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Schmid F, Henry A, Benzerouk F, Barrière S, Portefaix C, Gondrexon J, Obert A, Kaladjian A, Gierski F. Neural activations during cognitive and affective theory of mind processing in healthy adults with a family history of alcohol use disorder. Psychol Med 2024; 54:1034-1044. [PMID: 37753626 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291723002854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social cognition impairments are a common feature of alcohol use disorders (AUD). However, it remains unclear whether these impairments are solely the consequence of chronic alcohol consumption or whether they could be a marker of vulnerability. METHODS The present study implemented a family history approach to address this question for a key process of social cognition: theory of mind (ToM). Thirty healthy adults with a family history of AUD (FH+) and 30 healthy adults with a negative family history of AUD (FH-), matched for age, sex, and education level, underwent an fMRI cartoon-vignette paradigm assessing cognitive and affective ToM. Participants also completed questionnaires evaluating anxiety, depressive symptoms, childhood trauma, and alexithymia. RESULTS Results indicated that FH+ individuals differed from FH- individuals on affective but not cognitive ToM processing, at both the behavioral and neural levels. At the behavioral level, the FH+ group had lower response accuracy for affective ToM compared with the FH- group. At the neural level, the FH+ group had higher brain activations in the left insula and inferior frontal cortex during affective ToM processing. These activations remained significant when controlling for depressive symptoms, anxiety, and childhood trauma. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight difficulties during affective ToM processing among first-degree relatives of AUD patients, supporting the idea that some of the impairments exhibited by these patients may already be present before the onset of AUD and may be considered a marker of vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Schmid
- Laboratoire Cognition, Santé, Société (C2S - EA 6291), University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - A Henry
- Laboratoire Cognition, Santé, Société (C2S - EA 6291), University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
- Psychiatry Department, Marne Public Mental Health Institute & Reims University Hospital, Reims, France
| | - F Benzerouk
- Psychiatry Department, Marne Public Mental Health Institute & Reims University Hospital, Reims, France
- INSERM U1247, Research Group on Alcohol and Dependences, University of Picardy Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - S Barrière
- Psychiatry Department, Marne Public Mental Health Institute & Reims University Hospital, Reims, France
| | - C Portefaix
- Radiology Department, Maison Blanche Hospital, Reims University Hospital, Reims, France
- Centre de Recherche en Sciences et Technologies de l'Information et de la Communication (CReSTIC - EA 3804), University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - J Gondrexon
- Psychiatry Department, Marne Public Mental Health Institute & Reims University Hospital, Reims, France
| | - A Obert
- Laboratoire Sciences de la Cognition, Technologie, Ergonomie (SCOTE - EA 7420), Champollion National University Institute, Albi, France
| | - A Kaladjian
- Laboratoire Cognition, Santé, Société (C2S - EA 6291), University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
- Psychiatry Department, Marne Public Mental Health Institute & Reims University Hospital, Reims, France
| | - F Gierski
- Laboratoire Cognition, Santé, Société (C2S - EA 6291), University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
- Psychiatry Department, Marne Public Mental Health Institute & Reims University Hospital, Reims, France
- INSERM U1247, Research Group on Alcohol and Dependences, University of Picardy Jules Verne, Amiens, France
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Knopp M, Burghardt J, Oppenauer C, Meyer B, Moritz S, Sprung M. Affective and cognitive Theory of Mind in patients with alcohol use disorder: Associations with symptoms of depression, anxiety, and somatization. J Subst Use Addict Treat 2024; 157:209227. [PMID: 37992810 DOI: 10.1016/j.josat.2023.209227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Theory of Mind (ToM) is the ability to ascribe thoughts (cognitive ToM) and feelings (affective ToM) to others. Ample evidence exists for impairments of affective and cognitive ToM in individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD); however, evidence regarding changes of these impairments during AUD treatment and their possible relationship to comorbid symptoms is ambiguous. The current study analyzed changes in ToM during treatment and tested associations with comorbid symptoms of depression, anxiety, somatization, and social functioning. METHODS We analyzed data from 175 individuals with AUD. The study assessed ToM and comorbid symptoms of depression, anxiety, somatization, and social functioning at the time of admission and at the time of discharge from an approximately 60 days long abstinence-oriented inpatient treatment. We assessed affective and cognitive ToM using the Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition, a measure with high ecological validity. RESULTS All symptoms, total and cognitive ToM improved following treatment; however, affective ToM did not improve. Moreover, cognitive ToM at the beginning of treatment was associated with improved symptoms of depression and somatization, while affective ToM was not. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows improvements in total and cognitive ToM as well as symptoms of depression, anxiety, somatization, and social functioning following long-term treatment. Furthermore, cognitive ToM was related to improvements in comorbid symptoms. This finding suggests that ToM may be an important treatment target in patients with AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Knopp
- Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Division of Clinical Psychology, Dr.-Karl-Dorrek-Straße 30, 3500 Krems an der Donau, Austria; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Department of Psychology, Leopoldstraße 13, 80802 München, Germany.
| | - Juliane Burghardt
- Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Division of Clinical Psychology, Dr.-Karl-Dorrek-Straße 30, 3500 Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Claudia Oppenauer
- Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Division of Clinical Psychology, Dr.-Karl-Dorrek-Straße 30, 3500 Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Bernhard Meyer
- Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Division of Clinical Psychology, Dr.-Karl-Dorrek-Straße 30, 3500 Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Steffen Moritz
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Manuel Sprung
- Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Division of Clinical Psychology, Dr.-Karl-Dorrek-Straße 30, 3500 Krems an der Donau, Austria; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Department of Psychology, Leopoldstraße 13, 80802 München, Germany; University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; Psychiatric Rehabilitation Clinic Gars am Kamp, Psychosomatisches Zentrum Waldviertel, Kremserstraße 656, 3571 Gars am Kamp, Austria
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Pabst A, Gautier M, Maurage P. Hostile attributional biases in severe alcohol use disorder: replication, gender specificity, and mechanistic insights. Alcohol Alcohol 2024; 59:agae010. [PMID: 38458649 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agae010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
AIMS Despite their importance in the emergence and persistence of severe alcohol use disorder (SAUD), social cognition impairments remain understudied in this population. Hostile attributional biases (HAB), a key component of social cognition, may be involved in interpersonal problems and SAUD maintenance. However, current evidence for HAB in SAUD is highly preliminary, as it relies on a single study based on a small sample and on a task that cannot dissociate increased hostile from reduced benign attributions. We therefore used an improved methodology to further characterize this bias and disentangle underlying mechanisms. In addition, we explored potential gender differences. METHOD A total of 56 patients (28 women) diagnosed with SAUD and 66 (27 women) demographically matched controls completed the Word-Sentence Association Paradigm-Hostility, which provides a valid, spontaneous, and relatively implicit assessment of both hostile and benign social attributions related to ambiguous situations. They also completed self-report measures of psychopathology and interpersonal problems. RESULTS At the group-level, patients with SAUD presented higher HAB than controls, without group differences for benign attributions. Gender analyses revealed that this effect selectively emerged in men with SAUD. Further, patients' benign attributions did not differ from their hostile attributions. Finally, HAB (not benign attributions) were associated with interpersonal problems and state anxiety in patients. CONCLUSIONS The association between SAUD and HAB at the group level is genuine and replicable across samples and tasks. This association may further selectively emerge in men. Our results also confirm the functional significance of HAB in SAUD, and point to potential mechanisms and clinical recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Pabst
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology Research Group (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute, UCLouvain, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Mado Gautier
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology Research Group (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute, UCLouvain, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Pierre Maurage
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology Research Group (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute, UCLouvain, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
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Dal Lago D, Burns E, Gaunt E, Peers E, Jackson RC, Wilcockson TDW. Alcohol Use Predicts Face Perception Impairments and Difficulties in Face Recognition. Subst Use Misuse 2023; 58:1734-1741. [PMID: 37602741 DOI: 10.1080/10826084.2023.2247059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Background: Risky alcohol use is related to a variety of cognitive impairments, including memory and visuo-perceptual difficulties. Remarkably, no prior work has assessed whether usage of alcohol can predict difficulties perceiving facial identity. Objectives: Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether riskier alcohol consumption predicted impairments in face perception and self-reported difficulties in face recognition. Results: Participants (N = 239, male = 77) were over 18 years old and had normal or corrected-to-normal vision. Alcohol use was assessed using the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT), while face recognition difficulties were determined by the 20-item Prosopagnosia Index questionnaire (PI20). A subsample of participants (N = 126, male = 51) completed the Cambridge Face Perception task (CFPT) to assess their face perception ability. Multiple linear regressions showed significant models of prediction on both face perception and face recognition when considering AUDIT score and age as predictors. Conclusion: This study suggested, for the first time, that risky alcohol use predicts both poorer visuo-perceptual processing for faces and self-reported difficulties in face recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise Dal Lago
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Edwin Burns
- Department of Psychology, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK
| | - Elizabeth Gaunt
- Department of Psychology, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK
| | - Emma Peers
- Department of Psychology, Edge Hill University, Ormskirk, UK
| | - Robin C Jackson
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Thomas D W Wilcockson
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
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Bakkali N, Ott L, Triquet C, Cottencin O, Grynberg D. Learning from others' experience: Social fear conditioning deficits in patients with severe alcohol use disorder. Alcohol Clin Exp Res (Hoboken) 2023; 47:1603-1613. [PMID: 37573573 DOI: 10.1111/acer.15129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a significant public health problem. A better understanding of the psychosocial factors contributing to AUD is important for developing public health policy. The purpose of this study was to identify social mechanisms involved in AUD and, more specifically, to determine whether vicarious learning deficits are related to the disorder. A secondary objective was to evaluate the role of empathy in social fear conditioning. METHODS Patients with severe AUD (n = 30) and healthy participants (n = 30) performed a social fear learning (SFL) task. The task assesses how an association between a stimulus and an aversive consequence is acquired through social means. Specifically, participants observed a person receiving an electric shock (unconditioned stimulus; US) that was associated (conditioned stimulus; CS+) or not (CS-) with a neutral CS. The skin conductance response was used to measure the effect of learning. RESULTS Individuals with severe AUD showed a deficit in SFL, indicating that they had difficulty learning from another's negative experience. Patients also evaluated the emotional experience as less unpleasant than healthy participants. CONCLUSIONS This study is the first to show that patients with severe AUD have social learning deficits. The findings suggest that these individuals do not learn from another's negative experience. At a fundamental level, the findings demonstrate the importance of understanding the role of social mechanisms in AUD. At a clinical level, the study highlights the potential for using social learning enhancement to prevent relapse in individuals with severe AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Bakkali
- UMR 9193-SCALab-Cognitive Science and Affective Science, CNRS, Univ. Lille, Lille, France
| | - Laurent Ott
- UMR 9193-SCALab-Cognitive Science and Affective Science, CNRS, Univ. Lille, Lille, France
| | - Claire Triquet
- Department of Psychiatry and Addiction Medicine, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Olivier Cottencin
- Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 - LilNcog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Department of Psychiatry and Addiction Medicine, Univ. Lille, Lille, France
| | - Delphine Grynberg
- UMR 9193-SCALab-Cognitive Science and Affective Science, CNRS, Univ. Lille, Lille, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
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Guo L, Huang C, Lu J, Wu X, Shan H, Chen T, Shao S, Li X, Du M, Du J, Jiang H, Deng M, Wen X, Zhu R, Zhong N, Su H, Zhao M. Decreased inter-brain synchronization in the right middle frontal cortex in alcohol use disorder during social interaction: An fNIRS hyperscanning study. J Affect Disord 2023; 329:573-580. [PMID: 36828147 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2023.02.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a widespread mental disorder and has thrust a heavy burden on the health system all over the world. Social cognition and function are reported to be impaired in AUD, but its neural mechanism is rarely investigated. The current study attempts to fill this gap. METHODS 28 subjects with AUD and 36 healthy controls (HC) were recruited in this study and were paired into 14 AUD dyads and 18 HC dyads. The drinking problems, depression, anxiety, and impulsivity of subjects were measured. Each dyad completed cooperation and competition tasks with simultaneous frontal functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) hyperscanning recording. The inter-brain synchronization (IBS) in the frontal cortex was calculated for each dyad and compared between AUD and HC. The significantly altered IBS in AUD was correlated with clinical measures to explore possible influencing factors. RESULTS The IBS in the right middle frontal cortex was significantly decreased in AUD under both cooperation (t = -2.257, P = 0.028) and competition (t = -2.488, P = 0.016) task. The IBS during the cooperation task in the right middle frontal cortex in AUD was negatively correlated with non-planning impulsivity (r = -0.673, P = 0.006). LIMITATIONS This study used cross-sectional data, which limited the causal inference. The synchronization between other brain regions besides the frontal cortex should be further explored in patients with AUD. CONCLUSION The current study could provide new insights into the neural mechanism of social dysfunction in AUD and facilitate clinical intervention in future practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Guo
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Chuanning Huang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Lu
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaojun Wu
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Haidi Shan
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianzhen Chen
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuxin Shao
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoou Li
- College of Medical Instruments, Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences, Shanghai, 201318, China; School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China
| | - Mingfeng Du
- Substance Dependence Department, The Third People's Hospital of Fuyang, Fuyang, 236000, China
| | - Jiang Du
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Haifeng Jiang
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengqiao Deng
- Antai College of Economics and Management, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Xifeng Wen
- Antai College of Economics and Management, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Ruiming Zhu
- Antai College of Economics and Management, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China
| | - Na Zhong
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai, China.
| | - Hang Su
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai, China.
| | - Min Zhao
- Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Psychotic Disorders, Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai, China; CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology (CEBSIT), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
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Carter T, Heaton K, Merlo LJ, Roche BT, Puga F. Relapse Prevention and Prediction Strategies in Substance Use Disorder: A Scoping Review. J Addict Nurs 2023; 34:146-157. [PMID: 37276204 DOI: 10.1097/jan.0000000000000527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Relapse prevention for those with substance use disorder (SUD) is an evolving practice. Initiatives focused on relapse prevention from other populations may provide the foundation for future considerations and recommendations for recovering anesthesia providers in the workplace. The purpose of this scoping review was to examine what is known about return-to-use prediction and prevention strategies in various populations struggling with SUDs to inform future considerations and implications for recovering anesthesia providers with a history of SUD. METHODS The Arksey and O'Malley framework was used to conduct a scoping review of the literature. A systematic search was conducted across three databases (PubMed, CINAHL, and PsycInfo) for relevant literature. Search terms used were "measures predicting relapse in substance use disorder" and "relapse prevention in substance use disorder AND anesthesia." Data from articles that met the eligibility criteria were extracted and summarized by the primary author. RESULTS The search identified 46 articles highlighting various relapse prediction and prevention strategies related to craving and stress, underlying biological factors, neuroimaging, and mindfulness. Relapse prediction and prevention strategies ranged from cell phone applications, monitoring biological markers, and functional neuroimaging of the brain. CONCLUSIONS Relapse is a concern for individuals with a history of SUD. For anesthesia providers, immediate access to powerful anesthesia medications requires return-to-use prediction and prevention strategies when anesthesia providers return to work after SUD treatment. Although some identified strategies are practical, more research is needed to predict and prevent return to use for recovering anesthesia providers.
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Flanigan ME, Hon OJ, D'Ambrosio S, Boyt KM, Hassanein L, Castle M, Haun HL, Pina MM, Kash TL. Subcortical serotonin 5HT 2c receptor-containing neurons sex-specifically regulate binge-like alcohol consumption, social, and arousal behaviors in mice. Nat Commun 2023; 14:1800. [PMID: 37002196 PMCID: PMC10066391 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-36808-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Binge alcohol consumption induces discrete social and arousal disturbances in human populations that promote increased drinking and accelerate the progression of Alcohol Use Disorder. Here, we show in a mouse model that binge alcohol consumption disrupts social recognition in females and potentiates sensorimotor arousal in males. These negative behavioral outcomes were associated with sex-specific adaptations in serotonergic signaling systems within the lateral habenula (LHb) and the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST), particularly those related to the receptor 5HT2c. While both BNST and LHb neurons expressing this receptor display potentiated activation following binge alcohol consumption, the primary causal mechanism underlying the effects of alcohol on social and arousal behaviors appears to be excessive activation of LHb5HT2c neurons. These findings may have valuable implications for the development of sex-specific treatments for mood and alcohol use disorders targeting the brain's serotonin system.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Flanigan
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - O J Hon
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Curriculum in Neuroscience, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - S D'Ambrosio
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - K M Boyt
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - L Hassanein
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - M Castle
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - H L Haun
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - M M Pina
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - T L Kash
- Bowles Center for Alcohol Studies, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
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Pabst A, Bollen Z, Masson N, Billaux P, de Timary P, Maurage P. An eye-tracking study of biased attentional processing of emotional faces in severe alcohol use disorder. J Affect Disord 2023; 323:778-787. [PMID: 36529408 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2022.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social cognition impairments in severe alcohol use disorder (SAUD) are increasingly established. However, fundamental aspects of social cognition, and notably the attentional processing of socio-affective information, remain unexplored, limiting our understanding of underlying mechanisms. Here, we determined whether patients with SAUD show attentional biases to specific socio-affective cues, namely emotional faces. METHOD In a modified dot-probe paradigm, 30 patients with SAUD and 30 demographically matched healthy controls (HC) were presented with pairs of neutral-emotional (angry, disgusted, happy, sad) faces while having their eye movements recorded. Indices of early/automatic (first fixations, latency to first fixations) and later/controlled (number of fixations, dwell-time) processes were computed. RESULTS Patients with SAUD did not differ from HC in their attention to angry/disgusted/sad vs. neutral faces. However, patients with SAUD fixated/dwelled less on happy vs. neutral faces in the first block of stimuli than HC, who presented an attentional bias to happy faces. LIMITATIONS Sample-size was determined to detect medium-to-large effects and subtler ones may have been missed. Further, our cross-sectional design provides no explanation as to whether the evidenced biases precede or are a consequence of SAUD. CONCLUSIONS These results extend the social cognition literature in SAUD to the attentional domain, by evidencing the absence of a controlled attentional bias toward positive social cues in SAUD. This may reflect reduced sensitivity to social reward and could contribute to higher order social cognition difficulties and social dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Pabst
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology research group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Zoé Bollen
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology research group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Nicolas Masson
- Numerical Cognition Group, Psychological Sciences Research Institute and Neuroscience Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; Cognitive Science and Assessment Institute, University of Luxembourg, Luxembourg
| | - Pauline Billaux
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology research group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Philippe de Timary
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology research group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; Department of Adult Psychiatry, Saint-Luc Academic Hospital & Institute of Neuroscience, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre Maurage
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology research group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
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Beck A, Ebrahimi C, Rosenthal A, Charlet K, Heinz A. The Dopamine System in Mediating Alcohol Effects in Humans. Curr Top Behav Neurosci 2023. [PMID: 36705911 DOI: 10.1007/7854_2022_415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Brain-imaging studies show that the development and maintenance of alcohol use disorder (AUD) is determined by a complex interaction of different neurotransmitter systems and multiple psychological factors. In this context, the dopaminergic reinforcement system appears to be of fundamental importance. We focus on the excitatory and depressant effects of acute versus chronic alcohol intake and its impact on dopaminergic neurotransmission. Furthermore, we describe alterations in dopaminergic neurotransmission as associated with symptoms of alcohol dependence. We specifically focus on neuroadaptations to chronic alcohol consumption and their effect on central processing of alcohol-associated and reward-related stimuli. Altered reward processing, complex conditioning processes, impaired reinforcement learning, and increased salience attribution to alcohol-associated stimuli enable alcohol cues to drive alcohol seeking and consumption. Finally, we will discuss how the neurobiological and neurochemical mechanisms of alcohol-associated alterations in reward processing and learning can interact with stress, cognition, and emotion processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Beck
- Faculty of Health, Health and Medical University, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Claudia Ebrahimi
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Annika Rosenthal
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Katrin Charlet
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Heinz
- Department of Psychiatry and Neurosciences, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt- Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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Maillard A, Laniepce A, Segobin S, Lahbairi N, Boudehent C, Vabret F, Cabé N, Pitel AL. Prognostic factors for low-risk drinking and relapse in alcohol use disorder: A multimodal analysis. Addict Biol 2022; 27:e13243. [PMID: 36301210 DOI: 10.1111/adb.13243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to specify the determinants of low-risk alcohol drinking and relapse at different time points after detoxification in patients with severe alcohol use disorder (AUD). Fifty-four patients with AUD and 36 healthy controls (HC) were evaluated early in abstinence (T1). They underwent clinical, neuropsychological and neuroimaging (structural MRI and 18 FDG-PET) investigations. Patients with AUD were subsequently classified as "low-risk drinkers" (LR) or "relapsers" (R) based on their alcohol drinking at 6 months (T2) and 1 year (T3) after discharge, using their medical record or self-reported drinking estimation at follow-up. Based on the alcohol status at T2 and compared with HC, only R had alexithymia, lower grey matter volume in the midbrain and hypermetabolism in the cerebellum and hippocampi. Based on the alcohol status at T3 and compared with HC, only R had more severe nicotinic dependence, lower episodic and working memory performance, lower grey matter volume in the amygdala, ventromedial prefrontal cortex and anterior cingulate gyrus and hypermetabolism in cerebellum, hippocampi and anterior cingulate gyrus. Moreover, R had bilateral frontal hypometabolism, whereas LR only presented right frontal hypometabolism. Nicotine dependence, memory impairments and structural brain abnormalities in regions involved in impulsivity and decision-making might contribute to a 1-year relapse. Treatment outcome at 1 year may also be associated with an imbalance between a hypermetabolism of the limbic system and a hypometabolism of the frontal executive system. Finally, cerebellar hypermetabolism and alexithymia may be determinants of relapse at both 6 months and 1 year.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angéline Maillard
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Université Paris, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, Caen, France
| | - Alice Laniepce
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Université Paris, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, Caen, France.,Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders", Institut Blood and Brain at Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, Caen, France.,Normandie Univ, UNIROUEN, CRFDP (EA7475), Rouen, France
| | - Shailendra Segobin
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Université Paris, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, Caen, France
| | - Najlaa Lahbairi
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Université Paris, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, Caen, France
| | - Céline Boudehent
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Université Paris, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, Caen, France.,Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders", Institut Blood and Brain at Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, Caen, France.,Service d'Addictologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Caen, Caen, France
| | - François Vabret
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Université Paris, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, Caen, France.,Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders", Institut Blood and Brain at Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, Caen, France.,Service d'Addictologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Caen, Caen, France
| | - Nicolas Cabé
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Université Paris, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, Caen, France.,Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders", Institut Blood and Brain at Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, Caen, France.,Service d'Addictologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Caen, Caen, France
| | - Anne-Lise Pitel
- Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, PSL Université Paris, EPHE, INSERM, U1077, CHU de Caen, GIP Cyceron, Neuropsychologie et Imagerie de la Mémoire Humaine, Caen, France.,Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, PhIND "Physiopathology and Imaging of Neurological Disorders", Institut Blood and Brain at Caen-Normandie, Cyceron, Caen, France.,Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Paris, France
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12
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Robinson CSH, Claus ED, Calhoun V, Swartz M, Fokas K, Witkiewitz K. Association between empathy and drinking among a community sample of heavy drinkers: Sex differences and neural correlates. Addict Behav 2022; 132:107346. [PMID: 35533589 PMCID: PMC9547551 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2022.107346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is a major health problem, yet most individuals with AUD do not perceive a need for formal treatment and do not receive treatment. The lack of treatment seeking among individuals with AUD may suggest a lack of self-awareness and insight into the seriousness of AUD related problems, as well as lack of empathy for the impact of one's drinking on others. Recent work has suggested that empathy may be impaired among individuals seeking treatment for AUD. Further these impairments may differ by sex such that males with lower empathy reported more drinking consequences and greater drinking intensity, but there was no association between empathy and drinking among females. The current study used regression analyses (alpha = 0.05) to examine the association between empathy (as measured by the four scales of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index), independent components of gray matter volume in regions associated with empathy, and drinking variables among non-treatment seeking drinkers with AUD (N = 136) and also examined these effects by sex. Results showed greater perspective taking was associated with less temporoparietal and frontotemporal gray matter volume (B(SE) = -0.912 (0.043), p = 0.034). An interaction between perspective taking and sex was associated with craving, such that higher perspective taking was associated with less craving for males only (B(SE) = -0.48 (0.243), p = 0.049; R2 = 0.087). Empathic concern was related to lower percent heavy drinking days for both males and females (B(SE) = -1.57 (0.743), p = 0.035; R2 = 0.11). The current study found empathy may be an important predictor of craving for males and frequency of heavy drinking for males and females. Future work should investigate whether empathy predicts treatment seeking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles S H Robinson
- The University of New Mexico, USA; The Mind Research Network, USA; The University of Chicago, USA.
| | - Eric D Claus
- The Mind Research Network, USA; The Pennsylvania State University, USA
| | - Vince Calhoun
- The Mind Research Network, USA; Georgia State University, USA
| | - Megan Swartz
- The University of New Mexico, USA; The Mind Research Network, USA
| | | | - Katie Witkiewitz
- The University of New Mexico, USA; The Mind Research Network, USA
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13
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Emery NN, Walters KJ, Njeim L, Barr M, Gelman D, Eddie D. Emotion differentiation in early recovery from alcohol use disorder: Associations with in-the-moment affect and 3-month drinking outcomes. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2022; 46:1294-1305. [PMID: 35614525 PMCID: PMC9357131 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Background Early recovery from alcohol use disorder (AUD) is commonly associated with high levels of negative affect, stress, and emotional vulnerability, which confer significant relapse risk. Emotion differentiation—the ability to distinguish between discrete emotions—has been shown to predict relapse after treatment for a drug use disorder, but this relationship has not been explored in individuals recovering from AUD. Methods The current study used thrice daily random and up to thrice daily self‐initiated ecological momentary assessment surveys (N = 42, observations = 915) to examine whether 1) moments of high affective arousal are characterized by momentary differences in emotion differentiation among individuals in the first year of a current AUD recovery attempt, and 2) individuals’ average emotion differentiation would predict subsequent alcohol use measured by the timeline follow‐back over a 3‐month follow‐up period. Results Multilevel models showed that moments (Level 1) of higher‐than‐average negative affect (p < 0.001) and/or stress (p = 0.033) were characterized by less negative emotion differentiation, while moments of higher‐than‐average positive affect were characterized by greater positive emotion differentiation (p < 0.001). At the between‐person level (Level 2), participants with higher stress overall had lower negative emotion differentiation (p = 0.009). Linear regression showed that average negative, but not positive, emotion differentiation was inversely associated with percent drinking days over the subsequent 3‐month follow‐up period (p = 0.042). Neither form of average emotion differentiation was associated with drinking quantity. Conclusions We found that for individuals in early AUD recovery, affective states are associated with acute shifts in the capacity for emotion differentiation. Further, we found that average negative emotion differentiation prospectively predicts subsequent alcohol use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noah N Emery
- Department of Psychology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Kyle J Walters
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.,Department of Psychology, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota, USA
| | - Lili Njeim
- School of Public Health, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Maya Barr
- Department of Psychology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Daniella Gelman
- Emma Pendleton Bradley Hospital, Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Riverside, Rhode Island, USA
| | - David Eddie
- Recovery Research Institute, Center for Addiction Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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14
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Abstract
Facial emotion recognition is crucial for social interaction. However, in times of a global pandemic, where wearing a face mask covering mouth and nose is widely encouraged to prevent the spread of disease, successful emotion recognition may be challenging. In the current study, we investigated whether emotion recognition, assessed by a validated emotion recognition task, is impaired for faces wearing a mask compared to uncovered faces, in a sample of 790 participants between 18 and 89 years (condition mask vs. original). In two more samples of 395 and 388 participants between 18 and 70 years, we assessed emotion recognition performance for faces that are occluded by something other than a mask, i.e., a bubble as well as only showing the upper part of the faces (condition half vs. bubble). Additionally, perception of threat for faces with and without occlusion was assessed. We found impaired emotion recognition for faces wearing a mask compared to faces without mask, for all emotions tested (anger, fear, happiness, sadness, disgust, neutral). Further, we observed that perception of threat was altered for faces wearing a mask. Upon comparison of the different types of occlusion, we found that, for most emotions and especially for disgust, there seems to be an effect that can be ascribed to the face mask specifically, both for emotion recognition performance and perception of threat. Methodological constraints as well as the importance of wearing a mask despite temporarily compromised social interaction are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melina Grahlow
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Graduate Training Centre of Neuroscience, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), Tübingen, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Claudia Ines Rupp
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Birgit Derntl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Tübingen Center for Mental Health (TüCMH), Tübingen, Germany
- Tübingen Neuro Campus, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Lead Graduate School, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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15
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol use disorder (AUD) is associated with cognitive deficits but little is known to what degree this is caused by genetically influenced traits, i.e. endophenotypes, present before the onset of the disorder. The aim of the current study was to investigate to what degree family history (FH) of AUD is associated with cognitive functions. METHODS Case-control cross-sectional study at an outpatient addiction research clinic. Treatment-seeking AUD patients (n = 106) were compared to healthy controls (HC; n = 90), matched for age and sex. The HC group was further subdivided into AUD FH positive (FH+; n = 47) or negative (FH-; n = 39) based on the Family Tree Questionnaire. Participants underwent psychiatric and substance use assessments, completed the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale and performed a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests assessing response inhibition, decision making, attention, working memory, and emotional recognition. RESULTS Compared to HC, AUD patients exhibited elevated self-rated impulsivity (p < 0.001; d = 0.62), as well as significantly poorer response inhibition (p = 0.001; d = 0.51), attention (p = 0.021; d = 0.38) and information gathering in decision making (p = 0.073; d = 0.34). Similar to AUD patients, FH+ individuals exhibited elevated self-rated impulsivity (p = 0.096; d = 0.46), and in addition significantly worse future planning capacity (p < 0.001; d = 0.76) and prolonged emotional recognition response time (p = 0.010; d = 0.60) compared to FH-, while no other significant differences were found between FH+ and FH-. CONCLUSIONS Elevated impulsivity, poor performance in future planning and emotional processing speed may be potential cognitive endophenotypes in AUD. These cognitive domains represent putative targets for prevention strategies and treatment of AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lotfi Khemiri
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Johan Franck
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Nitya Jayaram-Lindström
- Centre for Psychiatry Research, Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm Health Care Services, Stockholm County Council, Stockholm, Sweden
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16
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Wiseman C, Lawrence AD, Bisson JI, Hotham J, Karl A, Zammit S. Study development and protocol for a cohort study examining the impact of baseline social cognition on response to treatment for people living with post-traumatic stress disorder. Eur J Psychotraumatol 2022; 13:2093036. [PMID: 35849639 PMCID: PMC9278429 DOI: 10.1080/20008198.2022.2093036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Social cognitive impairments, specifically in facial emotion processing and mental state attribution, are common in post-traumatic stress disorder. However few studies so far have examined whether social cognitive ability impacts on PTSD recovery. Objective: To examine whether baseline social cognitive abilities are associated with treatment outcomes following trauma-focused therapy for PTSD. Method: This is a cohort study that will relate treatment outcomes post-discharge to baseline measures of social cognition (five tasks: Emotion Odd-One-Out Task (Oddity), Reading the Mind in the Eyes Task (RMET), Social Shapes Test (SST), Spontaneous Theory of Mind Protocol (STOMP), and Reflective Functioning Questionnaire (RFQ-8)) in people starting a course of psychological therapy for PTSD (target N = 60). The primary outcome will be pre- to post-treatment change in PTSD symptom severity (assessed using the PTSD Checklist for DSM-5). Secondary outcomes include functional impairment (assessed using the Work and Social Adjustment Scale), drop-out rate, and analyses differentiating participants with DSM-5 PTSD and ICD-11 PTSD and CPTSD. Regression models will be used to examine associations between baseline social cognitive performance and outcome measures while adjusting for potential confounders. Two pilot studies informed the development of our study protocol. The first involved qualitative analysis of interviews with nine participants with lived experience of mental health problems to inform our research questions and study protocol. The second involved trialling social cognitive tasks on 20 non-clinical participants to refine our test battery. Discussion: This study will address a gap in the literature about whether abilities in social cognition in people living with PTSD are associated with treatment-related recovery. HIGHLIGHTS Impairments in social cognition are recognised in people with PTSD.Few studies have examined whether social cognitive ability is associated with recovery from PTSD.We present a study protocol, developed after pilot testing, to address this question.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chantelle Wiseman
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Oakfield House, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Andrew D Lawrence
- Cardiff University Brain Research Imaging Centre (CUBRIC), School of Psychology, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Jonathan I Bisson
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neuroscience, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - James Hotham
- Avon and Wiltshire Partnership Trust, Bristol, UK
| | - Anke Karl
- Clinical Psychology and Affective Neuroscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences (CLES), Psychology, Washington Singer Laboratories, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Stan Zammit
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Oakfield House, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.,Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neuroscience, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
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17
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Pabst A, Peyroux E, Gautier M, de Timary P, Maurage P. Social perception and knowledge impairments in severe alcohol use disorder: Group and individual-level findings. Drug Alcohol Depend 2021; 227:109009. [PMID: 34482036 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.109009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Consistent data highlight the presence and clinical significance of social cognition impairments in severe alcohol use disorder (SAUD). However, social perception and knowledge (i.e., the ability to interpret social situations and to identify latent social rules), an important social cognition component, has not yet been explored in this disorder. METHOD 35 patients with SAUD and 35 healthy controls (HC) completed the Social Perception and Knowledge test (PerSo), an experimental task requiring participants to comprehensively describe social situations and to identify the social rules illustrated in 8 pictures. We performed group and single-case analyses. RESULTS Patients with SAUD, as a group, spontaneously identified less relevant "where"/"who"/"what" aspects of the social situations (social perception) than HC. They were however able to provide these elements when explicitly asked to. They were also less able to identify the social rules that subtended the situations (social knowledge). Single-case analyses revealed that 23 % of patients were significantly impaired for social perception, and 34 % for social knowledge. DISCUSSION We provide novel evidence that SAUD is associated with social perception and knowledge impairments at the group level, and that these impairments strongly vary across patients. Such results should lead to the integration of social perception and knowledge impairments in the conceptualization and treatment of socio-affective difficulties in SAUD.
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18
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Blair RJR, Bashford-Largo J, Zhang R, Mathur A, Schwartz A, Elowsky J, Tyler P, Hammond CJ, Filbey FM, Dobbertin M, Bajaj S, Blair KS. Alcohol and Cannabis Use Disorder Symptom Severity, Conduct Disorder, and Callous-Unemotional Traits and Impairment in Expression Recognition. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:714189. [PMID: 34616316 PMCID: PMC8488132 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.714189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Alcohol and cannabis are commonly used by adolescents in the United States. Both alcohol use disorder (AUD) and cannabis use disorder (CUD) have been associated with reduced emotion expression recognition ability. However, this work has primarily occurred in adults and has not considered neuro-cognitive risk factors associated with conduct problems that commonly co-occur with, and precede, substance use. Yet, conduct problems are also associated with reduced emotion expression recognition ability. The current study investigated the extent of negative association between AUD and CUD symptom severity and expression recognition ability over and above any association of expression recognition ability with conduct problems [conduct disorder (CD) diagnostic status]. Methods: In this study, 152 youths aged 12.5-18 years (56 female; 60 diagnosed with CD) completed a rapid presentation morphed intensity facial expression task to investigate the association between relative severity of AUD/CUD and expression recognition ability. Results: Cannabis use disorder identification test (CUDIT) scores were negatively associated with recognition accuracy for higher intensity (particularly sad and fearful) expressions while CD diagnostic status was independently negatively associated with recognition of sad expressions. Alcohol use disorder identification test (AUDIT) scores were not significantly associated with expression recognition ability. Conclusions: These data indicate that relative severity of CUD and CD diagnostic status are statistically independently associated with reduced expression recognition ability. On the basis of these data, we speculate that increased cannabis use during adolescence may exacerbate a neuro-cognitive risk factor for the emergence of aggression and antisocial behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert James R. Blair
- Center for Neurobehavioral Research, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, United States
| | - Johannah Bashford-Largo
- Center for Neurobehavioral Research, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, United States
| | - Ru Zhang
- Center for Neurobehavioral Research, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, United States
| | - Avantika Mathur
- Center for Neurobehavioral Research, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, United States
| | - Amanda Schwartz
- Center for Neurobehavioral Research, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, United States
| | - Jaimie Elowsky
- Center for Neurobehavioral Research, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, United States
| | - Patrick Tyler
- Child and Family Translational Research Center, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, United States
| | | | - Francesca M. Filbey
- Center for BrainHealth, School of Behavioral and Brain Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Dallas, TX, United States
| | - Matthew Dobbertin
- Center for Neurobehavioral Research, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, United States
| | - Sahil Bajaj
- Center for Neurobehavioral Research, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, United States
| | - Karina S. Blair
- Center for Neurobehavioral Research, Boys Town National Research Hospital, Boys Town, NE, United States
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19
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Schmid F, Moreau F, Benzerouk F, Raucher-Chéné D, Kaladjian A, Gierski F, Henry A. Faux Pas Recognition and Executive Processes in Patients with Alcohol Use Disorder: Toward an Investigation of Interindividual Heterogeneity. Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2021; 37:608-620. [PMID: 34530445 DOI: 10.1093/arclin/acab072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Impairment of executive functions (EF) has been documented for decades in patients with alcohol use disorders (AUD), while more recent studies have also reported impaired theory of mind. Both have been associated with negative outcomes, particularly a high risk of relapse. However, the interrelatedness of EF and theory of mind impairments remains subject to debate. METHOD About 19 AUD outpatients and 20 healthy controls (HC) were asked to complete measures of motor inhibition, mental flexibility, and updating to assess EF, and the faux pas test to assess theory of mind. RESULTS As expected, patients' mean performances on EF and faux pas measures were poorer than those of HC. Correlational analyses revealed that executive processes were differentially related to faux pas subscores. Additional single-case analyses corroborated the strong association between EF and faux pas interpretation, as patients with AUD mostly had congruent performances (i.e., both EF and faux pas impaired or both EF and faux pas preserved). CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the interrelatedness of EF and faux pas performances in AUD, but also emphasizes the incomplete overlap of the cognitive processes involved in these tasks, with heterogeneous patterns of association. Based on these findings, tailored cognitive rehabilitation programs that simultaneously target EF and faux pas recognition could be developed to favor patients' social inclusion and reduce the risk of relapse. Results also argue in favor of systematic screening for EF and theory of mind impairments among AUD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franca Schmid
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Laboratoire Cognition, Santé, Société (C2S), Reims, France
| | - Franklin Moreau
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Laboratoire Cognition, Santé, Société (C2S), Reims, France
| | - Farid Benzerouk
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Laboratoire Cognition, Santé, Société (C2S), Reims, France.,Psychiatry Department, Reims University Hospital, Marne Mental Health Institute, Reims, France
| | - Delphine Raucher-Chéné
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Laboratoire Cognition, Santé, Société (C2S), Reims, France.,Psychiatry Department, Reims University Hospital, Marne Mental Health Institute, Reims, France.,Douglas Mental Health University Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | - Arthur Kaladjian
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Laboratoire Cognition, Santé, Société (C2S), Reims, France.,Psychiatry Department, Reims University Hospital, Marne Mental Health Institute, Reims, France
| | - Fabien Gierski
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Laboratoire Cognition, Santé, Société (C2S), Reims, France.,Psychiatry Department, Reims University Hospital, Marne Mental Health Institute, Reims, France.,Research Group on Alcohol and Drug Dependence (GRAP), INSERM-University of Picardy Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Audrey Henry
- Université de Reims Champagne Ardenne, Laboratoire Cognition, Santé, Société (C2S), Reims, France.,Psychiatry Department, Reims University Hospital, Marne Mental Health Institute, Reims, France
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20
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Hien DA, López-Castro T, Fitzpatrick S, Ruglass LM, Fertuck EA, Melara R. A unifying translational framework to advance treatment research for comorbid PTSD and substance use disorders. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 127:779-794. [PMID: 34062208 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
We provide a unifying translational framework that can be used to synthesize extant lines of human laboratory research in four neurofunctional domains that underlie the co-occurrence of posttraumatic stress and substance use disorders (PTSD+SUD). We draw upon the Alcohol and Addiction Research Domain Criteria (AARDOC) to include executive functioning, negative emotionality, reward, and added social cognition from the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) Research Domain Criteria into our framework. We review research findings across each of the four domains, emphasizing human experimental studies in PTSD, SUD, and PTSD+SUD for each domain. We also discuss the implications of research findings for treatment development by considering new ways of conceptualizing risk factors and outcomes at the level of the individual patient, which will enhance treatment matching and advance innovations in intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denise A Hien
- Center of Alcohol & Substance Use Studies, Graduate School of Applied and Professional Psychology, Rutgers University-New Brunswick, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States.
| | - Teresa López-Castro
- Psychology Department, The City College of New York, New York, NY, United States
| | | | - Lesia M Ruglass
- Center of Alcohol & Substance Use Studies, Graduate School of Applied and Professional Psychology, Rutgers University-New Brunswick, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States; Psychology Department, The City College of New York, New York, NY, United States
| | - Eric A Fertuck
- Psychology Department, The City College of New York, New York, NY, United States
| | - Robert Melara
- Psychology Department, The City College of New York, New York, NY, United States
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Romeo B, Hermand M, Pétillion A, Karila L, Benyamina A. Clinical and biological predictors of psychedelic response in the treatment of psychiatric and addictive disorders: A systematic review. J Psychiatr Res 2021; 137:273-282. [PMID: 33730602 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2021.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of psychedelic treatments has shown very promising results in some psychiatric and addictive disorders, but not all patients achieved a response. AIM The aim of this review is to explore the clinical and biological factors which could predict the response to psychedelics in psychiatric and addictive disorders. METHODS A systematic research was performed on MEDLINE, PsycInfo, Web of science, and Scopus databases from January 1990 to May 2020. All studies investigating the predictive factors of response to psychedelics regardless of psychiatric or addictive disorders, were included. RESULTS Twenty studies investigating addictive disorder, treatment-resistant depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder and depressive and anxiety symptoms in patients with life-threatening cancer were included in this review. We found that, in all indications, the main predictive factor of response to psychedelics is the intensity of the acute psychedelic experience. Indeed, we found this factor for alcohol and tobacco use disorders, treatment-resistant depression, and anxiety and depressive symptoms in patients with life-threatening cancer, but not for obsessive-compulsive disorder. CONCLUSION The intensity of the acute psychedelic experience was the main predicting factor of response. The action mechanism of this experience was not clear, but some hypotheses could be made, such as a modulation of serotoninergic system by 5-HT2A receptors agonism, a modulation of the default mode network (DMN) with an acute modular disintegration of the DMN followed by a re-integration of this network with a normal functioning, or an anti-inflammatory effect of this treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Romeo
- APHP, Paul Brousse Hospital, Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, F-94800, Villejuif, France; Unité Psychiatrie-Comorbidités-Addictions- Unité de Recherche PSYCOMADD 4872 Université Paris Sud- APHP, Université Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France.
| | - Marianne Hermand
- APHP, Paul Brousse Hospital, Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, F-94800, Villejuif, France; Unité Psychiatrie-Comorbidités-Addictions- Unité de Recherche PSYCOMADD 4872 Université Paris Sud- APHP, Université Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Amélie Pétillion
- APHP, Paul Brousse Hospital, Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, F-94800, Villejuif, France; Unité Psychiatrie-Comorbidités-Addictions- Unité de Recherche PSYCOMADD 4872 Université Paris Sud- APHP, Université Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Laurent Karila
- APHP, Paul Brousse Hospital, Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, F-94800, Villejuif, France; Unité Psychiatrie-Comorbidités-Addictions- Unité de Recherche PSYCOMADD 4872 Université Paris Sud- APHP, Université Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
| | - Amine Benyamina
- APHP, Paul Brousse Hospital, Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, F-94800, Villejuif, France; Unité Psychiatrie-Comorbidités-Addictions- Unité de Recherche PSYCOMADD 4872 Université Paris Sud- APHP, Université Paris Saclay, Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France
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22
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Lannoy S, Duka T, Carbia C, Billieux J, Fontesse S, Dormal V, Gierski F, López-Caneda E, Sullivan EV, Maurage P. Emotional processes in binge drinking: A systematic review and perspective. Clin Psychol Rev 2021; 84:101971. [PMID: 33497920 PMCID: PMC8275688 DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2021.101971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Binge drinking is a widespread alcohol consumption pattern commonly engaged by youth. Here, we present the first systematic review of emotional processes in relation to binge drinking. Capitalizing on a theoretical model describing three emotional processing steps (emotional appraisal/identification, emotional response, emotional regulation) and following PRISMA guidelines, we considered all identified human studies exploring emotional abilities among binge drinkers. A literature search was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, and PsychINFO, and a standardized methodological quality assessment was performed for each study. The main findings offered by the 43 studies included are: 1) regarding emotional appraisal/identification, binge drinking is related to heightened negative emotional states, including greater severity of depressive and anxiety symptoms, and have difficulties in recognizing emotional cues expressed by others; 2) regarding emotional response, binge drinkers exhibit diminished emotional response compared with non-binge drinkers; 3) regarding emotional regulation, no experimental data currently support impaired emotion regulation in binge drinking. Variability in the identification and measurement of binge drinking habits across studies limits conclusions. Nevertheless, current findings establish the relevance of emotional processes in binge drinking and set the stage for new research perspectives to identify the nature and extent of emotional impairments in the onset and maintenance of excessive alcohol use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Séverine Lannoy
- Stanford University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford, California, USA; Louvain Experimental Psychopathology research group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
| | - Theodora Duka
- Behavioral and Clinical Neuroscience, School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK; Sussex Addiction and Intervention Centre, University of Sussex, Brighton, UK
| | - Carina Carbia
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Biosciences Building, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Joël Billieux
- Institute of Psychology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Sullivan Fontesse
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology research group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Valérie Dormal
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology research group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Fabien Gierski
- Cognition Health and Society Laboratory (EA 6291), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France; Psychiatry and Addictology Departments, CHU de Reims & EPSM Marne, Reims, France
| | - Eduardo López-Caneda
- Psychological Neuroscience Laboratory, Research Center in Psychology (CIPsi), School of Psychology, University of Minho, Campus, Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
| | - Edith V Sullivan
- Stanford University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Pierre Maurage
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology research group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
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23
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Creupelandt C, Maurage P, DˈHondt F. Visuoperceptive Impairments in Severe Alcohol Use Disorder: A Critical Review of Behavioral Studies. Neuropsychol Rev 2021; 31:361-84. [PMID: 33591477 DOI: 10.1007/s11065-020-09469-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Accepted: 11/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The present literature review is aimed at offering a comprehensive and critical view of behavioral data collected during the past seventy years concerning visuoperception in severe alcohol use disorders (AUD). To pave the way for a renewal of research and clinical approaches in this very little understood field, this paper (1) provides a critical review of previous behavioral studies exploring visuoperceptive processing in severe AUD, (2) identifies the alcohol-related parameters and demographic factors that influence the deficits, and (3) addresses the limitations of this literature and their implications for current clinical strategies. By doing so, this review highlights the presence of visuoperceptive deficits but also shows how the lack of in-depth studies exploring the visual system in this clinical population results in the current absence of integration of these deficits in the dominant models of vision. Given the predominance of vision in everyday life, we stress the need to better delineate the extent, the specificity, and the actual implications of the deficits for severe AUD.
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24
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Rupp CI, Junker D, Kemmler G, Mangweth-Matzek B, Derntl B. Do Social Cognition Deficits Recover with Abstinence in Alcohol-Dependent Patients? Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2021; 45:470-479. [PMID: 33523497 PMCID: PMC7986754 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Background Despite growing evidence of the presence and clinical relevance of deficits in social cognition in individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD), less is known about the potential of “natural” recovery with abstinence in this neurocognitive domain. This study investigated the abstinence‐based recovery of neurocognitive social abilities in alcohol‐dependent patients (ADP) using a prospective longitudinal design with follow‐up assessment under controlled conditions of abstinence during alcohol dependence inpatient treatment. Methods Seventy‐seven participants (42 ADP and 35 healthy controls [HC]) performed social cognition testing, including facial emotion recognition, perspective taking, and affective responsiveness twice (baseline/T1 and follow‐up/T2) during comparable follow‐up periods. Assessment of social cognition in abstinent ADP was conducted at the beginning (T1; within the first 2 weeks) and at the end (T2; within the last 2 weeks) of long‐term (2 months) abstinence‐oriented alcohol dependence inpatient treatment. Only patients abstinent for >14 days (last heavy drinking day >21 days) at baseline (T1) and who remained abstinent at follow‐up (T2) were included. Results ADP, who on average were nearly 2 months abstinent at T1, showed poorer social cognition in all 3 areas (emotion recognition, perspective taking, and affective responsiveness) than HC. There was no difference between groups on the change in performance over time, and group differences (ADP vs. HC) remained significant at T2, indicating persistent social cognition deficits in ADP following controlled abstinence during inpatient treatment. Conclusions Our findings indicate no natural recovery of social cognition impairments in ADP during an intermediate to long‐term period of abstinence (2+ months), the usual active treatment phase. Research aimed at developing interventions that focus on the improvement of social cognition deficits (e.g., social cognition training) and determining whether they benefit short‐ and long‐term clinical outcomes in AUD seems warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia I Rupp
- Division of Psychiatry I, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - David Junker
- Division of Psychiatry I, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Georg Kemmler
- Division of Psychiatry I, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Barbara Mangweth-Matzek
- Division of Psychiatry II, Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Birgit Derntl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.,LEAD Graduate School and Research Network, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
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25
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Maurage P, Pabst A, Lannoy S, D'Hondt F, de Timary P, Gaudelus B, Peyroux E. Tackling heterogeneity: Individual variability of emotion decoding deficits in severe alcohol use disorder. J Affect Disord 2021; 279:299-307. [PMID: 33096328 PMCID: PMC7738413 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe alcohol use disorder (SAUD) is associated with social cognition deficits. Patients with SAUD are impaired for the recognition of emotional facial expressions, particularly at early stages of abstinence. These deficits damage interpersonal relations and increase relapse risk. However, uncertainties still abound on their variation across emotions and on the heterogeneity of emotional impairments across patients. We addressed these questions by exploring how the deficit varies according to emotions' type/intensity and patients' heterogeneity. METHODS Sixty-five recently detoxified patients with SAUD and 65 matched healthy controls performed the Facial Emotion Recognition Test, assessing the ability to identify six emotions (anger, contempt, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness) displayed by morphed faces with various intensities. Accuracy scores and detection thresholds were collected for each emotion. Beyond group comparisons, multiple single-case analyses determined the percentage of patients presenting decoding deficits for each emotion. RESULTS When current depression and anxiety symptoms were controlled for, patients did not present a general emotion decoding deficit, but were rather characterized by specific deficits for disgust/contempt in accuracy, and for disgust in detection threshold scores. Single-case analyses showed that only a third of patients presented a clinically significant emotional deficit. CONCLUSIONS Patients with SAUD only present emotional decoding deficits for specific interpersonal emotions (disgust/contempt) when subclinical psychopathological states are controlled for, and show no general emotional impairment. This goes against the proposal of a generalized social cognition deficit in this population. This group effect moreover masks a massive heterogeneity across patients, which has implications at experimental and clinical levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Maurage
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology research group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
| | - Arthur Pabst
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology research group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Séverine Lannoy
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology research group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; Stanford University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Fabien D'Hondt
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Lille, France; CHU Lille, Clinique de Psychiatrie, CURE, Lille, France; Centre National de Ressources et de Résilience Lille-Paris (CN2R), Lille, France
| | - Philippe de Timary
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology research group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; Department of Adult Psychiatry, Saint-Luc Academic Hospital & Institute of Neuroscience, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Baptiste Gaudelus
- Centre de Neurosciences Cognitives, UMR 5229, CNRS, Bron, France; Service Universitaire de Réhabilitation, SUR-CL3R, Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, Lyon, France
| | - Elodie Peyroux
- Centre de Neurosciences Cognitives, UMR 5229, CNRS, Bron, France; Service Universitaire de Réhabilitation, SUR-CL3R, Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, Lyon, France
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26
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Pabst A, Peyroux E, Rolland B, de Timary P, Maurage P. Hostile attributional bias in severe alcohol use disorder. J Psychiatr Res 2020; 129:176-180. [PMID: 32755750 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Impairments in social cognition have been documented in severe alcohol use disorder (SAUD) over the past two decades. They have been linked with lower social functioning and poor treatment outcomes, illustrating their key role in the disorder. However, studies investigating social cognition in SAUD have largely focused on emotional decoding and theory of mind abilities, neglecting other important processes. We expand this line of research by exploring the association between SAUD and hostile attributional biases (i.e., the tendency to attribute hostile intentions to others), another clinically relevant subcomponent of social cognition. Thirty-five patients with SAUD and thirty-five matched healthy controls completed the short version of the Ambiguous Intentions Hostility Questionnaire, a validated measure assessing participants' perceived hostility, blame attribution and aggression in relation to vignettes depicting social situations with negative outcomes and ambiguous intent. Patients with SAUD attributed more hostile intentions to others than did healthy controls. Moreover, this hostile attributional bias was associated with increased interpersonal problems in SAUD, as measured through the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems. We thus evidence hostile attributional bias in SAUD and extend the growing literature on social cognition impairments in this population. Furthermore, these findings corroborate the recent proposal that patients with SAUD exhibit biases toward socially threatening information. The association between hostile attributional bias and interpersonal problems suggests that targeting this bias in treatment may reduce the relapse risk resulting from interpersonal deficits. Recommendations are made to further explore the clinical relevance of hostile attributional bias in SAUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Pabst
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology Research Group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Elodie Peyroux
- Centre de Neurosciences Cognitives, UMR 5229, CNRS, Bron, France, & Service Universitaire de Réhabilitation, SUR-CL3R, Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, Bron, France
| | - Benjamin Rolland
- Service Universitaire d'Addictologie de Lyon (SUAL), Université de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, Bron, France
| | - Philippe de Timary
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology Research Group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; Department of Adult Psychiatry, Saint-Luc Academic Hospital & Institute of Neuroscience, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre Maurage
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology Research Group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
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27
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MacIlvane N, Fede SJ, Pearson EE, Diazgranados N, Momenan R. A Distinct Neurophenotype of Fearful Face Processing in Alcohol Use Disorder With and Without Comorbid Anxiety. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2020; 44:2212-2224. [PMID: 32981080 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD) can present with comorbid anxiety symptoms and often have deficits in emotional processing. Previous research suggests brain response is altered during facial affect recognition tasks, especially in limbic areas, due to either AUD or anxiety symptomology; however, the impact of both AUD and clinically significant anxiety symptoms during these tasks has not yet been examined. METHODS In this study, we investigated neural activation differences during an emotional face-matching task. Participants (N = 232) underwent fMRI scanning, as part of a larger study. Three groups were investigated: individuals with diagnosed AUD and elevated anxiety traits (AUD + ANX, n = 90), individuals with diagnosed AUD but non-clinically significant levels of anxiety (AUD-ANX, n = 39), and healthy controls (HC, n = 103). RESULTS Our results illustrate distinct neurophenotypes of AUD, where individuals with comorbid anxiety symptomology have blunted emotional face processing while those with singular AUD are hyperresponsive. CONCLUSIONS This suggests AUD with anxiety symptomology may have a unique neurobiological underpinning, and treatment and intervention should be tailored to individual constellations of symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole MacIlvane
- From the, Clinical NeuroImaging Research Core, (NM, SJF, EEP, RM), National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Samantha J Fede
- From the, Clinical NeuroImaging Research Core, (NM, SJF, EEP, RM), National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Emma E Pearson
- From the, Clinical NeuroImaging Research Core, (NM, SJF, EEP, RM), National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Nancy Diazgranados
- Office of Clinical Director (ND), National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Reza Momenan
- From the, Clinical NeuroImaging Research Core, (NM, SJF, EEP, RM), National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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28
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Agrawal A, McCutcheon VV. Commentary on Hartwell et al. (2020): Alcohol use disorder treatment response-where is the variability? Addiction 2020; 115:1438-1439. [PMID: 32343448 DOI: 10.1111/add.15085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arpana Agrawal
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
| | - Vivia V McCutcheon
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA
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29
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Pabst A, Heeren A, Maurage P. Socio-affective processing biases in severe alcohol use disorders: Experimental and therapeutic perspectives. Addict Behav 2020; 106:106382. [PMID: 32171955 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Previous literature has consistently reported socio-affective information processing impairments in patients with severe alcohol use disorder (SAUD). Some recent studies have also suggested that these patients might exhibit biases toward stimuli indicating social threat, such as angry or disgusted faces. Such biases have been largely documented in other psychopathological disorders like anxiety, where they play a critical role in the emergence and maintenance of the disorder. A comprehensive understanding of these biases in SAUD would thus deepen the understanding of interpersonal difficulties and relapse-related factors. However, to date, no study has directly explored these biases in SAUD. In order to initiate efforts to address this issue, we first review preliminary evidence supporting the hypothesis of biased processing of social threat in SAUD. Then, we identify possible pathways through which such biases might negatively impact the course of the disorder. Finally, we provide precise recommendations and available materials to develop research in this promising field, and underline the related theoretical and clinical perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Pabst
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology Research Group, Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Alexandre Heeren
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology Research Group, Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; Clinical Neuroscience Division, Institute of Neuroscience, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre Maurage
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology Research Group, Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; Clinical Neuroscience Division, Institute of Neuroscience, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
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30
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Creupelandt C, D'Hondt F, de Timary P, Falagiarda F, Collignon O, Maurage P. Selective visual and crossmodal impairment in the discrimination of anger and fear expressions in severe alcohol use disorder. Drug Alcohol Depend 2020; 213:108079. [PMID: 32554170 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.108079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe alcohol use disorder (SAUD) is associated with impaired discrimination of emotional expressions. This deficit appears increased in crossmodal settings, when simultaneous inputs from different sensory modalities are presented. However, so far, studies exploring emotional crossmodal processing in SAUD relied on static faces and unmatched face/voice pairs, thus offering limited ecological validity. Our aim was therefore to assess emotional processing using a validated and ecological paradigm relying on dynamic audio-visual stimuli, manipulating the amount of emotional information available. METHOD Thirty individuals with SAUD and 30 matched healthy controls performed an emotional discrimination task requiring to identify five emotions (anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness) expressed as visual, auditory, or auditory-visual segments of varying length. Sensitivity indices (d') were computed to get an unbiased measure of emotional discrimination and entered in a Generalized Linear Mixed Model. Incorrect emotional attributions were also scrutinized through confusion matrices. RESULTS Discrimination levels varied across sensory modalities and emotions, and increased with stimuli duration. Crucially, performances also improved from unimodal to crossmodal conditions in both groups, but discrimination for anger crossmodal stimuli and fear crossmodal/visual stimuli remained selectively impaired in SAUD. These deficits were not influenced by stimuli duration, suggesting that they were not modulated by the amount of emotional information available. Moreover, they were not associated with systematic emotional error patterns reflecting specific confusions between emotions. CONCLUSIONS These results clarify the nature and extent of crossmodal impairments in SAUD and converge with earlier findings to ascribe a specific role for anger and fear in this pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Coralie Creupelandt
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology Research Group (UCLEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute (IPSY) and Institute of Neuroscience (IoNS), UCLouvain, B-1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
| | - Fabien D'Hondt
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172, Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, F-59000 Lille, France; CHU Lille, Clinique de Psychiatrie, CURE, F-59000, Lille, France; Centre National de Ressources et de Résilience Lille-Paris (CN2R), F-59000, Lille, France.
| | - Philippe de Timary
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology Research Group (UCLEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute (IPSY) and Institute of Neuroscience (IoNS), UCLouvain, B-1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; Department of Adult Psychiatry, Saint-Luc Academic Hospital, B-1200, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Federica Falagiarda
- Crossmodal Perception and Plasticity laboratory (CPP-Lab), Psychological Sciences Research Institute (IPSY) and Institute of Neuroscience (IoNS), UCLouvain, B-1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
| | - Olivier Collignon
- Crossmodal Perception and Plasticity laboratory (CPP-Lab), Psychological Sciences Research Institute (IPSY) and Institute of Neuroscience (IoNS), UCLouvain, B-1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; Centre for Mind/Brain Studies, University of Trento, Trento, Italy.
| | - Pierre Maurage
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology Research Group (UCLEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute (IPSY) and Institute of Neuroscience (IoNS), UCLouvain, B-1348, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
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31
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Lannoy S, Gilles F, Benzerouk F, Henry A, Oker A, Raucher-Chéné D, Besche-Richard C, Gierski F. Disentangling the role of social cognition processes at early steps of alcohol abuse: The influence of affective theory of mind. Addict Behav 2020; 102:106187. [PMID: 31863967 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2019.106187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Excessive alcohol use among adolescents has become a pressing challenge among Western societies. Accordingly, one of the current research objectives is to identify the processes associated with this harmful habit. Although numerous studies have underlined the role of executive and motivational processes, few have explored emotional and interpersonal abilities at early steps of alcohol abuse. The present study evaluated the role of two social cognition processes, namely theory of mind (ability to infer others' mental states at cognitive and affective levels) and empathy (ability to understand others' feelings at cognitive and affective levels) in adolescents' alcohol consumption. Two hundred and two adolescents (13-20 years old) performed a behavioral task evaluating theory of mind and filled in questionnaires measuring personal data, empathy, alcohol consumption (alcohol abuse and specific binge drinking), as well as depressive and anxiety symptoms. Findings showed that cognitive and affective empathy were negatively associated with alcohol consumption in youth whereas affective theory of mind was related to specific binge drinking. Importantly, affective theory of mind predicted binge drinking in adolescents, even after controlling for age, gender, and education level. These results emphasized the role of social cognition in early alcohol abuse and showed that, beyond inhibition, interpersonal abilities might precipitate excessive drinking in youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Séverine Lannoy
- Cognition Health and Society Laboratory (EA 6291), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 57 rue Pierre Taittinger, 51571 Reims, France; Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, 10 Place Cardinal Mercier, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
| | - Fanny Gilles
- Cognition Health and Society Laboratory (EA 6291), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 57 rue Pierre Taittinger, 51571 Reims, France
| | - Farid Benzerouk
- Cognition Health and Society Laboratory (EA 6291), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 57 rue Pierre Taittinger, 51571 Reims, France; Pôle Universitaire de Psychiatrie, EPSM Marne, 8 Rue Roger Aubry, Reims, France.
| | - Audrey Henry
- Cognition Health and Society Laboratory (EA 6291), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 57 rue Pierre Taittinger, 51571 Reims, France; Pôle Universitaire de Psychiatrie, EPSM Marne, 8 Rue Roger Aubry, Reims, France.
| | - Ali Oker
- Cognition Health and Society Laboratory (EA 6291), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 57 rue Pierre Taittinger, 51571 Reims, France.
| | - Delphine Raucher-Chéné
- Cognition Health and Society Laboratory (EA 6291), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 57 rue Pierre Taittinger, 51571 Reims, France; Pôle Universitaire de Psychiatrie, EPSM Marne, 8 Rue Roger Aubry, Reims, France.
| | - Chrystel Besche-Richard
- Cognition Health and Society Laboratory (EA 6291), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 57 rue Pierre Taittinger, 51571 Reims, France.
| | - Fabien Gierski
- Cognition Health and Society Laboratory (EA 6291), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 57 rue Pierre Taittinger, 51571 Reims, France; Pôle Universitaire de Psychiatrie, EPSM Marne, 8 Rue Roger Aubry, Reims, France; INSERM U1247 GRAP, Research Group on Alcohol and Drugs, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Chemin du Thil, Amiens, France.
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Lewis B, Price JL, Garcia CC, Nixon SJ. Emotional Face Processing among Treatment-Seeking Individuals with Alcohol Use Disorders: Investigating Sex Differences and Relationships with Interpersonal Functioning. Alcohol Alcohol 2020; 54:361-369. [PMID: 30796771 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agz010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals in treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD) display deficits across a broad range of cognitive processes. Disruptions in affective processing are understudied, but may be particularly important for interpersonal functioning and post-treatment adaptation. In particular, the role of sex in AUD-associated emotion processing deficits remains largely unaddressed and was a focus of the current investigation. METHODS Fifty-six treatment seekers with AUD and 54 healthy community controls (N = 110) were administered an emotional face discrimination task. Non-affective tasks included a sex-discrimination task and two brief measures of executive functioning. Two measures of interpersonal function were included. RESULTS Emotion processing deficits were evident among women with AUD relative to other groups. This sex-contingent relationship was not observed in measures of executive function, sex-discrimination or interpersonal problems, although individuals with AUD performed more poorly on these measures. CONCLUSIONS Results were consistent with extant literatures examining cognitive, affective and interpersonal functioning among individuals with AUD, and provided novel evidence of vulnerability to alcohol-associated deficits in emotion processing among women. While similar sex-contingent effects were not apparent among other measures, results support modest interrelationships, specifically including the import of emotion processing to interpersonal functioning in AUD. These data offer guidance for further systematic investigation and highlight important considerations for future relapse-prevention and recovery-facilitation efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Lewis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Center for Addiction Research & Education, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Julianne L Price
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Center for Addiction Research & Education, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Christian C Garcia
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Center for Addiction Research & Education, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Sara Jo Nixon
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Center for Addiction Research & Education, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Abstract
Background: Emotional dysregulation, measured with face recognition tasks, is prevalent in alcohol use disorders (AUD), constituting a risk factor for alcohol use and relapse. It is not clear however whether emotional dysregulation is a by-product of alcohol consumption, or if it can act as a predisposing factor for AUD. Objective: Our aim was to examine early signs of emotional dysregulation in adolescent drinkers. Method: Twenty-four high-school students and 24 university students completed two tasks. On the first one, participants had to gradually increment the emotional content of different faces until they could perceive an emotional expression (emotion perception threshold task). We also examined the propensity to perceive fearful expressions in an emotion identification task. Participants were semantically primed with emotion words (i.e., "fear"), and they then had to indicate whether a neutral-fearful facial composite matched the prime. Results: Using repeated-measures ANOVAS, in the emotion perception threshold task, "happy" faces were the easiest to detect and "sad" ones the hardest. For high school students there was a differential response pattern depending on binge scores, such that High-binge drinkers found it easier to detect a sad face but harder to detect a happy one compared to Low-binge drinkers. In the facial emotion identification task, Low-binge drinkers observed more fearful expressions compared to High-binge drinkers. Conclusions: Differences in emotional processing in young adolescents depending on drinking habits point towards the relevance of emotional dysregulation as an early sign of AUD. These findings could help develop novel diagnostic and treatment tools for young populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marina Pi-Ruano
- Departamento de Psicología Básica, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pilar Tejero
- Departamento de Psicología Básica, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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Khemiri L, Steensland P, Guterstam J, de Manzano Ö, Franck J, Jayaram-Lindström N. Effects of the monoamine stabilizer (-)OSU6162 on cognitive function in alcohol dependence. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2020; 237:69-82. [PMID: 31628507 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-019-05345-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alcohol dependence (AD) is associated with a dysregulated mesolimbocortical dopamine system-a pathway which is also implicated in both reward and cognition. The monoamine stabilizer (-)-OSU6162 (OSU) is a novel pharmacological compound with the ability to reduce ethanol intake and ethanol seeking in long-term drinking rats as well as reducing alcohol craving in AD patients. Dopaminergic drugs can both impair and improve cognitive functions, and the aim of the current study was to investigate the effect of OSU treatment on cognitive functioning in AD patients. METHOD In a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled study, 56 individuals with AD received 14 days of OSU or placebo treatment. Neuropsychological tasks from the Cambridge Automated Neuropsychological Test Battery (CANTAB®) and other tasks were used to evaluate treatment effect on executive function/impulsivity, working memory, attention, emotional recognition, and divergent thinking. RESULTS Treatment with OSU did not impair neuropsychological function in any of the cognitive domains investigated (all p > 0.1). In fact, OSU treatment did, compared to placebo, improve future planning ability (F(1,46) = 6.9; p = 0.012; Cohen's d = 0.54), verbal divergent thinking (F(1,44) = 10.1; p = 0.003; d = 0.96), and response time for emotional recognition (F(1,47) = 6.7; p = 0.013; d = 0.44). CONCLUSION OSU treatment did not cause short-term cognitive side effects, further supporting the potential of OSU as a clinically feasible pharmacological treatment in AD patients. OSU treatment might improve future planning, verbal divergent thinking, and emotional recognition latency, which in turn may have a beneficial impact on alcohol use outcomes. Future studies are needed to confirm these preliminary findings.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cognitive training is an effective means of improving performance in a range of populations. Whether it may serve to facilitate cognitive recovery and longer-term outcomes in persons with alcohol use disorders (AUDs) is unclear. Here, we review historical and current literature and offer perspectives for model development and potential implementation. METHOD We considered a large literature regarding the nature of alcohol-related compromise, early efforts to clarify the nature of recovery and current models and methods underlying cognitive training paradigms. We then constructed a narrative review demonstrating evolving frameworks and empirical data informing the critical review of cognitive training methods as a means of mitigating compromise and facilitating functional outcomes. RESULTS Cognitive improvement with abstinence is generally noted, but training protocols may enhance performance and generalize benefit to untrained, but highly similar, tasks. Transfer of training to dissimilar tasks and functional outcomes is uncommonly reported. It is noteworthy that some work suggests that clinician ratings for participants are improved. Inconsistency in sample characteristics, training protocols, and outcome measures constrain general conclusions while suggesting opportunities for study and development. CONCLUSIONS Cognitive training protocols have shown benefit in a variety of populations but have been examined infrequently in persons with AUDs. This overview indicates significant opportunity for cognitive improvement and recovery and thus a strong potential role for training protocols. However, supportive data are not robustly obtained. We suggest that one step in bridging this gap is the implementation of a conceptual framework incorporating contextual, behavioral, and neurobiological variables. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review deficits in emotional processing and social cognition potentially contributing to the dysfunctional emotion regulation and difficulties with interpersonal relationships observed in individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD) and to provide directions for future research. METHOD First is presented a review of emotional and social-cognitive impairments in recently detoxified AUD individuals that include alexithymia, difficulties in decoding others' emotions, and reduced theory of mind and empathy skills. Social cognition disorders in AUD pose different issues discussed, such as whether (1) these deficits are consequences of excessive alcohol consumption or premorbid risk factors for addiction, (2) emotional and social impairments impede positive treatment outcome, (3) recovery of social abilities is possible with sustained abstinence, and (4) AUD patients are unaware of their emotional and social dysfunctions. Finally, current knowledge on structural and functional brain correlates of these deficits in AUD are reviewed. RESULTS Emotional and social-cognitive functions affected in AUD can potentially compromise efforts to initiate and maintain abstinence by hampering efficacy of clinical treatment. Such dysfunction can obstruct efforts to enable or reinstate higher-order abilities such as emotional self-regulation, motivation to change, success in interpersonal/social interactions, and emotional insight and awareness of social dysfunctions (i.e., accurate metacognition). CONCLUSIONS The present review highlights the need to account for emotional processing and social cognition in the evaluation and rehabilitation of alcohol-related neurocognitive disorders and to consider psychotherapeutic treatment involving remediation of emotional and social skills as implemented in psychiatric and neurological disorders. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Meta-analysis of randomized studies using lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) for alcohol use disorder (AUD) showed large, significant effects for LSD efficacy compared to control conditions. Clinical studies suggest potential anti-addiction effects of LSD and mechanistically-related classic psychedelics for alcohol and other substance use disorders. AIMS To supplement clinical studies, reports of psychedelic use in naturalistic settings can provide further data regarding potential effects of psychedelics on alcohol use. METHODS An anonymous online survey of individuals with prior AUD reporting cessation or reduction in alcohol use following psychedelic use in non-clinical settings. RESULTS 343 respondents, mostly White (89%), males (78%), in the USA (60%) completed the survey. Participants reported seven years of problematic alcohol use on average before the psychedelic experience to which they attributed reduced alcohol consumption, with 72% meeting retrospective criteria for severe AUD. Most reported taking a moderate or high dose of LSD (38%) or psilocybin (36%), followed by significant reduction in alcohol consumption. After the psychedelic experience 83% no longer met AUD criteria. Participants rated their psychedelic experience as highly meaningful and insightful, with 28% endorsing psychedelic-associated changes in life priorities or values as facilitating reduced alcohol misuse. Greater psychedelic dose, insight, mystical-type effects, and personal meaning of experiences were associated with a greater reduction in alcohol consumption, controlling for prior alcohol consumption and related distress. CONCLUSIONS Although results cannot demonstrate causality, they suggest that naturalistic psychedelic use may lead to cessation or reduction in problematic alcohol use, supporting further investigation of psychedelic-assisted treatment for AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Garcia-Romeu
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alan K Davis
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Roland R Griffiths
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.,Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Matthew W Johnson
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Lannoy S, Benzerouk F, Maurage P, Barrière S, Billieux J, Naassila M, Kaladjian A, Gierski F. Disrupted Fear and Sadness Recognition in Binge Drinking: A Combined Group and Individual Analysis. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2019; 43:1978-1985. [PMID: 31329296 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Binge drinking is a harmful pattern of alcohol consumption, associated with cognitive and cerebral impairments. Indeed, various cognitive processes have been identified as disrupted in binge drinking, ranging from perceptive to executive functions, but emotional processes have conversely been little investigated. Particularly, it is unclear to what extent binge drinkers (BD) present difficulties to recognize and categorize the emotions expressed by other individuals. Such an exploration would, however, offer a more comprehensive view of the deficits associated with alcohol-related disorders and potentially involved in the maintenance of this harmful habit. METHODS Fifty-two BD and 42 control participants performed an emotional task assessing the ability to recognize 6 basic emotions (i.e., anger, contempt, disgust, fear, happiness, and sadness). Accuracy score and detection threshold were collected for each emotion. To explore the extent of emotion recognition difficulties, 2 analyses were conducted: (i) classical repeated measures analyses of variance, to compare groups' performance, and (ii) multiple single-case analyses (i.e., Crawford's t-tests), to determine the percentage of BD presenting genuine emotion recognition deficits. Correlations were also performed between alcohol consumption characteristics and emotional recognition scores. RESULTS BD presented reduced performance for the recognition of fear and sadness. Multiple single cases highlighted that these deficits respectively concerned 21.15 and 15.38% of the binge drinking sample, and the relation between binge drinking and reduced sadness detection was supported by correlational analyses. CONCLUSIONS These findings show that binge drinking is associated with a disrupted processing of emotional stimuli. By identifying heterogeneity in the impairments presented by BD, the present results also underline the usefulness of a combined group and individual Analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Séverine Lannoy
- Cognition Health and Society Laboratory (EA 6291), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France.,Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Farid Benzerouk
- Cognition Health and Society Laboratory (EA 6291), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France.,EPSM Marne, CHU de Reims, Pôle Universitaire de Psychiatrie, Reims, France
| | - Pierre Maurage
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Sarah Barrière
- EPSM Marne, CHU de Reims, Pôle Universitaire de Psychiatrie, Reims, France
| | - Joël Billieux
- Addictive and Compulsive Behaviour Lab (ACB-Lab), Institute for Health and Behaviour, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg
| | - Mickaël Naassila
- INSERM U1247 GRAP, Research Group on Alcohol and Pharmacodependences, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - Arthur Kaladjian
- Cognition Health and Society Laboratory (EA 6291), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France.,EPSM Marne, CHU de Reims, Pôle Universitaire de Psychiatrie, Reims, France
| | - Fabien Gierski
- Cognition Health and Society Laboratory (EA 6291), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France.,EPSM Marne, CHU de Reims, Pôle Universitaire de Psychiatrie, Reims, France.,INSERM U1247 GRAP, Research Group on Alcohol and Pharmacodependences, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France
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Sliedrecht W, de Waart R, Witkiewitz K, Roozen HG. Alcohol use disorder relapse factors: A systematic review. Psychiatry Res 2019; 278:97-115. [PMID: 31174033 DOI: 10.1016/j.psychres.2019.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Revised: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A relapsing-remitting course is very common in patients with an Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD). Understanding the determinants associated with alcohol resumption remains a formidable task. This paper examines relapse determinants based on a systematic review of recent alcohol literature (2000-2019). Relevant databases were consulted for articles that contained information about specific relapse determinants and reported statistical significance of each relapse determinant in predicting relapse. Relapse was broadly defined based on the characterization in the included articles. From the initial identified 4613 papers, a total of 321 articles were included. Results encompass multiple relapse determinants, which were ordered according to biopsychosocial and spiritual categories, and presented, using a descriptive methodology. Psychiatric co-morbidity, AUD severity, craving, use of other substances, health and social factors were consistently significantly associated with AUD relapse. Conversely, supportive social network factors, self efficacy, and factors related to purpose and meaning in life, were protective against AUD relapse. Despite heterogeneity in different methods, measures, and sample characteristics, these findings may contribute to a better therapeutic understanding in which specific factors are associated with relapse and those that prevent relapse. Such factors may have a role in a personalized medicine framework to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilco Sliedrecht
- De Hoop GGZ, Provincialeweg 70, 3329 KP Dordrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Ranne de Waart
- Mentrum/Arkin, Wisselwerking 46-48, 1112 XR Diemen, the Netherlands.
| | - Katie Witkiewitz
- The University of New Mexico (UNM), MSC 03-2220, Univ of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
| | - Hendrik G Roozen
- The University of New Mexico (UNM), Center on Alcoholism, Substance Abuse, and Addictions (CASAA), MSC 11 6280, 1 Univ of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA.
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Abstract
Social interaction is closely associated with both functional capacity and well-being. Previous research has not only revealed evidence of social dysfunction in individuals with a wide range of psychiatric and neurological disorders but also generated an abundance of potential measures for assessing social cognition. This review explores the most popular measures used within neuropsychiatric populations to investigate the ability to recognize or reason about the mental states of others. Measures are also critically analyzed in terms of strengths and limitations to aid task selection in future clinical studies. The most frequently applied assessment tools use verbal, visual or audiovisual forms of presentation and assess recognition of mental states from facial features, self-rated empathy, the understanding of other's cognitive mental states such as beliefs and intentions, or the ability to combine knowledge of other's thoughts and emotions in order to understand subtle communications or socially inappropriate behavior. Key weaknesses of previous research include limited investigation of relationships with clinical symptoms, and underutilization of measures of everyday social functioning that offer a useful counterpart to traditional "lab" tasks. Future studies should aim to carefully select measures not only based on the range of skills to be assessed but also taking into account potential difficulties with interpretation and the need to gain insight into the application of social cognitive skills as well as ability per se. Some of the best measures include those with well-matched control trials (e.g., Yoni Task) or those that restrict the influence of verbal deficits (e.g., intentions comic strip task), elicit spontaneous mentalizing (e.g., Animations Task), and possess greater ecological validity (e.g., Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition). Social cognitive research within psychiatric populations will be further enhanced through the development of more closely matched control tasks, and the exploration of relationships between task performance, medication, strategy use, and broader emotional and motor functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare M. Eddy
- Research and Innovation, BSMHFT National Centre for Mental Health, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Research suggests that acute alcohol consumption alters recognition of emotional expressions. Extending this work, we investigated the effects of alcohol on recognition of six primary expressions of emotion. METHODS We conducted two studies using a 2 × 6 experimental design with a between-subjects factor of drink (alcohol, placebo) and a within-subjects factor of emotion (anger, disgust, sadness, surprise, happiness, fear). Study one ( n = 110) was followed by a direct replication study ( n = 192). Participants completed a six alternative forced choice emotion recognition task following consumption of 0.4 g/kg alcohol or placebo. Dependent variables were recognition accuracy (i.e. hits) and false alarms. RESULTS There was no clear evidence of differences in recognition accuracy between groups ( ps > .58). In study one, there were more false alarms for anger in the alcohol compared to placebo group ( n = 52 and 56, respectively; t(94.6) = 2.26, p = .024, d = .44) and fewer false alarms for happiness ( t(106) = -2.42, p = .017, d = -.47). However, no clear evidence for these effects was found in study two (alcohol group n = 96, placebo group n = 93, ps > .22). When the data were combined we observed weak evidence of an effect of alcohol on false alarms of anger ( t(295) = 2.25, p = .025, d = .26). CONCLUSIONS These studies find weak support for biased anger perception following acute alcohol consumption in social consumers, which could have implications for alcohol-related aggression. Future research should investigate the robustness of this effect, particularly in individuals high in trait aggression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasmine N Khouja
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit,
University of Bristol, Bristol, UK,School of Psychological Science,
University of Bristol, Bristol, UK,UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol
Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK,Jasmine N Khouja, School of Psychological
Science, University of Bristol, 12a Priory Road, Bristol, BS8 1TU, UK.
| | - Angela S Attwood
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit,
University of Bristol, Bristol, UK,School of Psychological Science,
University of Bristol, Bristol, UK,UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol
Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | | | - Marcus R Munafò
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit,
University of Bristol, Bristol, UK,School of Psychological Science,
University of Bristol, Bristol, UK,UK Centre for Tobacco and Alcohol
Studies, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
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Rolland B, D'Hondt F, Montègue S, Brion M, Peyron E, D'Aviau de Ternay J, de Timary P, Nourredine M, Maurage P. A Patient-Tailored Evidence-Based Approach for Developing Early Neuropsychological Training Programs in Addiction Settings. Neuropsychol Rev 2019; 29:103-115. [PMID: 30607658 DOI: 10.1007/s11065-018-9395-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Substance use disorders (SUDs) are associated with impairments of cognitive functions, and cognitive training programs are thus rapidly developing in SUD treatment. However, neuropsychological impairments observed early after withdrawal (i.e., early impairments), that is, approximately in the first six months, may be widespread. Consequently, it might not be possible to train all the identified early impairments. In these situations, we propose that the priority of cognitive training should be given to the early impairments found to be associated with early dropout or relapse (i.e., relapse-related impairments). However, substance-specific relapse-related impairments have not been singled out among all early impairments so far. Using a systematic literature search, we identified the types of established early impairments for all SUDs, and we assessed the extent to which these early impairments were found to be associated with relapse-related impairments. All cognitive functions were investigated according to a classification based on current neuropsychological models, distinguishing classical cognitive, substance-bias, and social cognition systems. According to the current evidence, demonstrated relapse-related impairments in alcohol use disorder comprised impulsivity, long-term memory, and higher-order executive functions. For cannabis use disorder, the identified relapse-related impairments were impulsivity and working memory. For stimulant use disorder, the identified relapse-related impairments were attentional abilities and higher-order executive functions. For opioid use disorder, the only identified relapse-related impairments were higher executive functions. However, many early impairments were not explored with respect to dropout/relapse, particularly for stimulant and opioid use disorders. The current literature reveals substance-specific relapse-related impairments, which supports a pragmatic patient-tailored approach for defining which early impairments should be prioritized in terms of training among patients with SUDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Rolland
- Univ Lyon; UCBL ; INSERM U1028 ; CNRS UMR5292, Centre de Recherche en Neuroscience de Lyon (CRNL), F-69678, Bron, France.,Service Universitaire d'Addictologie de Lyon (SUAL), Pôle UP-MOPHA, F-69500, Bron, CH Le Vinatier, France
| | - Fabien D'Hondt
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 9193 - SCALab - Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives, F-59000, Lille, France.,Clinique de Psychiatrie, CHU Lille, CURE, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Solène Montègue
- Service Universitaire d'Addictologie de Lyon (SUAL), Pôle UP-MOPHA, F-69500, Bron, CH Le Vinatier, France
| | - Mélanie Brion
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | | | - Julia D'Aviau de Ternay
- Service Universitaire d'Addictologie de Lyon (SUAL), Pôle UP-MOPHA, F-69500, Bron, CH Le Vinatier, France
| | - Philippe de Timary
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.,Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, B-1060, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Mikaïl Nourredine
- Service Universitaire d'Addictologie de Lyon (SUAL), Pôle UP-MOPHA, F-69500, Bron, CH Le Vinatier, France
| | - Pierre Maurage
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
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Kouimtsidis C, Duka T, Palmer E, Lingford-Hughes A. Prehabilitation in Alcohol Dependence as a Treatment Model for Sustainable Outcomes. A Narrative Review of Literature on the Risks Associated With Detoxification, From Animal Models to Human Translational Research. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:339. [PMID: 31156483 PMCID: PMC6531862 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In this review paper, we discuss how the overarching concept of prehabilitation is applicable to alcohol dependence. Central to prehabilitation are the concepts of expected harm, risks, and proactive planning to eliminate the harm or cope with the risks. We review the evidence from animal models, psychological experimental studies, as well as pharmacological studies, on the potential risks and harms associated with medically assisted alcohol detoxification and the current treatment paradigm for alcohol dependence. Animal models provide an approximation mostly of the physical aspect of alcohol withdrawal and detoxification process and make predictions about the development of the phenomena in humans. Despite their limitations, these models provide good evidence that withdrawal from chronic ethanol use induces cognitive impairment, which is worsened by repeated bouts of withdrawal and that these impairments are dependent on the duration of alcohol withdrawal. Initial clinical observations with alcohol-dependent patients confirmed increased incidence of seizures. In recent years, accumulating evidence suggests that patients who have had repeated episodes of withdrawal also show changes in their affect, increased craving, as well as significant deterioration of cognitive abilities, when compared to patients with fewer withdrawals. Alcohol dependence is associated with tolerance and withdrawal, with neuroadaptations in γ-Aminobutyric Acid-A Receptor (GABA-A) and glutamatergic N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors playing key roles. It is suggested that dysregulation of the NMDA receptor system underpins alcohol-related memory impairments. Finally, we discuss the Structured Preparation for Alcohol Detoxification (SPADe) as an example of how prehabilitation has been applied in clinical practice. We discuss the importance of partial control over drinking as an interim step toward abstinence and early introduction of lifestyle changes for both the patient and the immediate environment prior to detoxification and while the patient is still drinking.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Theodora Duka
- Sussex Addiction Research and Intervention Centre (SARIC), School of Psychology, University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom
| | - Emily Palmer
- Centre for Psychiatry, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
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Abstract
Many smokers are aware that smoking is a dangerous health behavior and eventually try to quit smoking. Unfortunately, most quit attempts end in failure. Traditionally, the addictive nature of smoking has been attributed to the pharmacologic effects of nicotine. In an effort to offer a more comprehensive, biobehavioral analysis of smoking behavior and motivation, some researchers have begun to consider the role of social factors in smoking. In line with recent recommendations to integrate social and pharmacological analyses of smoking, we reviewed the experimental literature examining the effects of nicotine and nicotine withdrawal on social functioning. The review identified 13 studies that experimentally manipulated nicotine and assessed social functioning, 12 of which found support for nicotine's enhancement of social functioning. Although few experiments have investigated social functioning, they nevertheless offer compelling evidence that nicotine enhances social functioning in smokers and suggest that nicotine deprivation may hamper social functioning in those dependent on nicotine. Future directions for investigating social outcomes and context in those who use nicotine products are discussed with a focus on leveraging advances in social and developmental psychology, animal research, sociology, and neuroimaging to more comprehensively understand smoking behavior. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2018 APA, all rights reserved).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea M Martin
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh
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45
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Creswell KG, Chung T. Treatment for Alcohol Use Disorder: Progress in Predicting Treatment Outcome and Validating Nonabstinent End Points. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2018; 42:1874-1879. [PMID: 30047988 DOI: 10.1111/acer.13846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kasey G Creswell
- Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Tammy Chung
- Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Freeman CR, Wiers CE, Sloan ME, Zehra A, Ramirez V, Wang GJ, Volkow ND. Emotion Recognition Biases in Alcohol Use Disorder. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2018; 42:1541-1547. [PMID: 29975424 DOI: 10.1111/acer.13802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol use disorder (AUD) has been associated with impairments in cognitive and emotional function, including difficulty identifying emotional facial expressions. However, it is unclear whether these deficits are associated with alcohol consumption or related anxious and depressive symptoms. METHODS We compared the recognition of emotional faces expressing happiness, surprise, sadness, fear, anger, and disgust in 19 AUD participants and 19 healthy volunteers using the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery Emotion Recognition Task. We analyzed group differences in response latency, accuracy, and misidentification patterns (as defined by the tendency to mislabel facial expressions as exhibiting specific emotions). To assess whether misidentification patterns were associated with drinking severity, we also examined associations with alcohol consumption over the past 90 days. RESULTS There were no differences in response latency or accuracy between groups. However, there were group differences in misidentification patterns. While controls tended to misidentify emotional expressions as happy, those with AUD tended to misidentify expressions as angry or disgusted. In AUD participants, the degree to which individuals were biased toward anger or disgust was positively correlated with the number of drinks they consumed in the past 90 days but was not associated with depression or anxiety scores. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that individuals with AUD have a bias toward misidentifying emotional facial expressions as hostile, which is not mediated by associated mood changes. This provides further evidence of disrupted social cognition in AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara R Freeman
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Corinde E Wiers
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Matthew E Sloan
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Amna Zehra
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Veronica Ramirez
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Gene-Jack Wang
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Nora D Volkow
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
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47
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Abstract
Alcohol use disorder is a complex syndrome with multiple treatment points including drug-induced pathology, withdrawal management, behavioral/cognitive strategies, and relapse prevention. These different components may be complicated by genotype and phenotype. A huge milestone for the treatment of alcohol use disorder across several countries in the last 10 years was the introduction of practice guidelines integrating clinical expertise and research evidence. These provide a summary of interventions that have been shown to be effective following rigorous and replicated clinical trials. Inspection of these guidelines reveals good consistency, but little evidence of progress in treatment approaches for alcohol use disorder over the past decade. In this mini-review, we discuss emerging treatments for alcohol use disorder that may supplement or improve the evidence-based treatments that are currently recommended. New medications, the emergence of digital technology, and other novel approaches such as transcranial magnetic stimulation are all discussed with reference to treatments already in practice. We also consider how individual differences in genotype and phenotype may affect outcomes. Together with improvements in technology, this knowledge offers a powerful tool for designing personalized approaches to treatment, and hence improving prognosis for rehabilitation programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin J Campbell
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia.,Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Andrew J Lawrence
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia.,Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Christina J Perry
- The Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Melbourne Brain Centre, Parkville, Victoria, 3052, Australia. .,Florey Department of Neuroscience and Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia.
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