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Goto K, Fujiwara-Tani R, Nukaga S, Miyagawa Y, Kawahara I, Nishida R, Ikemoto A, Sasaki R, Ogata R, Kishi S, Luo Y, Fujii K, Ohmori H, Kuniyasu H. Berberine Improves Cancer-Derived Myocardial Impairment in Experimental Cachexia Models by Targeting High-Mobility Group Box-1. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4735. [PMID: 38731953 PMCID: PMC11084938 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Cardiac disorders in cancer patients pose significant challenges to disease prognosis. While it has been established that these disorders are linked to cancer cells, the precise underlying mechanisms remain elusive. In this study, we investigated the impact of cancerous ascites from the rat colonic carcinoma cell line RCN9 on H9c2 cardiomyoblast cells. We found that the ascites reduced mitochondrial volume, increased oxidative stress, and decreased membrane potential in the cardiomyoblast cells, leading to apoptosis and autophagy. Although the ascites fluid contained a substantial amount of high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1), we observed that neutralizing HMGB1 with a specific antibody mitigated the damage inflicted on myocardial cells. Our mechanistic investigations revealed that HMGB1 activated both nuclear factor κB and phosphoinositide 3-kinases-AKT signals through HMGB1 receptors, namely the receptor for advanced glycation end products and toll-like receptor-4, thereby promoting apoptosis and autophagy. In contrast, treatment with berberine (BBR) induced the expression of miR-181c-5p and miR-340-5p while suppressing HMGB1 expression in RCN9 cells. Furthermore, BBR reduced HMGB1 receptor expression in cardiomyocytes, consequently mitigating HMGB1-induced damage. We validated the myocardial protective effects of BBR in a cachectic rat model. These findings underscore the strong association between HMGB1 and cancer cachexia, highlighting BBR as a promising therapeutic agent for myocardial protection through HMGB1 suppression and modulation of the signaling system.
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Grants
- 22K17655 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- 19K16564 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- 20K21659 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- 23K10481 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- 21K06926 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- 21K11223 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- 22K11423 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- 23K16547 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Goto
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan; (K.G.); (S.N.); (Y.M.); (I.K.); (R.N.); (A.I.); (R.S.); (R.O.); (Y.L.); (K.F.); (H.O.)
| | - Rina Fujiwara-Tani
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan; (K.G.); (S.N.); (Y.M.); (I.K.); (R.N.); (A.I.); (R.S.); (R.O.); (Y.L.); (K.F.); (H.O.)
| | - Shota Nukaga
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan; (K.G.); (S.N.); (Y.M.); (I.K.); (R.N.); (A.I.); (R.S.); (R.O.); (Y.L.); (K.F.); (H.O.)
| | - Yoshihiro Miyagawa
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan; (K.G.); (S.N.); (Y.M.); (I.K.); (R.N.); (A.I.); (R.S.); (R.O.); (Y.L.); (K.F.); (H.O.)
| | - Isao Kawahara
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan; (K.G.); (S.N.); (Y.M.); (I.K.); (R.N.); (A.I.); (R.S.); (R.O.); (Y.L.); (K.F.); (H.O.)
| | - Ryoichi Nishida
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan; (K.G.); (S.N.); (Y.M.); (I.K.); (R.N.); (A.I.); (R.S.); (R.O.); (Y.L.); (K.F.); (H.O.)
| | - Ayaka Ikemoto
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan; (K.G.); (S.N.); (Y.M.); (I.K.); (R.N.); (A.I.); (R.S.); (R.O.); (Y.L.); (K.F.); (H.O.)
| | - Rika Sasaki
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan; (K.G.); (S.N.); (Y.M.); (I.K.); (R.N.); (A.I.); (R.S.); (R.O.); (Y.L.); (K.F.); (H.O.)
| | - Ruiko Ogata
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan; (K.G.); (S.N.); (Y.M.); (I.K.); (R.N.); (A.I.); (R.S.); (R.O.); (Y.L.); (K.F.); (H.O.)
| | - Shingo Kishi
- Pathology Laboratory, Research Institute, Tokushukai Nozaki Hospital, 2-10-50 Tanigawa, Daito 574-0074, Osaka, Japan;
| | - Yi Luo
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan; (K.G.); (S.N.); (Y.M.); (I.K.); (R.N.); (A.I.); (R.S.); (R.O.); (Y.L.); (K.F.); (H.O.)
| | - Kiyomu Fujii
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan; (K.G.); (S.N.); (Y.M.); (I.K.); (R.N.); (A.I.); (R.S.); (R.O.); (Y.L.); (K.F.); (H.O.)
| | - Hitoshi Ohmori
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan; (K.G.); (S.N.); (Y.M.); (I.K.); (R.N.); (A.I.); (R.S.); (R.O.); (Y.L.); (K.F.); (H.O.)
| | - Hiroki Kuniyasu
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, 840 Shijo-cho, Kashihara 634-8521, Nara, Japan; (K.G.); (S.N.); (Y.M.); (I.K.); (R.N.); (A.I.); (R.S.); (R.O.); (Y.L.); (K.F.); (H.O.)
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2
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Ohmori H, Fujiwara-Tani R, Nukaga S, Nishida R, Fujii K, Mori S, Ogata R, Ikemoto A, Sasaki R, Kishi S, Luo Y, Kuniyasu H. Investigation of cancer-induced myocardial damage in autopsy cases-A comparison of cases with and without chemotherapy. Pathol Int 2024; 74:234-238. [PMID: 38328872 DOI: 10.1111/pin.13411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Ohmori
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Rina Fujiwara-Tani
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Shota Nukaga
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Ryoichi Nishida
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Kiyomu Fujii
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Shiori Mori
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Ruiko Ogata
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Ayaka Ikemoto
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Rika Sasaki
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Shingo Kishi
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Yi Luo
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hiroki Kuniyasu
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan
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3
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Tichy L, Parry TL. The pathophysiology of cancer-mediated cardiac cachexia and novel treatment strategies: A narrative review. Cancer Med 2023; 12:17706-17717. [PMID: 37654192 PMCID: PMC10524052 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Two of the leading causes of death worldwide are cancer and cardiovascular diseases. Most cancer patients suffer from a metabolic wasting syndrome known as cancer-induced cardiac cachexia, resulting in death in up to 30% of cancer patients. Main symptoms of this disease are severe cardiac muscle wasting, cardiac remodeling, and cardiac dysfunction. Metabolic alterations, increased inflammation, and imbalance of protein homeostasis contribute to the progression of this multifactorial syndrome, ultimately resulting in heart failure and death. Cancer-induced cardiac cachexia is associated with decreased quality of life, increased fatiguability, and decreased tolerance to therapeutic interventions. RECENT ADVANCES While molecular mechanisms of this disease are not fully understood, researchers have identified different stages of progression of this disease, as well as potential biomarkers to detect and monitor the development. Preclinical and clinical studies have shown positive results when implementing certain pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapy interventions. CRITICAL ISSUES There are still no clear diagnostic criteria for cancer-mediated cardiac cachexia and the condition remains untreated, leaving cancer patients with irreversible effects of this syndrome. While traditional cardiovascular therapy interventions, such as beta-blockers, have shown some positive results in preclinical and clinical research studies, recent preclinical studies have shown more successful results with certain non-traditional treatment options that have not been further evaluated yet. There is still no clinical standard of care or approved FDA drug to aid in the prevention or treatment of cancer-induced cardiac cachexia. This review aims to revisit the still not fully understood pathophysiological mechanisms of cancer-induced cardiac cachexia and explore recent studies using novel treatment strategies. FUTURE DIRECTIONS While research has progressed, further investigations might provide novel diagnostic techniques, potential biomarkers to monitor the progression of the disease, as well as viable pharmacological and non-pharmacological treatment options to increase quality of life and reduce cancer-induced cardiac cachexia-related mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louisa Tichy
- Department of KinesiologyUniversity of North Carolina GreensboroGreensboroNorth CarolinaUSA
| | - Traci L. Parry
- Department of KinesiologyUniversity of North Carolina GreensboroGreensboroNorth CarolinaUSA
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Takagi T, Fujiwara-Tani R, Mori S, Kishi S, Nishiguchi Y, Sasaki T, Ogata R, Ikemoto A, Sasaki R, Ohmori H, Luo Y, Bhawal UK, Sho M, Kuniyasu H. Lauric Acid Overcomes Hypoxia-Induced Gemcitabine Chemoresistance in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24087506. [PMID: 37108667 PMCID: PMC10139117 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24087506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Although gemcitabine (GEM) is widely used in chemotherapy for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA), drug resistance restricts its clinical effectiveness. To examine the mechanism of GEM resistance, we established two GEM-resistant cell lines from human PDA cells by continuous treatment with GEM and CoCl2-induced chemical hypoxia. One resistant cell line possessed reduced energy production and decreased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species levels, while the other resistant cell line possessed increased stemness. In both cell lines, ethidium bromide-stained mitochondrial DNA levels decreased, suggesting mitochondrial DNA damage. Inhibition of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α in both cell lines did not restore the GEM sensitivity. In contrast, treatment of both cell types with lauric acid (LAA), a medium-chain fatty acid, restored GEM sensitivity. These results suggest that decreased energy production, decreased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species levels, and increased stemness associated with mitochondrial damage caused by GEM lead to GEM resistance, and that hypoxia may promote this process. Furthermore, forced activation of oxidative phosphorylation by LAA could be a tool to overcome GEM resistance. Clinical verification of the effectiveness of LAA in GEM resistance is necessary in the future.
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Grants
- 19K16564 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- 20K21659 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- 20K18007 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- 21K10143 Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadataka Takagi
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
- Department of Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Rina Fujiwara-Tani
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Shiori Mori
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Shingo Kishi
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Yukiko Nishiguchi
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Takamitsu Sasaki
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Ruiko Ogata
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Ayaka Ikemoto
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Rika Sasaki
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ohmori
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
| | - Yi Luo
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Ujjal Kumar Bhawal
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo, Matsudo 271-8587, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Masayuki Sho
- Department of Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8522, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kuniyasu
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara 634-8521, Japan
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5
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Wiggs MP, Beaudry AG, Law ML. Cardiac Remodeling in Cancer-Induced Cachexia: Functional, Structural, and Metabolic Contributors. Cells 2022; 11:cells11121931. [PMID: 35741060 PMCID: PMC9221803 DOI: 10.3390/cells11121931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cachexia is a syndrome of progressive weight loss and muscle wasting occurring in many advanced cancer patients. Cachexia significantly impairs quality of life and increases mortality. Cardiac atrophy and dysfunction have been observed in patients with cachexia, which may contribute to cachexia pathophysiology. However, relative to skeletal muscle, little research has been carried out to understand the mechanisms of cardiomyopathy in cachexia. Here, we review what is known clinically about the cardiac changes occurring in cachexia, followed by further discussion of underlying physiological and molecular mechanisms contributing to cachexia-induced cardiomyopathy. Impaired cardiac contractility and relaxation may be explained by a complex interplay of significant heart muscle atrophy and metabolic remodeling, including mitochondrial dysfunction. Because cardiac muscle has fundamental differences compared to skeletal muscle, understanding cardiac-specific effects of cachexia may bring light to unique therapeutic targets and ultimately improve clinical management for patients with cancer cachexia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P. Wiggs
- Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, Robbins College of Health and Human Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA; (M.P.W.); (A.G.B.)
| | - Anna G. Beaudry
- Department of Health, Human Performance, and Recreation, Robbins College of Health and Human Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA; (M.P.W.); (A.G.B.)
| | - Michelle L. Law
- Department of Human Sciences and Design, Robbins College of Health and Human Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76706, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(254)-710-6003
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6
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Hegde M, Daimary UD, Girisa S, Kumar A, Kunnumakkara AB. Tumor cell anabolism and host tissue catabolism-energetic inefficiency during cancer cachexia. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2022; 247:713-733. [PMID: 35521962 DOI: 10.1177/15353702221087962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated cachexia (CC) is a pathological condition characterized by sarcopenia, adipose tissue depletion, and progressive weight loss. CC is driven by multiple factors such as anorexia, excessive catabolism, elevated energy expenditure by growing tumor mass, and inflammatory mediators released by cancer cells and surrounding tissues. In addition, endocrine system, systemic metabolism, and central nervous system (CNS) perturbations in combination with cachexia mediators elicit exponential elevation in catabolism and reduced anabolism in skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and cardiac muscle. At the molecular level, mechanisms of CC include inflammation, reduced protein synthesis, and lipogenesis, elevated proteolysis and lipolysis along with aggravated toxicity and complications of chemotherapy. Furthermore, CC is remarkably associated with intolerance to anti-neoplastic therapy, poor prognosis, and increased mortality with no established standard therapy. In this context, we discuss the spatio-temporal changes occurring in the various stages of CC and highlight the imbalance of host metabolism. We provide how multiple factors such as proteasomal pathways, inflammatory mediators, lipid and protein catabolism, glucocorticoids, and in-depth mechanisms of interplay between inflammatory molecules and CNS can trigger and amplify the cachectic processes. Finally, we highlight current diagnostic approaches and promising therapeutic interventions for CC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mangala Hegde
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India.,DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research, Indian Institute of Technology-Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Uzini Devi Daimary
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India.,DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research, Indian Institute of Technology-Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Sosmitha Girisa
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India.,DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research, Indian Institute of Technology-Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Aviral Kumar
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India.,DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research, Indian Institute of Technology-Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
| | - Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India.,DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research, Indian Institute of Technology-Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India
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Owari T, Tanaka N, Nakai Y, Miyake M, Anai S, Kishi S, Mori S, Fujiwara-Tani R, Hojo Y, Mori T, Kuwada M, Fujii T, Hasegawa M, Fujimoto K, Kuniyasu H. 5-Aminolevulinic acid overcomes hypoxia-induced radiation resistance by enhancing mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production in prostate cancer cells. Br J Cancer 2022. [PMID: 35365766 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-022-01789-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The naturally occurring amino acid 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) is a precursor of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) biosynthesised in the mitochondria. When accumulated PpIX is excited by light (wavelength of 625–635 nm), reactive oxygen species (ROS) are generated. Here, we investigated whether 5-ALA may increase the sensitisation of prostate cancer (PCA) cells to radiotherapy through the generation of ROS via its metabolite, PpIX. Methods Effect of 5-ALA on PC-3 and DU-145 PCA cell lines treated with ionising radiation (IR) was examined in vitro and in vivo with assessment by clonogenic assay, mitochondrial function and ROS production under normoxia or hypoxia condition. Results 5-ALA enhanced intra-mitochondrial ROS production immediately after exposure to IR and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential via increase of intra-cellular PpIX. IR with 5-ALA induced mitochondrial dysfunction and increased ATP production, switching energy metabolism to the quiescence. Under hypoxic condition, ROS burst and mitochondrial dysfunction were induced by IR with 5-ALA resulting reducing cancer stemness and radiation resistance. Conclusion These results suggest that combined therapy with 5-ALA and radiation therapy is a novel strategy to improve the anti-cancer effects of radiation therapy for PCA.
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Vudatha V, Devarakonda T, Liu C, Freudenberger DC, Riner AN, Herremans KM, Trevino JG. Review of Mechanisms and Treatment of Cancer-Induced Cardiac Cachexia. Cells 2022; 11:1040. [PMID: 35326491 PMCID: PMC8947347 DOI: 10.3390/cells11061040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer cachexia is a multifactorial, paraneoplastic syndrome that impacts roughly half of all cancer patients. It can negatively impact patient quality of life and prognosis by causing physical impairment, reducing chemotherapy tolerance, and precluding them as surgical candidates. While there is substantial research on cancer-induced skeletal muscle cachexia, there are comparatively fewer studies and therapies regarding cardiac cachexia in the setting of malignancy. A literature review was performed using the PubMed database to identify original articles pertaining to cancer-induced cardiac cachexia, including its mechanisms and potential therapeutic modalities. Seventy studies were identified by two independent reviewers based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. While there are multiple studies addressing the pathophysiology of cardiac-induced cancer cachexia, there are no studies evaluating therapeutic options in the clinical setting. Many treatment modalities including nutrition, heart failure medication, cancer drugs, exercise, and gene therapy have been explored in in vitro and mice models with varying degrees of success. While these may be beneficial in cancer patients, further prospective studies specifically focusing on the assessment and treatment of the cardiac component of cachexia are needed.
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9
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Tsujioka T, Sasaki D, Takeda A, Harashima H, Yamada Y. Resveratrol-Encapsulated Mitochondria-Targeting Liposome Enhances Mitochondrial Respiratory Capacity in Myocardial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 23:112. [PMID: 35008537 PMCID: PMC8745115 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23010112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of drug delivery systems for use in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases is an area of great interest. We report herein on an evaluation of the therapeutic potential of a myocardial mitochondria-targeting liposome, a multifunctional envelope-type nano device for targeting pancreatic β cells (β-MEND) that was previously developed in our laboratory. Resveratrol (RES), a natural polyphenol compound that has a cardioprotective effect, was encapsulated in the β-MEND (β-MEND (RES)), and its efficacy was evaluated using rat myocardioblasts (H9c2 cells). The β-MEND (RES) was readily taken up by H9c2 cells, as verified by fluorescence-activated cell sorter data, and was observed to be colocalized with intracellular mitochondria by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Myocardial mitochondrial function was evaluated by a Seahorse XF Analyzer and the results showed that the β-MEND (RES) significantly activated cellular maximal respiratory capacity. In addition, the β-MEND (RES) showed no cellular toxicity for H9c2 cells as evidenced by Premix WST-1 assays. This is the first report of the use of a myocardial mitochondria-targeting liposome encapsulating RES for activating mitochondrial function, which was clearly confirmed based on analyses using a Seahorse XF Analyzer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takao Tsujioka
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan; (T.T.); (D.S.); (A.T.)
| | - Daisuke Sasaki
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan; (T.T.); (D.S.); (A.T.)
| | - Atsuhito Takeda
- Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita-15, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8638, Japan; (T.T.); (D.S.); (A.T.)
| | - Hideyoshi Harashima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-6, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan;
| | - Yuma Yamada
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12, Nishi-6, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan;
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10
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Guo W, Liu S, Zheng X, Xiao Z, Chen H, Sun L, Zhang C, Wang Z, Lin L. Network Pharmacology/Metabolomics-Based Validation of AMPK and PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway as a Central Role of Shengqi Fuzheng Injection Regulation of Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Cancer-Related Fatigue. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2021; 2021:5556212. [PMID: 34326918 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5556212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Chinese herbal medicines have multiple targets and properties, and their use in multidisciplinary cancer therapies has consequently received increasing attention. Here, we have investigated the possible active ingredients associated with cancer-related fatigue (CRF) in the Shengqi Fuzheng Injection (SFI). In vitro cell models were used to measure the regulation effects of SFI on CRF. Metabolomic analysis was used to identify the potential genes and pathways in C2C12 mouse myoblasts treated with SFI, and the interaction of compounds and CRF targets was predicted using network pharmacology and molecular docking analyses. The putative pathways were further verified using immuno-blotting assays. The results showed that SFI significantly inhibited muscle cell apoptosis and increased the mitochondrial membrane potential of muscle cells. The network pharmacology analysis results identified 36 candidate compounds, and 244 potential targets were yielded by SFI, and they shared 10 key targets associated with cancer-related fatigue. According to the enrichment analysis and experimental validation, SFI might ameliorate muscle cell mitochondrial function by activating AMPK and inhibiting the PI3K/Akt signaling pathways, and the expression changes of mitochondrial metabolic enzymes MnSOD and apoptosis-associated proteins Bax and Bcl-2 were also triggered. The functions and mechanisms of SFI in anticancer-related fatigue were found here to be at least partly due to the targeting of the AMPK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways, and this has highlighted new potential applications for network pharmacology when researching Chinese Medicines.
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Mori S, Kishi S, Honoki K, Fujiwara-Tani R, Moriguchi T, Sasaki T, Fujii K, Tsukamoto S, Fujii H, Kido A, Tanaka Y, Luo Y, Kuniyasu H. Anti-Stem Cell Property of Pterostilbene in Gastrointestinal Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E9347. [PMID: 33302440 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21249347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pterostilbene (PTE) is a natural sterbenoid contained in blueberries that has an antioxidant effect. In contrast, PTE also generates oxidative stress in cancer cells and provides an antitumor effect. Here, we examined the potential mechanism of this contrasting effect of PTE using three gastrointestinal cancer cell lines, namely CT26, HT29, and MKN74. PTE showed a dose-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation, sphere-forming ability, and stem cell marker expression in all three cell lines. Furthermore, the cells treated with PTE showed an increase in mitochondrial membrane potential and an increase in mitochondrial oxidative stress and lipid peroxide. Upon concurrent treatment with vitamin E, N-acetyl-L-cysteine, and PTE, the PTE-induced mitochondrial oxidative stress and growth inhibition were suppressed. These findings indicate that PTE induces oxidative stress in cancer cells, suppresses stemness, and inhibits proliferation. These antitumor effects of PTE are considered to be useful in cancer treatment.
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Nukaga S, Mori T, Miyagawa Y, Fujiwara-Tani R, Sasaki T, Fujii K, Mori S, Goto K, Kishi S, Nakashima C, Ohmori H, Kawahara I, Luo Y, Kuniyasu H. Combined administration of lauric acid and glucose improved cancer-derived cardiac atrophy in a mouse cachexia model. Cancer Sci 2020; 111:4605-4615. [PMID: 32969559 PMCID: PMC7734008 DOI: 10.1111/cas.14656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 09/07/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer‐derived myocardial damage is an important cause of death in cancer patients. However, the development of dietary interventions for treating such damage has not been advanced. Here, we investigated the effect of dietary intervention with lauric acid (LAA) and glucose, which was effective against skeletal muscle sarcopenia in a mouse cachexia model, on myocardial damage. Treatment of H9c2 rat cardiomyoblasts with lauric acid promoted mitochondrial respiration and increased ATP production by Seahorse flux analysis, but did not increase oxidative stress. Glycolysis was also promoted by LAA. In contrast, mitochondrial respiration and ATP production were suppressed, and oxidative stress was increased in an in vitro cachexia model in which cardiomyoblasts were treated with mouse cachexia ascites. Ascites‐treated H9c2 cells with concurrent treatment with LAA and high glucose showed that mitochondrial respiration and glycolysis were promoted more than that of the control, and ATP was restored to the level of the control. Oxidative stress was also reduced by the combined treatment. In the mouse cachexia model, myocardiac atrophy and decreased levels of a marker of muscle maturity, SDS‐soluble MYL1, were observed. When LAA in CE‐2 diet was orally administered alone, no significant rescue was observed in the cancer‐derived myocardial disorder. In contrast, combined oral administration of LAA and glucose recovered myocardial atrophy and MYL1 to levels observed in the control without increase in the cancer weight. Therefore, it is suggested that dietary intervention using a combination of LAA and glucose for cancer cachexia might improve cancer‐derived myocardial damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shota Nukaga
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan.,Division of Rehabilitation, Hanna Central Hospital, Ikoma, Japan
| | - Takuya Mori
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Miyagawa
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Rina Fujiwara-Tani
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Takamitsu Sasaki
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Kiyomu Fujii
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Shiori Mori
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Kei Goto
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan.,Division of Rehabilitation, Hoshida Minami Hospital, Katano, Japan
| | - Shingo Kishi
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Chie Nakashima
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Ohmori
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
| | - Isao Kawahara
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan.,Division of Rehabilitation, Hanna Central Hospital, Ikoma, Japan
| | - Yi Luo
- Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration of Jiangsu and Ministry of Education, Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Hiroki Kuniyasu
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Japan
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