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Mwamba GN, Nzaji MK, Hoff NA, Mukadi PK, Musene KK, Gerber SK, Halbrook M, Sinai C, Fuller T, Numbi OL, Wemakoy EO, Tamfum JJM, Mukadi DN, Mapatano MA, Rimoin AW, Dikassa PSL. Nutritional Status Link with Polioseronegativity Among Children from Poliomyelitis Transmission High-Risk Area of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). J Multidiscip Healthc 2024; 17:1219-1229. [PMID: 38524863 PMCID: PMC10960541 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s437351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Malnutrition is identified as a risk-factor for insufficient polioseroconversion in the context of a vaccine-derived polio virus (VDPV) outbreak prone region. To assess the prevalence of malnutrition and its link to poliovirus insufficient immunity, a cross-sectional household survey was conducted in the regions of Haut- Lomami and Tanganyika, DRC. Methods In March 2018, we included 968 healthy children aged 6 to 59 months from eight out of 27 districts. Selection of study locations within these districts was done using a stratified random sampling method, where villages were chosen based on habitat characteristics identified from satellite images. Consent was obtained verbally in the preferred language of the participant (French or Swahili) by interviewers who received specific training for this task. Furthermore, participants contributed a dried blood spot sample, collected via finger prick. To assess malnutrition, we measured height and weight, applying WHO criteria to determine rates of underweight, wasting, and stunting. The assessment of immunity to poliovirus types 1, 2, and 3 through the detection of neutralizing antibodies was carried out at the CDC in Atlanta, USA. Results Of the study population, we found 24.7% underweight, 54.8% stunted, and 15.4% wasted. With IC95%, underweight (OR=1.50; [1.11-2.03]), and the non-administration of vitamin A (OR=1.96; [1.52-2.54]) were significantly associated with seronegativity to polioserotype 1. Underweight (OR=1.64; [1.20-2.24]) and the non-administration of vitamin A (OR=1.55; [1.20-2.01]) were significantly associated with seronegativity to polioserotype 2. Underweight (OR=1.50; [1.11-2.03]), and the non-administration of vitamin A (OR=1.80. [1.38-2.35]) were significantly associated with seronegativity to polioserotype 3. Underweight (OR=1.68; IC95% [1.10-2.57]) and the non-administration of vitamin A (OR=1.82; IC95% [1.30-2.55]) were significantly associated with seronegativity to all polioserotypes. Conclusion This study reveals a significant association between underweight and polioseronegativity in children. In order to reduce vaccine failures in high-risk areas, an integrated approach by vaccination and nutrition programs should be adopted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume N Mwamba
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kamina, Kamina, Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Expanded Program on Immunization, Ministry of Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Michel Kabamba Nzaji
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kamina, Kamina, Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Expanded Program on Immunization, Ministry of Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Nicole A Hoff
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Patrick K Mukadi
- National Institute of Biomedical Research (INRB), Ministry of Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Kamy Kaminye Musene
- UCLA-DRC Health Research and Training Program, UCLA-DRC, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Sue K Gerber
- Polio Eradication program, The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, Seattle, WA, 98109, USA
| | - Megan Halbrook
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Cyrus Sinai
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Trevon Fuller
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Oscar Luboya Numbi
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Lubumbashi, Lubumbashi, 1825, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Emile Okitolonda Wemakoy
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Jean Jacques Muyembe Tamfum
- National Institute of Biomedical Research (INRB), Ministry of Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Dalau Nkamba Mukadi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Mala Ali Mapatano
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Anne W Rimoin
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Paul-Samson Lusamba Dikassa
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of the Congo
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Ivanov AP, Klebleyeva TD, Malyshkina LP, Ivanova OE. Poliovirus-binding inhibition ELISA based on specific chicken egg yolk antibodies as an alternative to the neutralization test. J Virol Methods 2019; 266:7-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2019.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Church JA, Rukobo S, Govha M, Carmolli MP, Diehl SA, Chasekwa B, Ntozini R, Mutasa K, Humphrey JH, Kirkpatrick BD, Prendergast AJ. Neonatal vitamin A supplementation and immune responses to oral polio vaccine in Zimbabwean infants. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2019; 113:110-115. [PMID: 30576507 PMCID: PMC6391935 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/try126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Micronutrient deficiencies may contribute to reduced oral vaccine immunogenicity in developing countries. We hypothesised that neonatal vitamin A supplementation (NVAS) would improve oral vaccine responses. Methods We performed a cross-sectional study of infants recruited at birth to the Zimbabwe Vitamin A for Mothers and Babies (ZVITAMBO) trial, a randomised controlled trial of single, high-dose NVAS vs placebo conducted in Zimbabwe between 1997–2001. We measured poliovirus-specific IgA to type 1–3 polio strains by semiquantitative capture ELISA in cryopreserved plasma samples collected at 6 months of age. Results A total of 181 infants fulfilled inclusion criteria, of whom 80 were randomised to NVAS and 101 to placebo. There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics between groups. At 6 months of age, median (IQR) vaccine titres for infants randomised to NVAS vs placebo were 932 (421–3001) vs 1774 (711–5431) for Sabin-1 (p=0.04); 1361 (705–3402) vs 2309 (1081–4283) for Sabin-2 (p=0.15); and 1584 (796–4216) vs 2260 (996–5723) for Sabin-3 (p=0.14), respectively. After adjusting for breast feeding status, birth weight, season and infant sex in a linear regression model, there was only weak evidence of difference in log mean titres between vitamin A and placebo groups for Sabin-1 (p=0.08) and no evidence of difference in log mean titres for Sabin-2 and Sabin-3. Conclusions NVAS did not augment oral polio vaccine responses in Zimbabwean infants. Further research is required to understand the impact of NVAS on responses to other oral vaccines. The trial is registered with clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT00198718.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A Church
- Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, 16 Lauchlan Avenue, Harare, Zimbabwe.,Centre for Genomics & Child Health, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Newark Street, London, UK
| | - Sandra Rukobo
- Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, 16 Lauchlan Avenue, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Margaret Govha
- Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, 16 Lauchlan Avenue, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Marya P Carmolli
- Vaccine Testing Center, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vemont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Sean A Diehl
- Vaccine Testing Center, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vemont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Bernard Chasekwa
- Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, 16 Lauchlan Avenue, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Robert Ntozini
- Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, 16 Lauchlan Avenue, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Kuda Mutasa
- Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, 16 Lauchlan Avenue, Harare, Zimbabwe
| | - Jean H Humphrey
- Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, 16 Lauchlan Avenue, Harare, Zimbabwe.,Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Beth D Kirkpatrick
- Vaccine Testing Center, Larner College of Medicine, University of Vemont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Andrew J Prendergast
- Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research, 16 Lauchlan Avenue, Harare, Zimbabwe.,Centre for Genomics & Child Health, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, Newark Street, London, UK.,Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
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Soleimani S, Kamalzadeh M, Lotfi M. Preparation and Characterization of a Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibody against Poliovirus Type 1 (Mahoney Strain). mljgoums 2019. [DOI: 10.29252/mlj.13.1.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
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Church JA, Rukobo S, Govha M, Carmolli MP, Diehl SA, Chasekwa B, Ntozini R, Mutasa K, Humphrey JH, Kirkpatrick BD, Prendergast AJ. Immune responses to oral poliovirus vaccine in HIV-exposed uninfected Zimbabwean infants. Hum Vaccin Immunother 2017; 13:2543-2547. [PMID: 28857649 PMCID: PMC5703368 DOI: 10.1080/21645515.2017.1359454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
It remains uncertain whether HIV-exposed uninfected (HEU) infants have impaired responses to oral vaccines. We performed a cross-sectional study of 6-month-old infants recruited at birth to the ZVITAMBO trial in Zimbabwe between 1997–2001, before introduction of prevention of mother-to-child transmission interventions. We measured poliovirus-specific IgA to type 1–3 polio strains by semi-quantitative capture ELISA in cryopreserved serum samples collected from 85 HEU and 101 HIV-unexposed infants at 6 months of age, one month after their last immunisation with trivalent OPV. Almost all infants were breastfed, with the majority in both groups mixed breastfed (70.6% HEU versus 71.3% HIV-unexposed). Median (IQR) vaccine titers for HEU and HIV-unexposed infants were 1592 (618–4896) vs. 1774 (711–5431) for Sabin 1 (P = 0.46); 1895 (810–4398) vs. 2308 (1081–4283) for Sabin 2 (P = 0.52); and 1798 (774–4192) vs. 2260 (996–5723) for Sabin 3 (P = 0.18). There were no significant differences in vaccine titers between HEU and HIV-unexposed infants, suggesting that vertical HIV exposure does not impact oral poliovirus vaccine immunogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A Church
- a Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research , Harare , Zimbabwe.,b Blizard Institute , Queen Mary University of London , London , UK
| | - Sandra Rukobo
- a Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research , Harare , Zimbabwe
| | - Margaret Govha
- a Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research , Harare , Zimbabwe
| | - Marya P Carmolli
- c Department of Medicine, Vaccine Testing Center , University of Vermont , Burlington , VT , USA
| | - Sean A Diehl
- c Department of Medicine, Vaccine Testing Center , University of Vermont , Burlington , VT , USA
| | - Bernard Chasekwa
- a Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research , Harare , Zimbabwe
| | - Robert Ntozini
- a Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research , Harare , Zimbabwe
| | - Kuda Mutasa
- a Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research , Harare , Zimbabwe
| | - Jean H Humphrey
- a Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research , Harare , Zimbabwe.,d Department of International Health , Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health , Baltimore , MD , USA
| | - Beth D Kirkpatrick
- c Department of Medicine, Vaccine Testing Center , University of Vermont , Burlington , VT , USA
| | - Andrew J Prendergast
- a Zvitambo Institute for Maternal and Child Health Research , Harare , Zimbabwe.,b Blizard Institute , Queen Mary University of London , London , UK.,d Department of International Health , Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health , Baltimore , MD , USA
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Schepp RM, Berbers GA, Ferreira JA, Reimerink JH, van der Klis FR. A novel multiplex poliovirus binding inhibition assay applicable for large serosurveillance and vaccine studies, without the use of live poliovirus. J Virol Methods 2017; 241:15-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2016.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2016] [Revised: 12/12/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Ivanov AP, Dragunsky EM. ELISA as a possible alternative to the neutralization test for evaluating the immune response to poliovirus vaccines. Expert Rev Vaccines 2014; 4:167-72. [PMID: 15889990 DOI: 10.1586/14760584.4.2.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This review describes several enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) techniques proposed to replace the neutralization test for detecting neutralization-relevant antibodies to polioviruses in recipients of inactivated poliovirus vaccine and oral poliovirus vaccine, and for seroepidemiologic studies. Comparisons of results from ELISA and the neutralization test suggest that ELISA variants, based on the principle of blocking or binding inhibition that emulate the neutralization test, might offer an alternative to the neutralization test. However, to replace the neutralization test with ELISA would first require extensive studies with very large numbers of serum samples, including sera having low titers of neutralizing antibodies, in order to obtain reliable and statistically sound validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander P Ivanov
- United States Food and Drug Administration, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, 1401 Rockville Pike, Rockville, MD 20852, USA.
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Ivanov A, Dragunsky E, Ivanova O, Rezapkin G, Potapova S, Chumakov K. Determination of poliovirus-specific IgA in saliva by ELISA tests. J Virol Methods 2005; 126:45-52. [PMID: 15847918 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2005.01.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2004] [Revised: 01/05/2005] [Accepted: 01/08/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
This study describes three ELISA methods for detection of immunoglobulin A (IgA) specific to three types of Sabin strains of poliovirus in saliva taken from 70 children aged 6-7 years vaccinated with a full course of oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV). Of the three ELISA methods (conventional IgA ELISA and two new methods described in this communication, the alpha-capture ELISA and Inhibition ELISA), alpha-capture ELISA demonstrated the highest sensitivity, with all saliva samples testing positive for Sabin poliovirus strains specific IgA antibodies of 1-3 types. Of 62 available alpha-capture ELISA positive saliva samples, all were also positive by the inhibition ELISA, and a significant correlation was found between the results. Fifty-two available saliva samples were screened by the three ELISA tests with positive results, and a significant correlation was found between the alpha-capture ELISA and the IgA ELISA; the correlation between the IgA ELISA and inhibition ELISA was not significant. The results of this study suggest that determination of Sabin poliovirus-specific IgA in human saliva by the ELISA techniques (especially by the novel alpha-capture ELISA) can be used reliably for evaluation of mucosal immunity in large groups of people immunized with poliovirus vaccines and for epidemiological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Ivanov
- Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, HFM-470, NLRC/B-121, 1401 Rockville Pike, Rockville, MD 20852, USA.
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Di Lonardo A, Buttinelli G, Amato C, Novello F, Ridolfi B, Fiore L. Rapid methods for identification of poliovirus isolates and determination of polio neutralizing antibody titers in human sera. J Virol Methods 2002; 101:189-96. [PMID: 11849697 DOI: 10.1016/s0166-0934(01)00437-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new rapid method for identification and determination of the titer of polioviruses and other enteroviruses in cell monolayers grown in microtiter plates is described. The method is based on immunoperoxidase staining of infected cells with commercial monoclonal antibodies (MAb) and biotin-labeled secondary antibody. The presence of poliovirus or other enteroviruses was established as the appearance of at least one focus of cells with stained cytoplasm 6 h post-infection. Viral titers determined by this method were expressed as focus forming unit (FFU) per ml which was found to correspond approximately to 10 TCID(50)/ml. The suitability of this technique to determine poliovirus antibody titers in human sera was also tested comparing the immunocytochemical neutralization assay with a conventional neutralization in microtiter plates. The test was standardized using reference human sera in order to produce antibody titers expressed in international units (IU). In addition to high reproducibility, the new neutralization test appears to be sensitive, specific and rapid, and might thus represent a useful tool for the diagnosis of polio and other enterovirus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Di Lonardo
- Laboratory of Virology, Istituto Superiore di Sanita', Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161, Rome, Italy
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Wahby AF. Combined cell culture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for quantification of poliovirus neutralization- relevant antibodies. Clin Diagn Lab Immunol 2000; 7:915-9. [PMID: 11063498 PMCID: PMC95985 DOI: 10.1128/cdli.7.6.915-919.2000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2000] [Accepted: 08/25/2000] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A combined cell culture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (CCC-ELISA) was developed for measuring the neutralizing antipoliovirus antibodies in human sera. The binding of different concentrations of each of the three poliovirus types to BGM cells in the presence and absence of a constant dilution from each test and reference serum was measured in the CCC-ELISA. The titers of the viruses neutralized by each serum were measured with the titration curves and used for interpretation of neutralizing titers to the three poliovirus types. Analysis of human sera revealed that the sensitivity and specificity of the CCC-ELISA and the microneutralization assay were comparable. The CCC-ELISA is nonsubjective, rapid, and highly reproducible. Furthermore, the CCC-ELISA could potentially be used as a seroepidemiologic tool for assessment of the humoral response to the cell culture infectious viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- A F Wahby
- Department of Molecular Biology, National Research Center, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
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