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Novario SJ, Lonardoni D, Gandolfi S, Hagen G. Trends of Neutron Skins and Radii of Mirror Nuclei from First Principles. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 130:032501. [PMID: 36763401 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.032501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The neutron skin of atomic nuclei impacts the structure of neutron-rich nuclei, the equation of state of nucleonic matter, and the size of neutron stars. Here we predict the neutron skin of selected light- and medium-mass nuclei using coupled-cluster theory and the auxiliary field diffusion Monte Carlo method with two- and three-nucleon forces from chiral effective field theory. We find a linear correlation between the neutron skin and the isospin asymmetry in agreement with the liquid-drop model and compare with data. We also extract the linear relationship that describes the difference between neutron and proton radii of mirror nuclei and quantify the effect of charge symmetry breaking terms in the nuclear Hamiltonian. Our results for the mirror-difference charge radii and binding energies per nucleon agree with existing data.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Novario
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - D Lonardoni
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - S Gandolfi
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - G Hagen
- Physics Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
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Lee D, Bogner S, Brown BA, Elhatisari S, Epelbaum E, Hergert H, Hjorth-Jensen M, Krebs H, Li N, Lu BN, Meißner UG. Hidden Spin-Isospin Exchange Symmetry. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 127:062501. [PMID: 34420321 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.062501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The strong interactions among nucleons have an approximate spin-isospin exchange symmetry that arises from the properties of quantum chromodynamics in the limit of many colors, N_{c}. However this large-N_{c} symmetry is well hidden and reveals itself only when averaging over intrinsic spin orientations. Furthermore, the symmetry is obscured unless the momentum resolution scale is close to an optimal scale that we call Λ_{large-N_{c}}. We show that the large-N_{c} derivation requires a momentum resolution scale of Λ_{large-N_{c}}∼500 MeV. We derive a set of spin-isospin exchange sum rules and discuss implications for the spectrum of ^{30}P and applications to nuclear forces, nuclear structure calculations, and three-nucleon interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dean Lee
- Facility for Rare Isotope Beams and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Scott Bogner
- Facility for Rare Isotope Beams and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - B Alex Brown
- Facility for Rare Isotope Beams and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Serdar Elhatisari
- Faculty of Engineering, Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University, Karaman 70100, Turkey
| | - Evgeny Epelbaum
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Fakultät für Physik und Astronomie, Institut für Theoretische Physik II, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Heiko Hergert
- Facility for Rare Isotope Beams and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Morten Hjorth-Jensen
- Facility for Rare Isotope Beams and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
- Department of Physics and Center for Computing in Science Education, University of Oslo, N-0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Hermann Krebs
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Fakultät für Physik und Astronomie, Institut für Theoretische Physik II, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Ning Li
- Sun Yat-sen University, School of Physics, 135 Xingang Road, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510000, China
| | - Bing-Nan Lu
- China Academy of Engineering Physics, Graduate School, Building 8, No. 10 Xi'er Road, ZPark II, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ulf-G Meißner
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik and Bethe Center for Theoretical Physics, Universität Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
- Institute for Advanced Simulation, Institut für Kernphysik, and Jülich Center for Hadron Physics, Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
- Tbilisi State University, 0186 Tbilisi, Georgia
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Lu BN, Li N, Elhatisari S, Lee D, Drut JE, Lähde TA, Epelbaum E, Meißner UG. Ab Initio Nuclear Thermodynamics. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 125:192502. [PMID: 33216564 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.192502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We propose a new Monte Carlo method called the pinhole trace algorithm for ab initio calculations of the thermodynamics of nuclear systems. For typical simulations of interest, the computational speedup relative to conventional grand-canonical ensemble calculations can be as large as a factor of one thousand. Using a leading-order effective interaction that reproduces the properties of many atomic nuclei and neutron matter to a few percent accuracy, we determine the location of the critical point and the liquid-vapor coexistence line for symmetric nuclear matter with equal numbers of protons and neutrons. We also present the first ab initio study of the density and temperature dependence of nuclear clustering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Nan Lu
- Facility for Rare Isotope Beams and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Ning Li
- Facility for Rare Isotope Beams and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Serdar Elhatisari
- Faculty of Engineering, Karamanoglu Mehmetbey University, Karaman 70100, Turkey
| | - Dean Lee
- Facility for Rare Isotope Beams and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA
| | - Joaquín E Drut
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3255, USA
| | - Timo A Lähde
- Institute for Advanced Simulation, Institut für Kernphysik, and Jülich Center for Hadron Physics, Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Evgeny Epelbaum
- Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Fakultät für Physik und Astronomie, Institut für Theoretische Physik II, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Ulf-G Meißner
- Institute for Advanced Simulation, Institut für Kernphysik, and Jülich Center for Hadron Physics, Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik and Bethe Center for Theoretical Physics, Universität Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
- Tbilisi State University, 0186 Tbilisi, Georgia
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Dawkins WG, Carlson J, van Kolck U, Gezerlis A. Clustering of Four-Component Unitary Fermions. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 124:143402. [PMID: 32338952 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.124.143402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ab initio nuclear physics tackles the problem of strongly interacting four-component fermions. The same setting could foreseeably be probed experimentally in ultracold atomic systems, where two- and three-component experiments have led to major breakthroughs in recent years. Both due to the problem's inherent interest and as a pathway to nuclear physics, in this Letter we study four-component fermions at unitarity via the use of quantum Monte Carlo methods. We explore novel forms of the trial wave function and find one which leads to a ground state of the eight-particle system whose energy is almost equal to that of two four-particle systems. We investigate the clustering properties involved and also extrapolate to the zero-range limit. In addition to being experimentally testable, our results impact the prospects of developing nuclear physics as a perturbation around the unitary limit.
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Affiliation(s)
- William G Dawkins
- Department of Physics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - J Carlson
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - U van Kolck
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS-IN2P3, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, 91406 Orsay, France
- Department of Physics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, USA
| | - Alexandros Gezerlis
- Department of Physics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
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Buraczynski M, Ismail N, Gezerlis A. Nonperturbative Extraction of the Effective Mass in Neutron Matter. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 122:152701. [PMID: 31050497 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.152701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We carry out nonperturbative calculations of the single-particle excitation spectrum in strongly interacting neutron matter. These are microscopic quantum Monte Carlo computations of many-neutron energies at different densities as well as several distinct excited states. As input, we employ both phenomenological and chiral two- and three-nucleon interactions. We use the single-particle spectrum to extract the effective mass in neutron matter. With a view to systematizing the error involved in this extraction, we carefully assess the impact of finite-size effects on the quasiparticle dispersion relation. We find an effective-mass ratio that drops from 1 as the density is increased. We conclude by connecting our results with the physics of ultracold gases as well as with energy-density functional theories of nuclei and neutron-star matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Buraczynski
- Department of Physics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Nawar Ismail
- Department of Physics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Alexandros Gezerlis
- Department of Physics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
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