwook Park
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Zhou Wang
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Hui Xiong
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Stephen B Schoun
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Junliang Xu
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Pierre Agostini
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
| | - Louis F DiMauro
- Department of Physics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
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