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Min Y, Yu H, Li Q. Transcriptional and post-translational regulation of MITF mediated by bHLH domain during the melanogenesis and melanocyte proliferation in Crassostrea gigas. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 266:131138. [PMID: 38547943 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Melanocyte differentiation is orchestrated by the master regulator transcription factor MITF. However, its ability to discern distinct binding sites linked to effective gene regulation remains poorly understood. This study aims to assess how co-activator acetyltransferase interacts with MITF to modulate their related lysine action, thereby mediating downstream gene regulation, including DNA affinity, stability, transcriptional activity, particularly in the process of shell pigmentation. Here, we have demonstrated that the CgMITF protein can be acetylated, further enabling selective amplification of the melanocyte maturation program. Collaboration with transcriptional co-regulator p300 advances MITF dynamically interplay with downstream targeted gene promoters. We have established that MITF activation was partially dependent on the bHLH domain, which was well conserved across species. The bHLH domain contained conserved lysine residues, including K6 and K43, which interacted with the E-box motif of downstream targeted-genes. Mutations at K6 and K43 lead to a decrease in the binding affinity of the E-box motif. CgMITF protein bound to the E-box motif within the promoter regions of the tyrosinase-related genes, contributing to melanogenesis, and also interacted with the E-box motif within the TBX2 promoter regions, associated with melanocyte proliferation. We elucidated how the bHLH domain links the transcriptional regulation and acetylation modifications in the melanocyte development in C. gigas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Min
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, and College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Hong Yu
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, and College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Qi Li
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, and College of Fisheries, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China; Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266237, China.
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2
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Li C, Chen Q, Wu J, Ren J, Zhang M, Wang H, Li J, Tang Y. Identification and characterization of two novel noncoding tyrosinase (TYR) gene variants leading to oculocutaneous albinism type 1. J Biol Chem 2022; 298:101922. [PMID: 35413289 PMCID: PMC9108984 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2022.101922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Oculocutaneous albinism type 1 (OCA1), resulting from pathogenic variants in the tyrosinase (TYR) gene, refers to a group of phenotypically heterogeneous autosomal recessive disorders characterized by a partial or a complete absence of pigment in the skin/hair and is also associated with common developmental eye defects. In this study, we identified two novel compound heterozygous TYR variants from a Chinese hypopigmentary patient by whole-exome sequencing. Specifically, the two variants were c.-89T>G, located at the core of the initiator E-box (Inr E-box) of the TYR promoter, and p.S16Y (c.47C>A), located within the signal sequence. We performed both in silico analysis and experimental validation and verified these mutations as OCA1 variants that caused either impaired or complete loss of function of TYR. Mechanistically, the Inr E-box variant dampened TYR binding to microphthalmia-associated transcription factor, a master transcriptional regulator of the melanocyte development, whereas the S16Y variant contributed to endoplasmic reticulum retention, a common and principal cause of impaired TYR activity. Interestingly, we found that the Inr E-box variant creates novel protospacer adjacent motif sites, recognized by nucleases SpCas9 and SaCas9-KKH, respectively, without compromising the functional TYR coding sequence. We further used allele-specific genomic editing by CRISPR activation to specifically target the variant promoter and successfully activated its downstream gene expression, which could lead to potential therapeutic benefits. In conclusion, this study expands the spectrum of TYR variants, especially those within the promoter and noncoding regions, which can facilitate genetic counseling and clinical diagnosis of OCA1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoyi Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Aging Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Aging Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Junjiao Wu
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Provincial Clinical Research Center for Rheumatic and Immunologic Diseases, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jie Ren
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Aging Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mengfei Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Aging Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Huakun Wang
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Aging Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jinchen Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Aging Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yu Tang
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Aging Research Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; The Biobank of Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
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3
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Lim D, Lee KJ, Kim Y, Kim M, Ju HM, Kim MJ, Choi DH, Choi J, Kim S, Kang D, Lee K, Hahn JH. A Basic Domain-Derived Tripeptide Inhibits MITF Activity by Reducing its Binding to the Promoter of Target Genes. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 141:2459-2469. [PMID: 33823181 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.01.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The keratinocytes in UV-irradiated skin produce and secrete α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone. α-Melanocyte-stimulating hormone upregulates the expression of MITF in melanocytes through the cAMP‒protein kinase A‒CREB signaling pathway. Thereafter, MITF induces the expression of melanogenic genes, including the tyrosinase gene TYR and TYRP-1 and TYRP-2 genes, which leads to the synthesis and accumulation of melanin. In this study, we examined whether MITF basic region-derived tripeptides can bind to the DNA-binding domain of MITF and inhibit MITF-induced melanogenesis through the inhibition of MITF‒DNA binding. MITF-KGR, a representative MITF-derived tripeptide, suppressed the transcriptional activity of MITF by disrupting its binding to the promoter region of the target genes, which resulted in the inhibition of skin epidermis thickness and melanin synthesis in vivo and in vitro. Our results indicate that MITF-KGR exerts an inhibitory effect on melanogenesis by targeting MITF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongyoung Lim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoung-Jin Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuri Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Minseo Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Mi Ju
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Myoung-Ju Kim
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hwa Choi
- Biocenter, Gyeonggido Business & Science Accelerator, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwon Choi
- Department of Oral Pathology, Oral Cancer Research Institute, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Suree Kim
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Western Seoul Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongmin Kang
- Department of Life Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyoungyul Lee
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jang-Hee Hahn
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Republic of Korea.
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Darp R, Ceol C. Making a melanoma: Molecular and cellular changes underlying melanoma initiation. Pigment Cell Melanoma Res 2020; 34:280-287. [PMID: 33283422 DOI: 10.1111/pcmr.12950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 11/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma arises from the melanocyte lineage and is the most aggressive and lethal form of skin cancer. There are several genetic, genomic, and cellular changes associated with melanoma initiation. Here, we discuss these alterations and the melanoma cells of origin in which they are proposed to promote melanomagenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Revati Darp
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.,Department of Molecular, Cellular and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Craig Ceol
- Program in Molecular Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA.,Department of Molecular, Cellular and Cancer Biology, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA, USA
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Kwon KJ, Bae S, Kim K, An IS, Ahn KJ, An S, Cha HJ. Asiaticoside, a component of Centella asiatica, inhibits melanogenesis in B16F10 mouse melanoma. Mol Med Rep 2014; 10:503-7. [PMID: 24756377 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2014.2159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Accepted: 03/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanogenesis is the process of generating pigmentation via melanin synthesis and delivery. Three key enzymes, tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein 1 (TRP1) and TRP2, metabolize melanin from L-tyrosine. Melanin synthesizing enzymes are regulated by microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF). The titrated extract of Centella asiatica (TECA) contains the major components asiatic acid, asiaticoside and madecassic acid. The present study revealed that TECA reduces the melanin content in melanocytes. Moreover, the asiaticoside contained in TECA modulated melanogenesis by inhibiting tyrosinase mRNA expression. The decrease in tyrosinase mRNA levels was mediated through MITF. Uniquely, asiaticoside inhibited MITF by decreasing its DNA binding affinity. In conclusion, the results of the present study indicate that asiaticoside treatment may have beneficial effects in hyperpigmentation diseases or for skin whitening.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ku Jung Kwon
- Korea Institute for Skin and Clinical Sciences and Molecular‑Targeted Drug Research Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 143‑701, Republic of Korea
| | - Seunghee Bae
- Korea Institute for Skin and Clinical Sciences and Molecular‑Targeted Drug Research Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 143‑701, Republic of Korea
| | - Karam Kim
- Korea Institute for Skin and Clinical Sciences and Molecular‑Targeted Drug Research Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 143‑701, Republic of Korea
| | - In Sook An
- Korea Institute for Skin and Clinical Sciences and Molecular‑Targeted Drug Research Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 143‑701, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Joong Ahn
- Department of Dermatology, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul 143‑701, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungkwan An
- Korea Institute for Skin and Clinical Sciences and Molecular‑Targeted Drug Research Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 143‑701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwa Jun Cha
- Korea Institute for Skin and Clinical Sciences and Molecular‑Targeted Drug Research Center, Konkuk University, Seoul 143‑701, Republic of Korea
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Lee JY, Choi HJ, Chung TW, Kim CH, Jeong HS, Ha KT. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester inhibits alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone-induced melanin synthesis through suppressing transactivation activity of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor. J Nat Prod 2013; 76:1399-1405. [PMID: 23876066 DOI: 10.1021/np400129z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (1), a natural compound found in various plants and propolis, is a well-known anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and cytotoxic agent. The present study aimed to investigate the molecular events underlying the antimelanogenic activity of 1 in alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH)-stimulated B16-F10 melanoma cells. In this investigation, 1 effectively reduced α-MSH-stimulated melanin synthesis by suppressing expression of melanogenic enzymes such as tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein-1 (TRP-1), and tyrosinase-related protein-2 (TRP-2), although this compound did not directly inhibit tyrosinase enzyme activity. On the other hand, the expression and nuclear translocation of microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) as a key transcription factor for tyrosinase expression regulating melanogenesis were not affected by treatment with 1. The upstream signaling pathways including cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), glycogen synthase kinase-3β (GSK-3β), and Akt for activation and expression of MITF were also not influenced by 1. Interestingly, 1 inhibited transcriptional activity of a tyrosinase promoter by suppressing the interaction of MITF protein with an M-box containing a CATGTG motif on the tyrosinase promoter. Given the important role of MITF in melanogenesis, suppression of 1 on the function of MITF to transactivate tyrosinase promoter may present a novel therapeutic approach to treat hyperpigmentation disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Yeon Lee
- Division of Applied Medicine, School of Korean Medicine, Pusan National University , Yangsan, Gyeongnam, Republic of Korea
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