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Bruffaerts R, Schaeverbeke J, Radwan A, Grube M, Gabel S, De Weer AS, Dries E, Van Bouwel K, Griffiths TD, Sunaert S, Vandenberghe R. Left Frontal White Matter Links to Rhythm Processing Relevant to Speech Production in Apraxia of Speech. Neurobiol Lang (Camb) 2022; 3:515-537. [PMID: 37215340 PMCID: PMC10158569 DOI: 10.1162/nol_a_00075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Recent mechanistic models argue for a key role of rhythm processing in both speech production and speech perception. Patients with the non-fluent variant (NFV) of primary progressive aphasia (PPA) with apraxia of speech (AOS) represent a specific study population in which this link can be examined. Previously, we observed impaired rhythm processing in NFV with AOS. We hypothesized that a shared neurocomputational mechanism structures auditory input (sound and speech) and output (speech production) in time, a "temporal scaffolding" mechanism. Since considerable white matter damage is observed in NFV, we test here whether white matter changes are related to impaired rhythm processing. Forty-seven participants performed a psychoacoustic test battery: 12 patients with NFV and AOS, 11 patients with the semantic variant of PPA, and 24 cognitively intact age- and education-matched controls. Deformation-based morphometry was used to test whether white matter volume correlated to rhythmic abilities. In 34 participants, we also obtained tract-based metrics of the left Aslant tract, which is typically damaged in patients with NFV. Nine out of 12 patients with NFV displayed impaired rhythmic processing. Left frontal white matter atrophy adjacent to the supplementary motor area (SMA) correlated with poorer rhythmic abilities. The structural integrity of the left Aslant tract also correlated with rhythmic abilities. A colocalized and perhaps shared white matter substrate adjacent to the SMA is associated with impaired rhythmic processing and motor speech impairment. Our results support the existence of a temporal scaffolding mechanism structuring perceptual input and speech output.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose Bruffaerts
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurosciences & Leuven Brain Institute, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Neurology Department, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Computational Neurology, Experimental Neurobiology Unit (ENU), Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Biomedical Research Institute, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Jolien Schaeverbeke
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurosciences & Leuven Brain Institute, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ahmed Radwan
- Translational MRI, Department of Imaging and Pathology & Leuven Brain Institute, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Manon Grube
- Biosciences Institute, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
- BIFOLD, Technische Universität Berlin, Germany; Department of Psychology, Ashoka University, India
| | - Silvy Gabel
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurosciences & Leuven Brain Institute, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - An-Sofie De Weer
- Neurology Department, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Eva Dries
- Neurology Department, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Karen Van Bouwel
- Neurology Department, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Timothy D. Griffiths
- Biosciences Institute, Medical School, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Stefan Sunaert
- Translational MRI, Department of Imaging and Pathology & Leuven Brain Institute, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Radiology Department, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Rik Vandenberghe
- Laboratory for Cognitive Neurology, Department of Neurosciences & Leuven Brain Institute, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Neurology Department, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Bailey DJ, Speights Atkins M, Mishra I, Li S, Luan Y, Seals C. An automated tool for comparing phonetic transcriptions. Clin Linguist Phon 2022; 36:495-514. [PMID: 33715568 DOI: 10.1080/02699206.2021.1896783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 02/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Many computerized tools for comparing phonetic transcriptions have been proposed and shared in the past; however, previous tools are relatively difficult to access and incorporate into clinical and research practice, or require users to learn additional phonetic symbol systems. The purpose of this project was to develop and test a readily available web-based application for quantitatively comparing phonetic transcriptions that are input using International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) symbols. A web-based computer application was developed to allow for IPA phonetic transcription comparison. A point-and-click keyboard was developed to provide support for character input of the full IPA, as well as most symbols in the extIPA set. The application compares phonetic transcriptions using a modified edit distance algorithm following phonologically informed alignment. Visualizations of the algorithm's optimal alignment and scoring operations are shown for each comparison input by a user. The application, named the Automated Phonetic Transcription Comparison Tool (APTct), was thoroughly tested for accurate implementation of the algorithm principles. Validity tests through two sample use cases were also performed by comparison of hand calculations to APTct calculations. In function testing, the APTct showed excellent agreement with an expert's hand scoring using the same algorithm principles. In a validity test, only minor differences between the APTct and hand calculations were observed, primarily due to errors inputting the transcriptions into the APTct. The web-based APTct is a validated and versatile tool for quantitatively comparing even complex IPA phonetic transcriptions. It is freely available to clinicians and researchers, who may find it useful for a variety of potential scenarios. We invite researchers, clinicians, and other individuals to use the tool in their clinical and research work. The permalink for the website is as follows: https://aptct.auburn.edu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dallin J Bailey
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - Marisha Speights Atkins
- Department of Speech, Language, and Hearing Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - Ishaan Mishra
- Department of Computers Science and Software Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - Sicheng Li
- Department of Computers Science and Software Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - Yaoxuan Luan
- Department of Computers Science and Software Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
| | - Cheryl Seals
- Department of Computers Science and Software Engineering, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama, USA
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Aichert I, Lehner K, Falk S, Späth M, Franke M, Ziegler W. In Time with the Beat: Entrainment in Patients with Phonological Impairment, Apraxia of Speech, and Parkinson's Disease. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11111524. [PMID: 34827523 PMCID: PMC8615970 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11111524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated if individuals with neurogenic speech sound impairments of three types, Parkinson’s dysarthria, apraxia of speech, and aphasic phonological impairment, accommodate their speech to the natural speech rhythm of an auditory model, and if so, whether the effect is more significant after hearing metrically regular sentences as compared to those with an irregular pattern. This question builds on theories of rhythmic entrainment, assuming that sensorimotor predictions of upcoming events allow humans to synchronize their actions with an external rhythm. To investigate entrainment effects, we conducted a sentence completion task relating participants’ response latencies to the spoken rhythm of the prime heard immediately before. A further research question was if the perceived rhythm interacts with the rhythm of the participants’ own productions, i.e., the trochaic or iambic stress pattern of disyllabic target words. For a control group of healthy speakers, our study revealed evidence for entrainment when trochaic target words were preceded by regularly stressed prime sentences. Persons with Parkinson’s dysarthria showed a pattern similar to that of the healthy individuals. For the patient groups with apraxia of speech and with phonological impairment, considerably longer response latencies with differing patterns were observed. Trochaic target words were initiated with significantly shorter latencies, whereas the metrical regularity of prime sentences had no consistent impact on response latencies and did not interact with the stress pattern of the target words to be produced. The absence of an entrainment in these patients may be explained by the more severe difficulties in initiating speech at all. We discuss the results in terms of clinical implications for diagnostics and therapy in neurogenic speech disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Aichert
- Clinical Neuropsychology Research Group, Institute of Phonetics and Speech Processing, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80799 Munich, Germany; (K.L.); (M.F.); (W.Z.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Katharina Lehner
- Clinical Neuropsychology Research Group, Institute of Phonetics and Speech Processing, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80799 Munich, Germany; (K.L.); (M.F.); (W.Z.)
| | - Simone Falk
- International Laboratory for Brain, Music and Sound Research (BRAMS), Département de Linguistique et de Traduction, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada;
| | - Mona Späth
- Neolexon, Limedix GmbH, 80538 Munich, Germany;
| | - Mona Franke
- Clinical Neuropsychology Research Group, Institute of Phonetics and Speech Processing, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80799 Munich, Germany; (K.L.); (M.F.); (W.Z.)
| | - Wolfram Ziegler
- Clinical Neuropsychology Research Group, Institute of Phonetics and Speech Processing, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80799 Munich, Germany; (K.L.); (M.F.); (W.Z.)
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Wambaugh JL, Kallhoff L, Nessler C. Sound Production Treatment for Acquired Apraxia of Speech: An Examination of Dosage in Relation to Probe Performance. Am J Speech Lang Pathol 2021; 30:425-440. [PMID: 32631067 DOI: 10.1044/2020_ajslp-19-00110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Purpose This study was designed to examine the association of dosage and effects of Sound Production Treatment (SPT) for acquired apraxia of speech. Method Treatment logs and probe data from 20 speakers with apraxia of speech and aphasia were submitted to a retrospective analysis. The number of treatment sessions and teaching episodes was examined relative to (a) change in articulation accuracy above baseline performance, (b) mastery of production, and (c) maintenance. The impact of practice schedule (SPT-Blocked vs. SPT-Random) was also examined. Results The average number of treatment sessions conducted prior to change was 5.4 for SPT-Blocked and 3.9 for SPT-Random. The mean number of teaching episodes preceding change was 334 for SPT-Blocked and 179 for SPT-Random. Mastery occurred within an average of 13.7 sessions (1,252 teaching episodes) and 12.4 sessions (1,082 teaching episodes) for SPT-Blocked and SPT-Random, respectively. Comparisons of dosage metric values across practice schedules did not reveal substantial differences. Significant negative correlations were found between follow-up probe performance and the dosage metrics. Conclusions Only a few treatment sessions were needed to achieve initial positive changes in articulation, with mastery occurring within 12-14 sessions for the majority of participants. Earlier occurrence of change or mastery was associated with better follow-up performance. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12592190.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie L Wambaugh
- Research Department, VA Salt Lake City Health Care System, UT
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
| | - Lydia Kallhoff
- Research Department, VA Salt Lake City Health Care System, UT
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Utah, Salt Lake City
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