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Huang D, Cai J, Zhang C, Jin R, Bai S, Yao F, Ding H, Zhao B, Chen Y, Wu X, Zhao H. Semen quality and seminal plasma metabolites in male rabbits ( Oryctolagus cuniculus) under heat stress. PeerJ 2023; 11:e15112. [PMID: 37065702 PMCID: PMC10103697 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.15112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 04/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Heat stress causes infertility in male rabbits in summer. This study was conducted to determine the effects of heat stress on semen quality and seminal plasma metabolites of male rabbits. To achieve these objectives, the temperature and humidity index (THI) was used to determine the stress state of male rabbits during different months, thereby the rabbits were divided into heat stress and no heat stress groups. The quality of the semen and the biochemical indices of seminal plasma were then analyzed. Next the plasma metabolites of rabbits in both groups were evaluated using the ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectroscopy (UPLC-MS)/MS technique. Our results showed that the THI value of the rabbit housing in May was 20.94 (no heat stress). The THI value of the housing in August was 29.10 (heat stress group, n = 10). Compared with the non-heat stress group, the sperm motility, density, and pH in the heat stress group (n = 10) were significantly decreased (P < 0.01); the semen volume decreased significantly (P < 0.05); and the sperm malformation rate increased significantly (P < 0.01). The number of grade A sperm significantly decreased, while the numbers of B and C grade sperm significantly increased (P < 0.01). The total sperm output (TSO), total motile sperm (TMS), and total functional sperm fraction (TFSF) decreased significantly (P < 0.01). Heat stress protein 70 (HSP70) and acid phosphatase (ACP) in the seminal plasma of rabbits in the heat stress group (n = 20) were significantly increased (P < 0.01). Seminal plasma testosterone (T), α-glucosidase (α-Glu), and fructose decreased significantly (P < 0.01). The concentrations of Mg2+ (P < 0.05), Na+ (P < 0.01), and K+ (P < 0.01) in metal ions were significantly decreased. These findings indicated that heat stress severely affected the quality of the male rabbit semen. Furthermore, UPLC-MS/MS technology was used to analyze the seminal plasma samples of rabbits in the heat stress group and non-heat stress group (n = 9 for each group). In total, 346 metabolites were identified, with variable importance in project (VIP) > 1.0, fold change (FC) > 1.5 or < 0.667, and P < 0.05 as the threshold. A total of 71 differential metabolites were matched, including stearic acid, betaine, arachidonic acid, L-malic acid, and indole. The Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis of differential metabolites revealed 51 metabolic pathways, including synthesis and degradation of ketones, serine and threonine metabolism, tryptophan metabolism, and the citric acid cycle. Our study has shown that the sperm motility, sperm pH value, and sperm density of male rabbits decreased significantly under heat stress, and the sperm malformation rate increased significantly. Furthermore, the quality of semen was shown to deteriorate and the energy metabolism pathway was disturbed. These findings provide a theoretical reference for alleviating the adaptive heat stress in male rabbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongwei Huang
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jiawei Cai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Rongshuai Jin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Shaocheng Bai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Fan Yao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Haisheng Ding
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Bohao Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yang Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xinsheng Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Huiling Zhao
- Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Livestock and Poultry Product Safety Engineering, Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
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2
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Abdelhamid MHM, Fellah AA, Elmarghani A, Al Msellati IA. An Assessment of Men Semen Alterations in SARS-CoV-2: Is Fever the Principal Concern? Reprod Sci 2022; 30:72-80. [PMID: 35194760 PMCID: PMC8863294 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-022-00889-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 virus (COVID-19) was identified as a pandemic in March 2020 by the World Health Organization. The virus spreads primarily through saliva droplets or nasal discharges, in addition to coughing or sneezing from an infected person. The most common symptom at the onset of illness is fever, which may appear within 2-14 days after exposure. The high fever (above 38 °C) can persist from one to 4 days. The febrile illness usually has a variable negative impact on sperm characteristics such as sperm output, motility, morphology, and DNA fragmentation. These defects proliferated due to an increase in testicular temperature, and disturbance in the thermoregulatory systems that are responsible for the testicular heat loss. Coronavirus studies suggest that fever from SARS-CoV-2 virus infection induces a reversible negative effect on the sperm parameters until one cycle (74 days) of spermatogenesis. We believe that SARS-CoV-2 can have long-term adverse effects on testicles via immune or inflammatory reactions after the patient has fully recovered. This evidence could be added to the list of the long-term post-COVID-19 syndromes. Long-term follow-up and evaluation of the sperm parameters are necessary for all recovered male patients, especially the young ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Hadi Mohamed Abdelhamid
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Cell Biology and Tissue Culture, Biotechnology Research Center (BTRC), Tripoli, Libya.
- National Center of Disease Control (NCDC), Tripoli, Libya.
| | - Abdulmunam A Fellah
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Cell Biology and Tissue Culture, Biotechnology Research Center (BTRC), Tripoli, Libya
| | - Ahmed Elmarghani
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Cell Biology and Tissue Culture, Biotechnology Research Center (BTRC), Tripoli, Libya
- National Center of Disease Control (NCDC), Tripoli, Libya
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3
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Guyot C, Gandula M, Noordermeer W, François-Brazier C, Moigno R, Bessonnat J, Brouillet S, Dhellemmes M, Bidart M, Arnoult C, Satre V, Coutton C, Martinez G. FISH and Chimps: Insights into Frequency and Distribution of Sperm Aneuploidy in Chimpanzees ( Pan troglodytes). Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10383. [PMID: 34638739 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerical chromosomal aberrations in sperm are considered to be a major factor in infertility, early pregnancy loss and syndromes with developmental and cognitive disabilities in mammals, including primates. Despite numerous studies in human and farm animals, the incidence and importance of sperm aneuploidies in non-human primate remains mostly undetermined. Here we investigated the incidence and distribution of sperm aneuploidy in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes), the species closest to human. We identify evolutionary conserved DNA sequences in human and chimpanzee and selected homologous sub-telomeric regions for all chromosomes to build custom probes and perform sperm-FISH analysis on more than 10,000 sperm nuclei per chromosome. Chimpanzee mean autosomal disomy rate was 0.057 ± 0.02%, gonosomes disomy rate was 0.198% and the total disomy rate was 1.497%. The proportion of X or Y gametes was respectively 49.94% and 50.06% for a ratio of 1.002 and diploidy rate was 0.053%. Our data provide for the first time an overview of aneuploidy in non-human primate sperm and shed new insights into the issues of aneuploidy origins and mechanisms.
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Talebi-Yazdabadi Z, Jahanbakhsh N, Dormiani K, Forouzanfar M, Lachinani L, Zohrabi D, Tavalaee M, Nasr-Esfahani MH. Assessment of MUSASHI 1 and MUSASHI 2 expression in spermatozoa and testicular tissue. Andrologia 2021; 53:e14187. [PMID: 34309875 DOI: 10.1111/and.14187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
MUSASHI (MSI) family plays the main role in the spermatogenesis process. The purpose of this study was the assessment of sperm MSI1 and MSI2, and sperm functional tests in infertile men (n = 30) with varicocele and fertile men (n = 30). Furthermore, MSI1 and MSI2 proteins were assessed in testicular tissue of azoospermic men (n = 9) as well as epididymal spermatozoa and testis of mice. Expression of MSI1 and MSI2 was assessed at RNA and protein levels in human spermatozoa. Sperm concentration and motility were significantly lower, while abnormal sperm morphology, lipid peroxidation, DNA fragmentation and protamine deficiency were significantly higher in men with varicocele compared to fertile individuals. Any significant difference was not observed in the expression of MSI1 and MSI2 mRNA between the two groups. Unlike MSI1 protein that was not detectable in humans, the relative expression of MSI2 protein was similar in varicocele and fertile individuals. The expression level of both Msi1 and Msi2 proteins was also observable in mouse spermatozoa. No significant relationship was observed between sperm functional parameters with expression of these genes. The data of this study demonstrated that although MSI1 and MSI2 play important roles during spermatogenesis, their relative expression in spermatozoa was not affected by varicocele.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Talebi-Yazdabadi
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran.,ACECR Institute of Higher Education, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Neda Jahanbakhsh
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran.,Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, NourDanesh Institute of Higher Education, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Kianoush Dormiani
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mahboobeh Forouzanfar
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Liana Lachinani
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Dina Zohrabi
- ACECR Institute of Higher Education, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Marziyeh Tavalaee
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Nasr-Esfahani
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Biotechnology, ACECR, Isfahan, Iran.,Isfahan Fertility and Infertility Center, Isfahan, Iran
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5
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Hu K, He C, Sun X, Li L, Xu Y, Zhang K, Liu X, Liang M. Integrated study of circRNA, lncRNA, miRNA, and mRNA networks in mediating the effects of testicular heat exposure. Cell Tissue Res 2021; 386:127-143. [PMID: 34014398 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-021-03474-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The World Health Organization has recognized that testicular function is temperature dependent. Testicular heat exposure caused by occupational factors, lifestyle, and clinical diseases can lead to different degrees of reproductive problems. The aim of this study was to reveal the transcriptional regulatory network and its potential crucial roles in mediating the effects of testicular heat exposure. Testicular tissue was collected from a group of mice subjected to scrotal heat exposure as well as a control group. RNA was isolated from both groups and used for high-throughput sequencing. Using differential transcriptome expression analysis, 172 circRNAs, 279 miRNAs, 465 lncRNAs, and 2721 mRNAs were identified as significantly differentially expressed in mouse testicular tissue after heat exposure compared with the control group. Through Gene Ontology (GO) term and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses, differentially expressed lncRNAs and mRNAs were found to have potentially important functions in meiotic cell cycle (GO:0051321), cytoplasm (GO:0005737), membrane raft (GO:0045121), MAPK signaling (mmu04010), purine metabolism (mmu00230), and homologous recombination (mmu03440). Some of the most upregulated and downregulated lncRNAs and circRNAs were predicted to be associated with numerous miRNAs and mRNAs through competing endogenous RNA regulatory network analysis, which were validated with molecular biology experiments. This research provides high-throughput sequencing data of a testicular heat exposure model and lays the foundation for further study on circRNAs, miRNAs, and lncRNAs that are involved in male reproductive diseases related to elevated testicular temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Hu
- School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Chaofan He
- School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Xunying Sun
- School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Longhui Li
- School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Yifan Xu
- School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Kejia Zhang
- School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaohua Liu
- NHC Key Laboratory of Male Reproduction and Genetics (Family Planning Research Institute of Guangdong Province), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Meng Liang
- School of Life Science, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, China.
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6
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Agarwal A, Majzoub A, Baskaran S, Panner Selvam MK, Cho CL, Henkel R, Finelli R, Leisegang K, Sengupta P, Barbarosie C, Parekh N, Alves MG, Ko E, Arafa M, Tadros N, Ramasamy R, Kavoussi P, Ambar R, Kuchakulla M, Robert KA, Iovine C, Durairajanayagam D, Jindal S, Shah R. Sperm DNA Fragmentation: A New Guideline for Clinicians. World J Mens Health 2020; 38:412-471. [PMID: 32777871 PMCID: PMC7502318 DOI: 10.5534/wjmh.200128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sperm DNA integrity is crucial for fertilization and development of healthy offspring. The spermatozoon undergoes extensive molecular remodeling of its nucleus during later phases of spermatogenesis, which imparts compaction and protects the genetic content. Testicular (defective maturation and abortive apoptosis) and post-testicular (oxidative stress) mechanisms are implicated in the etiology of sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF), which affects both natural and assisted reproduction. Several clinical and environmental factors are known to negatively impact sperm DNA integrity. An increasing number of reports emphasizes the direct relationship between sperm DNA damage and male infertility. Currently, several assays are available to assess sperm DNA damage, however, routine assessment of SDF in clinical practice is not recommended by professional organizations. This article provides an overview of SDF types, origin and comparative analysis of various SDF assays while primarily focusing on the clinical indications of SDF testing. Importantly, we report four clinical cases where SDF testing had played a significant role in improving fertility outcome. In light of these clinical case reports and recent scientific evidence, this review provides expert recommendations on SDF testing and examines the advantages and drawbacks of the clinical utility of SDF testing using Strength-Weaknesses-Opportunities-Threats (SWOT) analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Agarwal
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Ahmad Majzoub
- Department of Urology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medicine - Qatar, Doha, Qatar
| | - Saradha Baskaran
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Chak Lam Cho
- Department of Surgery, Union Hospital, Hong Kong
- S. H. Ho Urology Centre, Department of Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
| | - Ralf Henkel
- Department of Metabolism, Digestion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Renata Finelli
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Kristian Leisegang
- School of Natural Medicine, Faculty of Community and Health Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, South Africa
| | - Pallav Sengupta
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Jenjarom, Malaysia
| | - Catalina Barbarosie
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Neel Parekh
- Department of Urology, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Marco G Alves
- Department of Microscopy, Laboratory of Cell Biology & Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), Institute of Biomedical Sciences Abel Salazar (ICBAS), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Edmund Ko
- Department of Urology, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA, USA
| | - Mohamed Arafa
- Department of Urology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
- Andrology Department, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Nicholas Tadros
- Division of Urology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA
| | | | - Parviz Kavoussi
- Austin Fertility & Reproductive Medicine/Westlake IVF, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Rafael Ambar
- Urology Department of Centro Universitario em Saude do ABC, Santo André, Brazil
| | | | - Kathy Amy Robert
- American Center for Reproductive Medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Concetta Iovine
- Department of Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Caserta, Italy
| | | | - Sunil Jindal
- Department of Andrology and Reproductive Medicine, Jindal Hospital, Meerut, India
| | - Rupin Shah
- Department of Urology, Lilavati Hospital and Research Centre, Mumbai, India
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7
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Abdelhamid MHM, Walschaerts M, Ahmad G, Mieusset R, Bujan L, Hamdi S. Mild experimental increase in testis and epididymis temperature in men: effects on sperm morphology according to spermatogenesis stages. Transl Androl Urol 2019; 8:651-665. [PMID: 32038961 DOI: 10.21037/tau.2019.11.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background A mild increase in testicular and epididymal temperatures in men, bulls and rams (pendulous scrotum) inhibits spermatogenesis and increases the percentage of sperm with an abnormal morphology. However, the stages of spermatogenesis that are most sensitive to a mild increase in testicular temperature in men are unknown. The aim of the present study was to explore the effects of a mild induced increase in testicular and epididymal temperature (i.e., testicular temperature maintained below the core body temperature) on sperm morphology in humans depending on the physiological time of spermatogenesis and epididymal transit. Methods Five healthy volunteers were enrolled in an experimental study in which testicular and epididymal temperatures were increased by maintaining the testes in a supra-scrotal position with a specially designed underwear worn 15±1 h a day for 120 consecutive days. Semen collection was scheduled on specific days depending on spermatogenic stages and epididymal transit. Results Sperm morphology and the multiple anomalies index (MAI) were analysed before, during and after heating. This mild induced increase in testicular and epididymal temperatures resulted in a significant rise in the percentage of morphologically abnormal spermatozoa on day 34 of heating, which remained elevated throughout the heating period and persisted until 45 days after cessation of heating. The MAI was significantly increased on day 20 throughout the heating period and persisted 45 days after cessation of heating. An increase in the percentage of anomalies in the sperm head, acrosome or tail occurred on days 34 and/or 45 of heating. Abnormal sperm morphology and MAI reverted to control values 73 days after cessation of heating. Conclusions A mild sustained increase in testicular and epididymal temperature in man leads morphological abnormalities in spermatozoa mainly due to an impairment of spermiogenesis and meiosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Hadi Mohamed Abdelhamid
- Groupe de Recherche en Fertilité Humaine (EA 3694, Human Fertility Research Group), UPS, Toulouse III University, Toulouse, France
| | - Marie Walschaerts
- Groupe de Recherche en Fertilité Humaine (EA 3694, Human Fertility Research Group), UPS, Toulouse III University, Toulouse, France.,Germethèque, Groupe d'activité de médecine de la reproduction (Reproductive Medicine Unit), Hôpital Paule de Viguier, CHU Toulouse (University Hospital Centre), Toulouse, France
| | - Gulfam Ahmad
- Department of Pathology, School of Medical Sciences, Sydney Medical School, Sydney University, Sydney, Australia
| | - Roger Mieusset
- Groupe de Recherche en Fertilité Humaine (EA 3694, Human Fertility Research Group), UPS, Toulouse III University, Toulouse, France.,Andrology Unit), Hôpital Paule de Viguier, CHU Toulouse (University Hospital Centre), Toulouse, France
| | - Louis Bujan
- Groupe de Recherche en Fertilité Humaine (EA 3694, Human Fertility Research Group), UPS, Toulouse III University, Toulouse, France.,CECOS, Groupe d'activité de médecine de la reproduction (Reproductive Medicine Unit), Hôpital Paule de Viguier, CHU Toulouse (University Hospital Centre), Toulouse, France
| | - Safouane Hamdi
- Groupe de Recherche en Fertilité Humaine (EA 3694, Human Fertility Research Group), UPS, Toulouse III University, Toulouse, France.,Biochemestry Laboratory, Institut Fédératif de Biologie (Federal Institute of Biology), CHU Toulouse (University Hospital Centre), Toulouse, France
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8
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Abdelhamid MHM, Esquerre-lamare C, Walschaerts M, Ahmad G, Mieusset R, Hamdi S, Bujan L. Experimental mild increase in testicular temperature has drastic, but reversible, effect on sperm aneuploidy in men: A pilot study. Reprod Biol 2019; 19:189-94. [DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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9
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Zavattaro M, Ceruti C, Motta G, Allasia S, Marinelli L, Di Bisceglie C, Tagliabue MP, Sibona M, Rolle L, Lanfranco F. Treating varicocele in 2018: current knowledge and treatment options. J Endocrinol Invest 2018; 41:1365-1375. [PMID: 30284221 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-018-0952-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Varicocele is defined as a state of varicosity and tortuosity of the pampiniform plexus around the testis caused by retrograde blood flow through the internal spermatic vein. The prevalence of clinically relevant varicocele ranges from 5 to 20% in the male population and is often associated with infertility and reduction of sperm quality. In this review, the pathophysiology and clinical aspects of varicocele are reviewed along with therapeutic options and treatment effects on sperm parameters and fertility both in adult and in pediatric/adolescent subjects. METHODS We conducted a Medline and a PubMed search from 1965 to 2018 to identify publications related to varicocele clinical aspects, treatment procedures and treatment outcomes. Keywords used for the search were: "varicocele", "varicocelectomy", "sclerotherapy", "male infertility", "subfertility", and "semen abnormalities". RESULTS Data from a large number of studies in adolescent and adult males indicate that varicocele correction improves semen parameters in the majority of patients, reducing oxidative stress and improving sperm nuclear DNA integrity either with surgical or percutaneous approach. CONCLUSIONS Varicocele repair seems to represent a cost-effective therapeutic option for all males (both adolescent and adults) with a clinical varicocele in the presence of testicular hypotrophy, worsening sperm alterations or infertility. On the other hand, some investigators questioned the role of varicocelectomy in the era of assisted reproduction. Thus, a better understanding of the pathophysiology of varicocele-associated male subfertility is of paramount importance to elucidating the deleterious effects of varicocele on spermatogenesis and possibly formulating new treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Zavattaro
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Corso Dogliotti 14, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - C Ceruti
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - G Motta
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Corso Dogliotti 14, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - S Allasia
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Corso Dogliotti 14, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - L Marinelli
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Corso Dogliotti 14, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - C Di Bisceglie
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Corso Dogliotti 14, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - M P Tagliabue
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Corso Dogliotti 14, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - M Sibona
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - L Rolle
- Division of Urology, Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - F Lanfranco
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Metabolism, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Corso Dogliotti 14, 10126, Turin, Italy.
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10
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Zhang MH, Zhai LP, Fang ZY, Li AN, Xiao W, Qiu Y. Effect of scrotal heating on sperm quality, seminal biochemical substances, and reproductive hormones in human fertile men. J Cell Biochem 2018; 119:10228-10238. [PMID: 30171730 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.27365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
At present, male contraceptive methods are only vasectomy and condoms, so it is necessary to research on male contraceptive techniques. The aim of this study is to observe the effects of scrotal heating (SH) on semen parameters, seminal l-carnitine (LC), epidermal growth factor (EGF), macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), reproductive hormones and sperm chromosome numbers of adult healthy men, and to provide the experimental data for male contraception. The scrotums of 30 healthy male volunteers were exposed to the condition of 40 to 43°C SH belt warming 40 minutes each day for successive 2 days per week. The course of SH was continuous for 3 months. Computer-assisted semen analysis and hypo-osmotic swelling test, sperm DNA integrity, l-carnitine, MIF and EGF, and sperm fluorescence in situ hybridization were performed before, during, and after SH. The serum level of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and testosterone (T) were measured by chemiluminescent immunoassay. The mean parameters of sperm concentration, vitality, and normal morphological sperm were significantly decreased in groups with sperms being collected during 1, 2, and 3 months of SH when compared with those in groups of pre-SH (P < 0.01). Statistically significant differences of sperm DNA fragmentation, normal sperm membrane functionality, levels of LC and MIF in semen, and LH, FSH, and T in serum were observed between the groups of before SH and after SH 3 months and the groups of during SH 1, 2, and 3 months (P < 0.001). The total rate of chromosome number for 13, 18, 21, X, and Y in the 3 months of SH was 13.7-fold greater (13.72%/1.69%) than before SH (P < 0.001). The constant SH can impact the semen quality, sperm DNA integrity, sperm chromosome, LC and MIF, and LH, FSH, and T in serum. Transient SH may be a new method for male contraception.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Hua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health and Family Planning Commission of China, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Family Planning Institute of Science and Technology, Jinan, China
| | - Li-Ping Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health and Family Planning Commission of China, Shandong Provincial Institute of Control of Endemic Disease, Jinan, China
| | - Zhen-Ya Fang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health and Family Planning Commission of China, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Family Planning Institute of Science and Technology, Jinan, China
| | - An-Na Li
- Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health and Family Planning Commission of China, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Family Planning Institute of Science and Technology, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health and Family Planning Commission of China, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yi Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health and Family Planning Commission of China, Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital of Shandong Province, Shandong Provincial Family Planning Institute of Science and Technology, Jinan, China
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