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Baur K, Carrillo-García C, Şan Ş, von Hahn M, Strelau J, Hölzl-Wenig G, Mandl C, Ciccolini F. Growth/differentiation factor 15 controls ependymal and stem cell number in the V-SVZ. Stem Cell Reports 2024; 19:351-365. [PMID: 38366596 PMCID: PMC10937156 DOI: 10.1016/j.stemcr.2024.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The expression of growth/differentiation factor (GDF) 15 increases in the ganglionic eminence (GE) late in neural development, especially in neural stem cells (NSCs). However, GDF15 function in this region remains unknown. We report that GDF15 receptor is expressed apically in the GE and that GDF15 ablation promotes proliferation and cell division in the embryonic GE and in the adult ventricular-subventricular zone (V-SVZ). This causes a transient generation of additional neuronal progenitors, compensated by cell death, and a lasting increase in the number of ependymal cells and apical NSCs. Finally, both GDF15 receptor and the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) were expressed in progenitors and mutation of GDF15 affected EGFR signaling. However, only exposure to exogenous GDF15, but not to EGF, normalized proliferation and the number of apical progenitors. Thus, GDF15 regulates proliferation of apical progenitors in the GE, thereby affecting the number of ependymal cells and NSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Baur
- Department of Neurobiology, Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences (IZN), University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Carmen Carrillo-García
- Department of Neurobiology, Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences (IZN), University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Şeydanur Şan
- Department of Neurobiology, Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences (IZN), University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany; Sorbonne University, 21 Rue de l'École de Médecine, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Manja von Hahn
- Department of Neurobiology, Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences (IZN), University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jens Strelau
- University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 307, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gabriele Hölzl-Wenig
- Department of Neurobiology, Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences (IZN), University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Claudia Mandl
- Department of Neurobiology, Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences (IZN), University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Francesca Ciccolini
- Department of Neurobiology, Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences (IZN), University of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
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2
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Saviuk M, Sleptsova E, Redkin T, Turubanova V. Unexplained Causes of Glioma-Associated Epilepsies: A Review of Theories and an Area for Research. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5539. [PMID: 38067243 PMCID: PMC10705208 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15235539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Approximately 30% of glioma patients are able to survive beyond one year postdiagnosis. And this short time is often overshadowed by glioma-associated epilepsy. This condition severely impairs the patient's quality of life and causes great suffering. The genetic, molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying tumour development and epileptogenesis remain incompletely understood, leading to numerous unanswered questions. The various types of gliomas, namely glioblastoma, astrocytoma and oligodendroglioma, demonstrate distinct seizure susceptibility and disease progression patterns. Patterns have been identified in the presence of IDH mutations and epilepsy, with tumour location in cortical regions, particularly the frontal lobe, showing a more frequent association with seizures. Altered expression of TP53, MGMT and VIM is frequently detected in tumour cells from individuals with epilepsy associated with glioma. However, understanding the pathogenesis of these modifications poses a challenge. Moreover, hypoxic effects induced by glioma and associated with the HIF-1a factor may have a significant impact on epileptogenesis, potentially resulting in epileptiform activity within neuronal networks. We additionally hypothesise about how the tumour may affect the functioning of neuronal ion channels and contribute to disruptions in the blood-brain barrier resulting in spontaneous depolarisations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariia Saviuk
- Institute of Neurosciences, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 23 Gagarin Ave., 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (M.S.); (E.S.); (T.R.)
- Cell Death Investigation and Therapy Laboratory, Anatomy and Embryology Unit, Department of Human Structure and Repair, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, C. Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ekaterina Sleptsova
- Institute of Neurosciences, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 23 Gagarin Ave., 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (M.S.); (E.S.); (T.R.)
| | - Tikhon Redkin
- Institute of Neurosciences, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 23 Gagarin Ave., 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (M.S.); (E.S.); (T.R.)
| | - Victoria Turubanova
- Institute of Neurosciences, National Research Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 23 Gagarin Ave., 603022 Nizhny Novgorod, Russia; (M.S.); (E.S.); (T.R.)
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3
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Zhang X, Xiao G, Johnson C, Cai Y, Horowitz ZK, Mennicke C, Coffey R, Haider M, Threadgill D, Eliscu R, Oldham MC, Greenbaum A, Ghashghaei HT. Bulk and mosaic deletions of Egfr reveal regionally defined gliogenesis in the developing mouse forebrain. iScience 2023; 26:106242. [PMID: 36915679 PMCID: PMC10006693 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.106242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) plays a role in cell proliferation and differentiation during healthy development and tumor growth; however, its requirement for brain development remains unclear. Here we used a conditional mouse allele for Egfr to examine its contributions to perinatal forebrain development at the tissue level. Subtractive bulk ventral and dorsal forebrain deletions of Egfr uncovered significant and permanent decreases in oligodendrogenesis and myelination in the cortex and corpus callosum. Additionally, an increase in astrogenesis or reactive astrocytes in effected regions was evident in response to cortical scarring. Sparse deletion using mosaic analysis with double markers (MADM) surprisingly revealed a regional requirement for EGFR in rostrodorsal, but not ventrocaudal glial lineages including both astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. The EGFR-independent ventral glial progenitors may compensate for the missing EGFR-dependent dorsal glia in the bulk Egfr-deleted forebrain, potentially exposing a regenerative population of gliogenic progenitors in the mouse forebrain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuying Zhang
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Guanxi Xiao
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Caroline Johnson
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Yuheng Cai
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Zachary K. Horowitz
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Christine Mennicke
- Department of Mathematics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Robert Coffey
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Mansoor Haider
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - David Threadgill
- Institute for Genome Sciences and Society, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Rebecca Eliscu
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Michael C. Oldham
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Alon Greenbaum
- Joint Department of Biomedical Engineering, North Carolina State University and University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - H. Troy Ghashghaei
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
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4
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Varga BV, Faiz M, Pivonkova H, Khelifi G, Yang H, Gao S, Linderoth E, Zhen M, Karadottir RT, Hussein SM, Nagy A. Signal requirement for cortical potential of transplantable human neuroepithelial stem cells. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2844. [PMID: 35606347 PMCID: PMC9126949 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29839-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The cerebral cortex develops from dorsal forebrain neuroepithelial progenitor cells. Following the initial expansion of the progenitor cell pool, these cells generate neurons of all the cortical layers and then astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. Yet, the regulatory pathways that control the expansion and maintenance of the progenitor cell pool are currently unknown. Here we define six basic pathway components that regulate proliferation of cortically specified human neuroepithelial stem cells (cNESCs) in vitro without the loss of cerebral cortex developmental potential. We show that activation of FGF and inhibition of BMP and ACTIVIN A signalling are required for long-term cNESC proliferation. We also demonstrate that cNESCs preserve dorsal telencephalon-specific potential when GSK3, AKT and nuclear CATENIN-β1 activity are low. Remarkably, regulation of these six pathway components supports the clonal expansion of cNESCs. Moreover, cNESCs differentiate into lower- and upper-layer cortical neurons in vitro and in vivo. The identification of mechanisms that drive the neuroepithelial stem cell self-renewal and differentiation and preserve this potential in vitro is key to developing regenerative and cell-based therapeutic approaches to treat neurological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balazs V Varga
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Wellcome - MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Maryam Faiz
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Department of Surgery, Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Helena Pivonkova
- Wellcome - MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge, UK
| | - Gabriel Khelifi
- Cancer Research Center, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada.,CHU of Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Oncology Division, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Huijuan Yang
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Shangbang Gao
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Emma Linderoth
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Mei Zhen
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Ragnhildur Thora Karadottir
- Wellcome - MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge, UK.,Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Samer M Hussein
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.,Cancer Research Center, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada.,CHU of Québec-Université Laval Research Center, Oncology Division, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Andras Nagy
- Lunenfeld-Tanenbaum Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, and Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. .,Australian Regenerative Medicine Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
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5
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Zheng K, Huang H, Yang J, Qiu M. Origin, molecular specification and stemness of astrocytes. Dev Neurobiol 2022; 82:149-159. [DOI: 10.1002/dneu.22863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kang Zheng
- Institute of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, College of Life Sciences Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 311121 China
| | - Hao Huang
- Institute of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, College of Life Sciences Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 311121 China
| | - Junlin Yang
- Institute of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, College of Life Sciences Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 311121 China
| | - Mengsheng Qiu
- Institute of Developmental and Regenerative Biology, College of Life Sciences Hangzhou Normal University Hangzhou 311121 China
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6
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Huang R, Wang S, Zhu R, Xian S, Huang Z, Cheng L, Zhang J. Identification of Key eRNAs for Spinal Cord Injury by Integrated Multinomial Bioinformatics Analysis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:728242. [PMID: 34708039 PMCID: PMC8542800 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.728242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe neurological deficit affecting both young and older people worldwide. The potential role of key enhancer RNAs (eRNAs) in SCI remains elusive, which is a prominent challenge in the trauma repair process. This study aims to investigate the roles of key eRNAs, transcription factors (TFs), signaling pathways, and small-molecule inhibitors in SCI using multi-omics bioinformatics analysis. Methods: Microarray data of peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) samples from 27 healthy volunteers and 25 chronic-phase SCI patients were retrieved from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Differentially expressed transcription factors (DETFs), differentially expressed enhancer RNAs (DEeRNAs), and differentially expressed target genes (DETGs) were identified using the Linear Models for Microarray Data (limma) package. Fraction of immune cells was estimated using CIBERSORT algorithm. Gene Set Variation Analysis (GSVA) was applied to identify the downstream signaling pathways. The eRNA regulatory network was constructed based on the correlation results. Connectivity Map (CMap) database was used to find potential drugs for SCI patients. The cellular communication analysis was performed to explore the molecular regulation mechanism of SCI based on single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data. Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) and Assay for Transposase-Accessible Chromatin using sequencing (ATAC-seq) data were used to validate the key regulatory mechanisms. scRNA-seq dataset was used to validate the cell subtype localization of the key eRNAs. Results: In total, 21 DETFs, 24 DEeRNAs, and 829 DETGs were identified. A regulatory network of 13 DETFs, six DEeRNAs, seven DETGs, two hallmark pathways, two immune cells, and six immune pathways was constructed. The link of Splicing factor proline and glutamine rich (SFPQ) (TF) and vesicular overexpressed in cancer prosurvival protein 1 (VOPP1) (eRNA) (R = 0.990, p < 0.001, positive), VOPP1 (eRNA) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) (target gene) (R = 0.974, p < 0.001, positive), VOPP1, and T helper (Th) cells (R = -0.987, p < 0.001, negative), and VOPP1 and hallmark coagulation (R = 0.937, p < 0.001, positive) was selected. Trichostatin A was considered the best compound target to SCI-related eRNAs (specificity = 0.471, p < 0.001). Conclusion: VOPP1, upregulated by SFPQ, strengthened the transient expression of EGFR. Th cells and coagulation were the potential downstream pathways of VOPP1. This regulatory network and potential inhibitors provide novel diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for SCI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runzhi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration (Tongji University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.,Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Siqiao Wang
- Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Rui Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration (Tongji University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.,Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuyuan Xian
- Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zongqiang Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Liming Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration (Tongji University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.,Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration (Tongji University), Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China.,Division of Spine Surgery, Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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7
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Breuer M. The FEBS Journal: hidden gems. FEBS J 2021; 288:4165-4167. [PMID: 33788396 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Every quarter, The FEBS Journal presents some of its 'hidden gems' - original research and review-type articles that provide a significant advance or discuss recent developments in the molecular or cellular life sciences. These articles are of high value to the scientific community, and we like to take the opportunity to promote these contributions from previous issues of the journal, as we feel their scientific content merits a boost in exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Breuer
- The FEBS Journal Editorial Office Suite B1, Cambridge, UK
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8
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Li Y, Song K, Zhang H, Yuan M, An N, Wei Y, Wang L, Sun Y, Xing Y, Gao Y. Anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of baicalin in cerebrovascular and neurological disorders. Brain Res Bull 2020; 164:314-24. [PMID: 32858128 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2020.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory responses play an extraordinary role in the pathogenesis of cerebrovascular and neurological disorders. Baicalin is one of the important flavonoids, which is extracted from Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi. Recently, numerous in vivo and in vitro studies have shown that baicalin has salutary effects for anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory and has been demonstrated to exert beneficial therapeutic properties in cerebrovascular and neurological diseases. In this review, we aim to discuss that baicalin exerts anti-inflammatory effects through multiple pathways and targets, thus affecting the production of a variety of inflammatory cytokines and neuroprotective process of neurological diseases; furthermore, the related targets of the anti-inflammatory effects of baicalin were analyzed via using the tools of network pharmacology, to provide theoretical basis and innovative ideas for the future clinical application of baicalin.
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Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is the first discovered member of the receptor tyrosine kinase superfamily and plays a fundamental role during embryogenesis and in adult tissues, being involved in growth, differentiation, maintenance and repair of various tissues and organs. The role of EGFR in the regulation of tissue development and homeostasis has been thoroughly investigated and it has also been demonstrated that EGFR is a driver of tumorigenesis. In the nervous system, other growth factors, and thus other receptors, are important for growth, differentiation and repair of the tissue, namely neurotrophins and neurotrophins receptors. For this reason, for a long time, the role of EGFR in the nervous system has been underestimated and poorly investigated. However, EGFR is expressed both in the central and peripheral nervous systems and it has been demonstrated to have specific important neurotrophic functions, in particular in the central nervous system. This review discusses the role of EGFR in regulating differentiation and functions of neurons and neuroglia. Furthermore, its involvement in regeneration after injury and in the onset of neurodegenerative diseases is examined.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Cecilia Bucci
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences and Technologies (DiSTeBA), University of Salento, 73100 Lecce, Italy;
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