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Chen M, Pradhan B, Meng Y, Tsauo C, Zhou X, Huang D, Ma J, Gao Y. Micro-computed tomography analysis of calcium hydroxide delivery efficacy in C-shaped canal system of mandibular second molars. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:59. [PMID: 38195500 PMCID: PMC10775433 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03450-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2] is widely accepted as a biocompatible interappointment intracanal medicament. This study aimed to analyze the efficacy of Ca(OH)2 placement into the C-shaped canal system of mandibular second molars using the syringe method with and without lentulo spiral utilizing micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). METHODS Twenty-four extracted mandibular second molars were instrumented and classified into C-shaped floors (n = 12) and non-C-shaped floors (n = 12). Both groups were placed with Ca(OH)2 using the syringe system, then all teeth were scanned and cleaned, and placed with Ca(OH)2 again but with the syringe system followed by lentulo spiral and rescanned. The specimens were scanned using micro-CT to analyze the volume, volume percentage, uncontacted surface area, and uncontacted surface area percentage of Ca(OH)2 with the two delivery methods in the entire canal and at the apical 4 mm of the canal. Mann-Whitney test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used to determine the statistical differences among the groups. RESULTS Syringe administration used in conjunction with lentulo spiral presented lower uncontacted surface area, a lower percentage of uncontacted surface area, larger volume, and a higher percentage of volume than syringe without lentulo spiral (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the C-shaped floor group and the non-C-shaped floor group (P > 0.05) in the Ca(OH)2 uncontacted surface area, volume, and percentages at different regions of canals and among different delivery techniques groups. CONCLUSIONS The lentulo spiral and syringe technique combination can increase the volume and contacted surface area of Ca(OH)2 in the C-shaped canal system of mandibular second molars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, 14# 3rd Section, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, China
| | - Babita Pradhan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, 14# 3rd Section, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, China
| | - Yajun Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, 14# 3rd Section, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, China
| | - Chialing Tsauo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, 14# 3rd Section, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, China
| | - Xuedong Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, 14# 3rd Section, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, China
| | - Dingming Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, 14# 3rd Section, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, China
| | - Jingzhi Ma
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, Hubei Province, 430030, China.
- School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China.
| | - Yuan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Sichuan University, 14# 3rd Section, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, 610041, China.
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Radeva EN, Mironova JV, Marinova-Takorova MB. Efficacy of Three Irrigation Methods in Removing Calcium Hydroxide from Curved Root Canals: An In Vitro Micro-CT Study. J Int Soc Prev Community Dent 2023; 13:342-348. [PMID: 37876582 PMCID: PMC10593373 DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.jispcd_80_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims and Objectives This in vitro study aimed to compare the efficacy of three different irrigation methods in removing calcium hydroxide from curved root canals and to estimate the amount of residual medicament using microcomputed tomography. Materials and Methods Thirty extracted molars with curved mesial root canals, ranging from 25° to 30°, were prepared with ProTaper Next using X2 to full working length and were filled with calcium hydroxide. Teeth also were randomly divided into four groups: group 1 (n = 8)- Erbium: Yttrium-Aluminum-Garnet (Er:YAG) laser; group 2 (n = 8)-EndoActivator; group 3 (n = 8)-EndoVac; and a control group (n = 6)-negative control with no calcium hydroxide. Microcomputed tomography was used to evaluate the residual amount of filling material. Statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Statistics 26, with a significance level of 0.05. Descriptive statistics, student t test, and Chi-square test were applied for data analysis. Results The greatest amount of residual calcium hydroxide was observed in the samples with EndoVac irrigation (0.515 mm3), followed by EndoActivator (0.381 mm3) and Er:YAG laser (0.121 mm3). However, no statistically significant difference was observed between the groups. The greatest residual amount was observed in the apical third (0.419 mm3), followed by the middle (0.050 mm3) and the coronal (0.015 mm3). Conclusions No statistically significant differences were observed in the efficacy of the tested techniques for removing calcium hydroxide from curved root canals, whereas a significant difference was observed in the distribution of residual material depending on the technique used. The removal of the calcium hydroxide was more effective in the coronal and middle third of the canal. The greatest residual material was found in the apical portion of the root canal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elka N Radeva
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University-Sofia, Bulgaria, Bulgaria
| | - Jasmina V Mironova
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University-Sofia, Bulgaria, Bulgaria
| | - Mirela B Marinova-Takorova
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University-Sofia, Bulgaria, Bulgaria
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Babu BS, Shetty N, C N, Faizal N, Vaidya M, John NK. Assessing the Contact Angle Between Dentin Treated With Irrigation and Calcium Hydroxide and Root Canal Sealers. Cureus 2022; 14:e29474. [PMID: 36299924 PMCID: PMC9588153 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.29474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The long-term use of calcium hydroxide, or Ca(OH)2, on dentin has been established in the literature. However, scarce data is available on dentin wettability with Ca(OH)2. Aim The present study was conducted to assess the outcomes of Ca(OH)2 use on the wettability of dentin following two and four weeks of using sealers of bioceramic (BC) and Tubli-Seal™ in the root canal. Methods In this study, 168 specimens were divided into 12 groups of 14 specimens each and were numbered from G1 to G12. G1-G6 groups were tested with Tubli-Seal. Sterile water irrigation was reserved for G1 for two weeks (14 days) followed by two minutes treatment with 6% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) chemical irrigation and 17% EDTA (10 ml). G2 and G3 were subjected to Ca(OH)2 (0.1 ml of UltraCal) for two weeks followed by 10ml sterile water irrigation for two minutes with chemical irrigation. G4 to G6 were given similar treatment for four weeks. G7-G12 were assessed for BC sealer similarly to G1-G6. Two and four weeks of incubation with sterile water or Ca(OH)2 was done in 100% humidity at 37°C. SEM and EDX were done to evaluate the surface morphology of G1 and G6, and results were formed. Results Significantly smaller contact angles were seen for Tubli-Seal (G1 to G6) compared to BC (G7 to G12) with p<0.05. Application of water irrigants and Ca(OH)2 (in G2, G5, and G11) showed a smaller (p<0.05, statistically significant) contact angle compared to the use of chemical irrigation agents and Ca(OH)2 (in G3, G6, and G12) except for G8 and G9. Based on EDX and SEM, compared to the use of chemical irrigation with Ca(OH)2, higher remnants of Ca(OH)2 were seen in the water irrigation, whereas, no remnant was seen with chemical irrigants. Conclusion Better dentin wettability is seen with Tubli-seal compared to BC sealer. A smaller contact angle between root canal sealers and dentin is seen in the remaining calcium hydroxide samples. Also, calcium hydroxide can be removed from the polished dentin surface with two minutes of irrigation with 17% EDTA and 6% NaOCl.
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Kanmaz F, Altunbaş D. Evaluation of the effect of calcium hydroxide paste on sealer penetration into dentinal tubules by confocal laser scanning microscopy. AUST ENDOD J 2021; 48:82-90. [PMID: 34775668 DOI: 10.1111/aej.12588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 09/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The study evaluated sealer penetration after calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2 ) removal from the root canals. Sixty single-rooted mandibular premolars were divided into six groups. Ca(OH)2 paste placed into the root canals except for the control group (CG) was removed using the following irrigation techniques: conventional needle irrigation (CNI), EndoActivator (EA), EndoVac (EV), passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) and photon-induced photoacoustic streaming (PIPS) technique. After canal filling, the penetration depth, penetration area and penetration percentage of the sealer were determined using confocal microscopy. The CG and EA had a greater penetration depth than CNI in the middle section. The CG exhibited a higher dentinal tubule penetration area than CNI, EV and PUI in the middle section. EA was significantly more effective than PUI in the coronal section for the percentage of sealer penetration. EA and PIPS removed Ca(OH)2 from root canals effectively because they presented similar penetration to the CG in all sections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Kanmaz
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey.,Adana Fatma Kemal Timuçin Oral and Dental Health Hospital, Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health, Adana, Turkey
| | - Demet Altunbaş
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
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Kirmizi D, Aksoy U, Orhan K. Efficacy of Laser-Activated Irrigation and Conventional Techniques in Calcium Hydroxide Removal from Simulated Internal Resorption Cavities: Micro-CT Study. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 2021; 39:674-681. [PMID: 34662526 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2021.0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of different irrigant-activation techniques for eliminating calcium hydroxide from an internal root canal resorption cavity by using microcomputed tomography (micro-CT). Background: Several techniques and irrigants are inadequate for the complete removal of calcium hydroxide from an internal root resorption cavity. Recently, a few studies have investigated the effectiveness of various methods, but there has been no micro-CT study that compares the effectiveness of photon-induced photoacoustic streaming (PIPS) and shock wave enhanced emission photoacoustic streaming (SWEEPS) techniques. Methods: Seventy single-canal mandibular premolar teeth were selected and divided into seven groups (n = 10) according to the techniques to be used: syringe irrigation (SI), passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI), EndoActivator (EA), XP-Endo finisher file (XP), Er,Cr:YSGG laser-activated irrigation, PIPS, and SWEEPS. The root canals were instrumented using a rotary system and divided vertically. Internal resorption cavities were created and standardized through diamond burs. Calcium hydroxide was placed into the root canal space. All specimens were evaluated using micro-CT in two different periods. The initial and residual calcium hydroxide volumes in the simulated cavities were calculated. Data were analyzed using a Kruskal-Wallis H test. Results: SWEEPS and PIPS were significantly more effective than EA, Er,Cr:YSGG, PUI, XP, and SI (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the SWEEPS and PIPS groups (p > 0.05). SI and XP showed the least effective activity (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The SWEEPS and PIPS techniques were superior to the EA, Er,Cr:YSGG, PUI, XP, and SI techniques. None of the techniques used entirely removed the calcium hydroxide from the resorption cavities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilan Kirmizi
- Department of Endodontics, Near East University Faculty of Dentistry, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Umut Aksoy
- Department of Endodontics, Near East University Faculty of Dentistry, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Kaan Orhan
- Department of Dentomaxillofacial Radiology, Ankara University, Faculty of Dentistry, Ankara, Turkey.,Ankara University Medical Design Application and Research Center (MEDITAM), Ankara, Turkey
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Chandran A, Gaffoor FMA, Gopakumar R, Girish S, Soumya S, Nair MR. Comparison of the Efficacy of K-File, Canal Brush Technique, and Sonic Irrigation Technique in the Retrievability of Calcium Hydroxide and Metapex Intracanal Medicaments from Root Canals: An In vitro Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Analysis. J Pharm Bioallied Sci 2021; 13:S496-S500. [PMID: 34447141 PMCID: PMC8375925 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_664_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: At present, none of the routinely used irrigating agents and activation techniques were able to completely remove the Ca(OH)2 intracanal medicament placed inside the root canal system during endodontic therapy. With this as the background, the aim of this study was to achieve complete removal of Ca(OH)2 when mixed with two different vehicles, using various irrigant activation techniques such as K-file, canal brush technique, and sonic irrigation technique, from the root canals of extracted human teeth. Materials and Methods: Seventy-two mandibular premolar teeth with straight single root canal were selected and filled either with oil-based Metapex or calcium hydroxide powder mixed with distilled water and were activated using different activation techniques such as K-file, canal brush, and sonic MM1500 and NaOCl alone. Volumetric analysis was performed utilizing cone-beam computed tomography. Results: None of the irrigants used were able to completely remove Ca(OH)2 from root canal. Sonic MM1500 showed significant removal efficacy than K-file, canal brush technique, and NaOCl for both aqueous-based and oil-based calcium hydroxide. Conclusion: Sonic MM1500 performed better than K-file, canal brush technique, and NaOCl in removing both Metapex and Ca(OH)2 powder. Regardless of the vehicles and agitation technique used, the remnants of Ca(OH)2 were present on all thirds of the canal walls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arunima Chandran
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Noorul Islam College of Dental Science, KUHS, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Faisal M A Gaffoor
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Noorul Islam College of Dental Science, KUHS, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Rethi Gopakumar
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Noorul Islam College of Dental Science, KUHS, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Sabari Girish
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Noorul Islam College of Dental Science, KUHS, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - S Soumya
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Noorul Islam College of Dental Science, KUHS, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
| | - Maya R Nair
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Noorul Islam College of Dental Science, KUHS, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India
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Liu H, Shen Y, Wang Z, Haapasalo M. The ability of different irrigation methods to remove mixtures of calcium hydroxide and barium sulphate from isthmuses in 3D printed transparent root canal models. Odontology 2021. [PMID: 34143348 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-021-00628-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The purpose is to evaluate the efficacy of different irrigation techniques in the removal of various calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2] and barium sulfate [BaSO4] formulations from three isthmuses in 3-dimensional (3D) printed molar root canal models. 3D printed transparent models were designed, fabricated, and filled with pure Ca(OH)2 paste, Ca(OH)2-BaSO4 8:1 paste, Ca(OH)2-BaSO4 1:1 paste, pure BaSO4 paste, all in water, and Diapaste. Open-ended needle irrigation (ONI) at 5 and 15 mL/min, double-side-vented needle irrigation (DNI) at 5 mL/min, the GentleWave system (GW), PiezoFlow (PF), and passive ultrasonic activation (PUI) with distilled water, 0.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and 3% NaOCl were used to remove the materials from the isthmuses. Ninety groups (n = 10) were established. The removal time was recorded from the start of irrigation to the completion of removal. GW and PF were the only methods that removed all tested materials from the isthmuses. PF required 2-3 × as much time as GW for complete removal, depending on the BaSO4 content of the paste. ONI at 15 mL/min removed pure Ca(OH)2 paste, Ca(OH)2-BaSO4 (8:1) paste, Ca(OH)2-BaSO4 (1:1) completely but could not completely remove pure BaSO4 paste and Diapaste. PUI with intermittent needle irrigation, ONI, and DNI at 5 mL/min were not able to completely remove any of the materials within 7.5 min. The GW removed all materials faster than PF, whereas other methods failed to remove all materials from the isthmuses. Pure Ca(OH)2 and the mixture with BaSO4 paste in the proportion 8:1 were removed in less time than the other mixtures by the GW, PF and ONI systems, the latter only when using 15 mL/min flow rate.
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Yang Q, Liu M, Zhu L, Zhang J, Peng B. Comparison of Needle, Ultrasonic, and Laser Irrigation for the Removal of Calcium Hydroxide from Mandibular Molar Root Canals. Photobiomodul Photomed Laser Surg 2020; 39:349-354. [PMID: 33961503 DOI: 10.1089/photob.2019.4798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to compare the efficacy of conventional needle irrigation (CI), ultrasonically activated irrigation (UAI), photon-induced photoacoustic streaming (PIPS), and shock wave-enhanced emission photoacoustic streaming (SWEEPS) in removing calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2] from root canals of mandibular molars using microcomputed tomography. Background: Various adjunctive irrigation strategies have been recommended to improve the removal of Ca(OH)2. No reports have evaluated the SWEEPS laser-activated method for the removal of Ca(OH)2 from root canals of mandibular molars. Materials and methods: Forty mandibular molars were instrumented and filled with Ca(OH)2. Four irrigation groups (CI, UAI, PIPS, and SWEEPS) were established. The volume of root canals and Ca(OH)2 and the Ca(OH)2 volume reduction percentage (%Rd) were calculated. Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance and Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance. Results: The residual Ca(OH)2 in the apical third was higher than that in the cervical and middle thirds in all groups (p < 0.05). Comparison of the %Rd of Ca(OH)2 in mesial canals revealed that PIPS and SWEEPS removed more Ca(OH)2 than CI and UAI in the cervical third (p < 0.05). The middle third of the mesial canals and the cervical and middle thirds of the distal canals did not show significant differences among groups (p > 0.05). Significant differences in the %Rd of Ca(OH)2 were noted between CI and other groups in the apical third of mesial and distal canals (p < 0.05). No group demonstrated complete removal of Ca(OH)2. Conclusions: UAI and laser-activated irrigation significantly improved Ca(OH)2 removal in the apical third of mesial and distal canals. No agitation technique could completely remove Ca(OH)2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Yang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Mingwen Liu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Lingxin Zhu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China
| | - Bin Peng
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) and Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, P.R. China
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Tavella E Silva NC, Gibin JT, Rivera ICMM, Rached Junior FJA, Leoni GB, Raucci-Neto W. Calcium hydroxide paste removal strategies and bond strengths of epoxy- and silicate-based sealers. AUST ENDOD J 2020; 47:236-244. [PMID: 33249663 DOI: 10.1111/aej.12460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated the syringe/needle (SN), passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) and XP-endo Finisher (XP) in the removal of Ca(OH)2 -based paste and the bond strength (BS) values of an epoxy resin (AH Plus) and silicate (MTA)-based sealers to root dentin. Eighty lower premolars were assigned: control group (CT), SN, PUI and XP, and subdivided according to the sealer (n = 10) for BS. SN has the lowest removal followed by PUI and XP. AH Plus had higher BS for CT compared with SN in all root thirds. CT and XP presented similar BS in the apical and middle thirds and higher than SN and PUI. For MTA, similar BS was observed in the cervical and apical thirds, and in the middle third, CT, PUI and XP presented similar values and higher than SN. PUI and XP methods presented higher efficiency in the Ca(OH)2 removal, and the residual Ca(OH)2 provides a reduction in BS of the AH Plus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Walter Raucci-Neto
- School of Dentistry, University of Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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Dias-Junior LCDL, Castro RF, Fernandes AD, Guerreiro MYR, Silva EJNL, Brandão JMDS. Final Endodontic Irrigation with 70% Ethanol Enhanced Calcium Hydroxide Removal from the Apical Third. J Endod 2020; 47:105-111. [PMID: 33045271 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2020.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cleanliness of root canal walls and dentinal tubules after attempting to remove the calcium hydroxide dressing with different irrigant solutions and the use of nonactivated irrigation or passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI). METHODS After root canal instrumentation, 80 single-rooted teeth were filled with calcium hydroxide mixed with propylene glycol and 0.1% rhodamine B dye and inserted into canals with a Lentulo spiral. The calcium hydroxide dressing was initially removed with 10 mL saline solution and reinstrumentation with the master apical file. Then, the samples were randomly assigned into 8 experimental groups (n = 10) according to the irrigant solution with or without PUI: 2.5% sodium hypochlorite, 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid + 1.25% sodium lauryl ether sulfate (EDTA-T), 37% phosphoric acid, or 70% ethanol. A final flush with 5 mL saline solution was performed. The percentage of clean root canal walls and the depth of clean dentinal tubules were measured with images of confocal laser scanning microscopy. The groups were compared using the 2-way analysis of variance test with the Bonferroni post hoc test for depth analysis and the Kruskal-Wallis with Dunn post hoc test for the perimeter analysis. RESULTS Irrigation with 70% ethanol presented a significantly higher percentage of clean root canal walls and a higher depth of clean dentinal tubules when compared with irrigation with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite and 17% EDTA-T for both irrigation methods (P < .05). No differences were observed between nonactivated irrigation or PUI protocols (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS Seventy percent ethanol enhanced calcium hydroxide removal from the apical root third compared with 2.5% sodium hypochlorite or 17% EDTA-T.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roberta Fonseca Castro
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | - Adriany Dias Fernandes
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | | | - Emmanuel J N L Silva
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Grande Rio University, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Küçükkaya Eren S, Uzunoğlu Özyürek E. Influence of cavity design on calcium hydroxide removal from root canal irregularities. Cumhuriyet Dental Journal 2019. [DOI: 10.7126/cumudj.605699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Kim Y, Lee D, Kim DV, Kim SY. Analysis of Cause of Endodontic Failure of C-Shaped Root Canals. Scanning 2018; 2018:2516832. [PMID: 30595786 PMCID: PMC6286757 DOI: 10.1155/2018/2516832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 09/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to analyze various characteristics and classification of C-shaped root canals and evaluate the causes of endodontic failure of C-shaped root canals by examining the resected root surface with an endodontic microscope and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Forty-two teeth with C-shaped root canals were included in this study and had undergone intentional replantation surgery. Before surgery, periapical radiography and cone-beam computed tomography were taken. The root canal configuration was analyzed and classified according to Melton's classification at coronal and apical level. After injection of 1 : 100,000 epinephrine with 2% lidocaine, the tooth was carefully extracted. After the root-end resection, the resected root surface was examined using an operating microscope and SEM. Mandibular second molars were most frequently involved teeth (90.4%). The most frequently observed root canal configurations were C1 at the coronal level (45.2%) and C3 at the apical 3 mm level (45.2%). The most common cause of failure for a C-shaped root canal treatment was a leaky canal (45.2%), followed by an isthmus (23.8%), missing canal, overfilling, and iatrogenic problems. In conclusion, C-shaped root canals were most frequently found in mandibular second molars. The most common cause of failure was a leaky canal and isthmus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yemi Kim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Dental Research Institute, Ewha Womans University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghee Lee
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Seoul St. Mary's Dental Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Vin Kim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Seoul St. Mary's Dental Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sin-Young Kim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Seoul St. Mary's Dental Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Chawla A, Kumar V. Evaluating the efficacy of different techniques and irrigation solutions for removal of calcium hydroxide from the root canal system: A scanning electron microscope study. J Conserv Dent 2018; 21:394-400. [PMID: 30122820 PMCID: PMC6080173 DOI: 10.4103/jcd.jcd_246_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this scanning electron microscope study was to compare the efficacy of two techniques (EndoVac and EndoActivator) and two irrigating solutions (5.25% NaOCl in combination with 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid vs. Savlon™) for removal of calcium hydroxide (CH) from the root canal walls. Settings and Design: The study was carried out in the specialty of conservative dentistry and endodontics. Materials and Methods: Forty single-canal human teeth were used. The specimens were de-coronated to obtain a standardized root length of 15 mm using a diamond disk. The canals were instrumented till F3 ProTaper and CH intracanal medicament placed in the root canal. One week later, teeth were randomly divided into one control group and six experimental groups according to different irrigation protocols with different techniques. Statistical Analysis: Kruskal–Wallis test was conducted to analyze the effect of different treatment measures with respect to three regions of tooth. Results: The results indicated that there was no statistically significant difference between the two irrigation solutions and two techniques. Conclusion: To achieve the best adaptation of filling material after root canal treatment, it is crucial to remove intracanal medication from the root canal walls. However, none of the irrigation regimens and different techniques were able to completely remove the CH from the root canal wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amrita Chawla
- Division of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Division of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Centre for Dental Education and Research, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
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Prompreecha S, Sastraruji T, Louwakul P, Srisuwan T. Dynamic Irrigation Promotes Apical Papilla Cell Attachment in an Ex Vivo Immature Root Canal Model. J Endod 2018; 44:744-50. [PMID: 29550003 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2018.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The use of dentin preconditioning techniques in regenerative endodontic procedures is currently promising. Several growth factors have been detected on dentin after ultrasonic irrigation with EDTA. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dynamic irrigation with different solution regimens on apical papilla cell (APC) attachment in an ex vivo immature tooth model. METHODS Various dynamic irrigation techniques, needle irrigation (NI), NI with EndoActivator, and NI with passive ultrasonic irrigation, were used with different solution regimens, normal saline solution (NSS), EDTA, and chlorhexidine digluconate followed by EDTA, in enlarged root canal models where calcium hydroxide-medicated dentin slices were inserted. The initial number of attached fibronectin-positive APCs was counted. Dentin surface morphology was also inspected by using scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS The number of APCs was significantly greater in the dynamic irrigation groups than in the control group (P < .001). Greater APC numbers were observed in the groups in which NSS was used than in those in which EDTA or chlorhexidine digluconate/EDTA was used, when using the same techniques (P < .001). Cell numbers were similar at all levels of the root canals; however, in the ultrasonically supplemented group irrigated with NSS, the number of attached cells was significantly increased at the middle and apical levels (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS The use of dynamic irrigation techniques in an immature tooth model definitely promoted APC attachment to calcium hydroxide-medicated dentin. Furthermore, when NSS was used as a final irrigant, the number of attached cells was significantly increased.
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Lim MJ, Jang HJ, Yu MK, Lee KW, Min KS. Removal efficacy and cytotoxicity of a calcium hydroxide paste using N-2-methyl-pyrrolidone as a vehicle. Restor Dent Endod 2017; 42:290-300. [PMID: 29142877 PMCID: PMC5682145 DOI: 10.5395/rde.2017.42.4.290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study investigated the removal efficacy and cytotoxicity of a newly developed calcium hydroxide paste (cleaniCal, Maruchi) using N-2-methyl-pyrrolidone (NMP) as a vehicle in comparison with ApexCal (Ivoclar Vivadent) and Calcipex II (Nishika), which use different vehicles such as polyethylene glycol and propylene glycol, respectively. Materials and Methods Thirty maxillary premolars with oval-shaped canals were divided into 3 groups and the teeth were filled with one of the pastes. After removal of the paste, micro-computed tomographic (μ-CT) imaging was obtained to assess the volume of residual paste in the root canal of each tooth. The teeth were then split longitudinally and the area of the paste-coated surface was evaluated by stereomicroscopy. The cytotoxicity of each product was assessed using an agar overlay assay. The effect of each vehicle on cell viability was evaluated using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The data were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's tests to detect any significance (p < 0.05). Results In the μ-CT and stereomicroscopic analysis, cleaniCal exhibited less remnants of medicament than ApexCal and Calcipex. cleaniCal showed a higher cytotoxicity than the other pastes in the agar overlay assay. Furthermore, NMP exhibited lower cell viability compared to the other vehicles. Conclusions cleaniCal showed better removal efficacy compared to the other products. However, clinicians should be aware of the higher cytotoxicity of the NMP-based material and consider its possible adverse effects on periradicular tissue when it is overfilled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myung-Jin Lim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Chonbuk National University School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Hyun-Jin Jang
- Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Mi-Kyung Yu
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Chonbuk National University School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonju, Korea.,Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea.,Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Kwang-Won Lee
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Chonbuk National University School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonju, Korea.,Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea.,Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Kyung-San Min
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, Chonbuk National University School of Dentistry and Institute of Oral Bioscience, Jeonju, Korea.,Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Korea.,Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University Hospital, Jeonju, Korea
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Wang Y, Guo LY, Fang HZ, Zou WL, Yang YM, Gao Y, Yang H, Hu T. An in vitro study on the efficacy of removing calcium hydroxide from curved root canal systems in root canal therapy. Int J Oral Sci 2017; 9:110-6. [PMID: 28644431 DOI: 10.1038/ijos.2017.14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
To compare the efficacy of various irrigants (citric acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and NaOCl) and techniques in removing Ca(OH)2 in two types of curved root canal systems, simulated root canals with specific curvatures were used to investigate the effects of different irrigants and instruments on Ca(OH)2 removal. The optimal methods were verified on extracted human teeth. Simulated root canals were assigned to one of two groups based on the irrigation solution: 10% citric acid or 2.5% NaOCl. Each group was divided into four subgroups according to the technique used to remove Ca(OH)2. The percentage of Ca(OH)2 removal in different sections of root canals was calculated. On the basis of the results obtained for the simulated canals, 10% citric acid and 17% EDTA were applied to remove Ca(OH)2 from the extracted human teeth with curved root canal systems. The teeth were scanned by micro computed tomography to calculate the percentage of Ca(OH)2 removal in the canals. In simulated root canals, we found that 10% citric acid removed more Ca(OH)2 than 2.5% NaOCl in the 0–1 mm group from the apex level (P<0.05). Ultrasonic and EndoActivator activation significantly removed more Ca(OH)2 than a size 30 K file in the apical third (P<0.05). However, there were no significant differences in any sections of the canals for 10% citric acid or 17% EDTA in removing Ca(OH)2 in extracted human teeth. We concluded that it was effective to remove residual Ca(OH)2 using the decalcifying solution with EndoActivator or Passive Ultrasonic Irrigation in a curved root canal system. A protocol for Ca(OH)2 removal was provided based on the conclusions of this study and the methods recommended in previous studies.
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Bitter K, Vlassakidis A, Niepel M, Hoedke D, Schulze J, Neumann K, Moter A, Noetzel J. Effects of Diode Laser, Gaseous Ozone, and Medical Dressings on Enterococcus faecalis Biofilms in the Root Canal Ex Vivo. Biomed Res Int 2017; 2017:6321850. [PMID: 28567421 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6321850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The objective was to compare the antibacterial effects of adjunctive disinfection using diode laser and gaseous ozone compared to the medical dressings calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) and chlorhexidine gel (CHX-Gel) on Enterococcus faecalis biofilms in human root canals ex vivo. Root canals of 180 human extracted teeth were infected by E. faecalis and divided into 3 main groups (G): G1, control; G2, instrumentation and irrigation using 0.9% NaCl; G3, instrumentation and irrigation using 1% NaOCl. In each main group, the following treatments were applied: gaseous ozone, diode laser, and medical dressings of Ca(OH)2 or CHX-Gel for 7 days (n = 15). Reduction of colony forming units (CFUs) inside the root canal of planktons and frequencies of adherent bacteria after treatment were calculated. Bacterial reduction was significantly affected by the irrigation protocol (p < 0.0005) and the disinfection method (p < 0.0005), and a significant interaction between both factors could be observed (p < 0.0005; ANOVA). In G3 (instrumentation using 1% NaOCl), no significant effect of disinfection methods could be demonstrated on planktonic bacteria (p = 0.062; ANOVA) and frequencies of adherent bacteria (p > 0.05; chi-square test). Instrumentation and irrigation using NaOCl combined with ozone or laser application resulted in comparable bacterial reduction on E. faecalis to the application of medical dressings.
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Lloyd A, Navarrete G, Marchesan MA, Clement D. Removal of calcium hydroxide from Weine Type II systems using photon-induced photoacoustic streaming, passive ultrasonic, and needle irrigation: a microcomputed tomography study. J Appl Oral Sci 2017; 24:543-548. [PMID: 28076457 PMCID: PMC5161252 DOI: 10.1590/1678-775720160234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study compared the effectiveness of Er:YAG laser-activated irrigation (PIPS), passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) with EndoUltra and standard needle irrigation (SNI) in the removal of calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2] from the mesial roots of Weine Type II mandibular molars. Material and Methods Thirty mandibular molars were screened by µCT for the presence of mesial roots with complex intra-canal anatomy and a common apical foramen. The teeth were enlarged to a standardized 25/.06 preparation and filled with Ca(OH)2 paste. Specimens were divided into three groups (n=10) according to the technique used for Ca(OH)2 removal: PIPS, at 15 Hz and 20 mJ using a 9 mm long, 600 µm diameter tip; PUI using a 15/.02 tip; and SNI (30 Ga. side-vented needle). Equal volumes of 8.25% NaOCl and 17% EDTA were used in all groups. µCT was used to measure the initial amount of Ca(OH)2 present and to assess the residual volume of Ca(OH)2 following each irrigation protocol. Data were analyzed using Tukey HSD and Kruskal-Wallis tests (α=5%). Results The mean volume of Ca(OH)2 before removal was significantly higher in the coronal third than in the middle and apical third (p<0.001). Ca(OH)2 was similarly removed from the coronal and middle thirds with the three methods used (p>0.05). PIPS (median 0%; IQR: 0-0) showed significant higher Ca(OH)2 removal in the apical third than PUI (median 100%, IQR: 85-100) and SNI (median 47%; IQR: 16-72) (p<0.001). Conclusions PIPS laser-activation was more effective for the removal of Ca(OH)2 from mesial roots of mandibular molars with Weine Type II canal configurations than PUI with EndoUltra and SNI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Lloyd
- - University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Dentistry, Department of Endodontics, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Geraldine Navarrete
- - University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Dentistry, Department of Endodontics, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Melissa Andreia Marchesan
- - University of Tennessee Health Science Center, College of Dentistry, Department of Endodontics, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - David Clement
- - The University of Oklahoma, College of Dentistry, Oklahoma City, OK, USA
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Guneser MB, Dincer AN, Arslan D. Comparison of Conventional Syringe, CanalBrush, EndoActivator, Photon-Induced Photoacoustic Streaming, and Manual Instrumentation in Removing Orange-Brown Precipitate: An In Vitro Study. Photomed Laser Surg 2017; 35:311-316. [PMID: 28186862 DOI: 10.1089/pho.2016.4248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this in vitro study was to compare the various techniques for removing precipitate formed after irrigation with sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) and chlorhexidine (CHX). BACKGROUND DATA It is still unclear whether different irrigant activation systems can effectively remove precipitate that is firmly attached to the root canal walls. METHODS Eighty-two extracted single-rooted human teeth were instrumented by using the ProTaper rotary system. The roots were irrigated with 5% NaOCl and then 2% CHX to form orange-brown precipitate on the root canal walls. The teeth were sectioned longitudinally, and the amount of precipitate on the canal walls was measured under a stereomicroscope at 15 × magnification before the root halves were reassembled. Then, conventional syringe irrigation (CSI), CanalBrush (CB), EndoActivator (EA) system, photon-induced photoacoustic streaming (PIPS), and manual instrumentation (MI) techniques were used to remove the precipitate, during which 5 mL of distilled water was used for 1 min. The amount of precipitate remaining on the canal walls was measured, and the percentage of precipitate removed was calculated. Data were analyzed by using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests (p = 0.05). RESULTS All experimental groups contained residual precipitate. The precipitate was more effectively removed in the MI group than in the other groups (p < 0.05). The CB and EA groups showed better removal than the CSI and PIPS groups (p < 0.05), and there were no significant differences in removal between these latter two groups (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS None of the techniques used was able to completely remove the orange-brown precipitate from the root canal surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Burak Guneser
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Bezmialem Vakif University , Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Asiye Nur Dincer
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Bezmialem Vakif University , Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dilara Arslan
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Bezmialem Vakif University , Istanbul, Turkey
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Affiliation(s)
- Huda Melike Bayram
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Endodontics, Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Emre Bayram
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Endodontics, Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey
| | - Esra Kul
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Hakan Göktürk
- Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Endodontics, Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat, Turkey
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Kuştarcı A, Er K, Siso SH, Aydın H, Harorlı H, Arslan D, Kirmali O. Efficacy of Laser-Activated Irrigants in Calcium Hydroxide Removal from the Artificial Grooves in Root Canals: AnEx VivoStudy. Photomed Laser Surg 2016; 34:205-10. [DOI: 10.1089/pho.2015.3951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alper Kuştarcı
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Kürşat Er
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Seyda Hergüner Siso
- Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hakan Aydın
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Hatice Harorlı
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
| | - Dilara Arslan
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Omer Kirmali
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
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Ethem Yaylali I, Kececi AD, Ureyen Kaya B. Ultrasonically Activated Irrigation to Remove Calcium Hydroxide from Apical Third of Human Root Canal System: A Systematic Review of In Vitro Studies. J Endod 2015; 41:1589-99. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2015.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Revised: 06/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Li D, Jiang S, Yin X, Chang JWW, Ke J, Zhang C. Efficacy of Needle, Ultrasonic, and Endoactivator Irrigation and Photon-Induced Photoacoustic Streaming in Removing Calcium Hydroxide from the Main Canal and Isthmus: An In Vitro Micro-Computed Tomography and Scanning Electron Microscopy Study. Photomed Laser Surg 2015; 33:330-7. [PMID: 26067942 DOI: 10.1089/pho.2015.3903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this in vitro study was to use high-resolution micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to compare the efficacy of four irrigation techniques [needle, ultrasonic, EndoActivator, and photon-induced photoacoustic streaming (PIPS)] in removing calcium hydroxide (Ca[OH]2) from the root canal and isthmus of maxillary premolars. METHODS Twenty-four maxillary first premolars were selected based on the presence of isthmus regions on micro-CT scans. Root canals were instrumented with an F2 file using ProTaper rotary instruments and filled with Ca(OH)2 paste. Samples were stored at 37°C and 100% humidity for 1 week and randomly divided into four groups (n=6 each), according to irrigation technique. Samples were scanned with micro-CT before instrumentation, after Ca(OH)2 filling, and after irrigation. Ca(OH)2 reduction in the coronal, middle, and apical thirds and in the isthmus were assessed with three-dimensional image analysis. Next, specimens were split longitudinally, and canal walls were examined with SEM for Ca(OH)2 residues. Data were statistically evaluated with the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests (p=0.05). RESULTS The PIPS and ultrasonic groups showed greater Ca(OH)2 reduction in the apical third and higher cleanliness of the isthmus than the EndoActivator and needle irrigation groups (p<0.05). Ca(OH)2 residue scores in the PIPS and ultrasonic groups were significantly lower than those in the EndoActivator and needle groups in all regions of the root canals (p<0.05). There was no significant difference between PIPS and ultrasonic groups (p>0.05), or between EndoActivator and needle groups (p>0.05). CONCLUSIONS PIPS and ultrasonic irrigation more effectively removed Ca(OH)2 from the main canal and isthmus in maxillary premolars than did EndoActivator or needle irrigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxia Li
- 1 Department of Stomatology, Air Force General Hospital of the PLA , Haidian District, Beijing, China .,2 Comprehensive Dental Care, Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong , Prince Philip Dental Hospital, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shan Jiang
- 2 Comprehensive Dental Care, Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong , Prince Philip Dental Hospital, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong, China
| | - Xingzhe Yin
- 2 Comprehensive Dental Care, Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong , Prince Philip Dental Hospital, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong, China .,3 VIP Dental Service & Geriatric Dentistry, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Peking University , Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Jeffrey Wen Wei Chang
- 2 Comprehensive Dental Care, Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong , Prince Philip Dental Hospital, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jie Ke
- 1 Department of Stomatology, Air Force General Hospital of the PLA , Haidian District, Beijing, China
| | - Chengfei Zhang
- 2 Comprehensive Dental Care, Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong , Prince Philip Dental Hospital, Sai Ying Pun, Hong Kong, China
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Ma J, Shen Y, Yang Y, Gao Y, Wan P, Gan Y, Patel P, Curtis A, Khakpour M, Haapasalo M. In Vitro Study of Calcium Hydroxide Removal from Mandibular Molar Root Canals. J Endod 2015; 41:553-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2014.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2014] [Revised: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 11/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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