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Lees R, Lawn W, Petrilli K, Brown A, Trinci K, Borissova A, Ofori S, Mokrysz C, Curran HV, Hines LA, Freeman TP. Persistent increased severity of cannabis use disorder symptoms in adolescents compared to adults: a one-year longitudinal study. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2024:10.1007/s00406-024-01806-y. [PMID: 38709252 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-024-01806-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Adolescence is a developmental period characterised by increased vulnerability to cannabis use disorder (CUD). However, previous investigations of this vulnerability have relied on cross-sectional comparisons and lack a detailed assessment of cannabis quantity, a potentially important confounding factor. Here, we aimed to investigate the one-year course of CUD in adolescents compared to adults who currently use cannabis, adjusting for a comprehensive measure of cannabis quantity. Data are from a one-year observational longitudinal study (CannTeen) of adolescents and adults who currently used cannabis regularly with five waves of assessment at 3-monthly intervals, based in London, UK. Participants were n = 70 adults (26-29, 45.7% female), who did not regularly use cannabis when they were under age 18, and n = 76 adolescents (16-17, 50.0% female). The exposure was adolescent (compared to adult) frequent cannabis use. The primary outcome was CUD symptoms measured using the cannabis use disorder identification test revised (CUDIT-R) at five time points. Models were adjusted for cannabis quantity using mean weekly standard THC units (one unit = 5 mg THC). Other covariates included gender, and whether each session occurred before or during the COVID-19 pandemic. In models adjusted for pre-registered covariates, adolescents scored 3.7 points higher on the CUDIT-R compared to the adult group across the 5 assessment waves (3.66 95% CIs 1.99, 5.34). There was also evidence of a linear reduction in symptoms over time in both groups (-0.47, 95%CIs -0.67, -0.27). Adolescents had persistently increased CUD symptoms compared to adults across the 12-month period. This association was robust after adjusting for the quantity of cannabis consumed and other covariates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Lees
- Addiction and Mental Health Group, Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Bath, UK.
| | - Will Lawn
- Department of Psychology, Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Kat Petrilli
- Addiction and Mental Health Group, Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Amelia Brown
- Addiction and Mental Health Group, Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Katie Trinci
- Clinical Psychopharmacology Unit, UCL, London, UK
| | - Anya Borissova
- Clinical Psychopharmacology Unit, UCL, London, UK
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Shelan Ofori
- Clinical Psychopharmacology Unit, UCL, London, UK
| | | | | | - Lindsey A Hines
- Addiction and Mental Health Group, Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Tom P Freeman
- Addiction and Mental Health Group, Department of Psychology, University of Bath, Bath, UK
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Compton W, Weiss S. Commentary on Petrilli et al.: Assessing cannabis use in real-world settings - advances using standard THC units. Addiction 2024; 119:784-785. [PMID: 38263762 DOI: 10.1111/add.16440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Wilson Compton
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Susan Weiss
- National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, US Department of Health and Human Services, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
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