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Morales-Ubaldo AL, Rivero-Perez N, Valladares-Carranza B, Velázquez-Ordoñez V, Delgadillo-Ruiz L, Zaragoza-Bastida A. Bovine mastitis, a worldwide impact disease: Prevalence, antimicrobial resistance, and viable alternative approaches. Vet Anim Sci 2023; 21:100306. [PMID: 37547227 PMCID: PMC10400929 DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2023.100306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Bovine mastitis is globally considered one of the most important diseases within dairy herds, mainly due to the associated economic losses. The most prevalent etiology are bacteria, classified into contagious and environmental, with Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus agalactiae, Streptococcus uberis, Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae being the most common pathogens associated with mastitis cases. To date these pathogens are resistant to the most common active ingredients used for mastitis treatment. According to recent studies resistance to new antimicrobials has increased, which is why developing of alternative treatments is imperative. Therefore the present review aims to summarize the reports about bovine mastitis along 10 years, emphasizing bacterial etiology, its epidemiology, and the current situation of antimicrobial resistance, as well as the development of alternative treatments for this pathology. Analyzed data showed that the prevalence of major pathogens associated with bovine mastitis varied according to geographical region. Moreover, these pathogens are classified as multidrug-resistant, since the effectiveness of antimicrobials on them has decreased. To date, several studies have focused on the research of alternative treatments, among them vegetal extracts, essential oils, or peptides. Some other works have reported the application of nanotechnology and polymers against bacteria associated with bovine mastitis. Results demonstrated that these alternatives may be effective on bacteria associated with bovine mastitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Lizet Morales-Ubaldo
- Área Académica de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Rancho Universitario Av. Universidad km 1, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, EX-Hda de Aquetzalpa, Tulancingo, C.P 43660, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Nallely Rivero-Perez
- Área Académica de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Rancho Universitario Av. Universidad km 1, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, EX-Hda de Aquetzalpa, Tulancingo, C.P 43660, Hidalgo, Mexico
| | - Benjamín Valladares-Carranza
- Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados en Salud Animal, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Km 15.5 Carretera Panamericana Toluca-Atlacomulco, C.P. 50200 Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Valente Velázquez-Ordoñez
- Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados en Salud Animal, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, Km 15.5 Carretera Panamericana Toluca-Atlacomulco, C.P. 50200 Toluca, Estado de México, Mexico
| | - Lucía Delgadillo-Ruiz
- Unidad Académica de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, CP. 98068, Zacatecas, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Adrian Zaragoza-Bastida
- Área Académica de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Rancho Universitario Av. Universidad km 1, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, EX-Hda de Aquetzalpa, Tulancingo, C.P 43660, Hidalgo, Mexico
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Liu C, Feng C, Duan Y, Wang P, Peng C, Li Z, Yu L, Liu M, Wang F. Ecological risk under the dual threat of heavy metals and antibiotic resistant Escherichia coli in swine-farming wastewater in Shandong Province, China. Environ Pollut 2023; 319:120998. [PMID: 36603760 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Mineral elements and antibiotic-resistant bacterial pollutants in livestock and poultry farms' wastewater are often sources of ecological and public health problems. To understand the heavy-metal pollution status and the characteristics of drug-resistant Escherichia coli (E. coli) in swine-farm wastewater in Shandong Province and to provide guidance for the rational use of mineral-element additives, common antibiotics, and quaternary ammonium compound disinfectants on swine farms, 10 mineral elements were measured and E. coli isolated from wastewater and its resistance to 29 commonly used antibiotics and resistance genes was determined. Finally, phylogenetic and multi-locus sequence typing (MLST) analyses was performed on E. coli. The results showed serious pollution from iron and zinc, with a comprehensive pollution index of 708.94 and 3.13, respectively. It is worth noting that average iron levels in 75% (12/16) of the districts exceed allowable limits. Multidrug-resistant E. coli were found in every city of the province. The E. coli isolated from swine-farm wastewater were mainly resistant to tetracyclines (95.3%), chloramphenicol (77.8%), and sulfonamides (62.2%), while antibiotic resistance genes for quinolones, tetracyclines, sulfonamides, aminoglycosides, and β-lactams were all more than 60%. The clonal complex 10 (CC10) was prevalent, and ST10 and ST48 were dominant in E. coli isolates. Multidrug-resistant E. coli were widely distributed, with mainly A genotypes. However, the mechanism of the effect of iron on antibiotic resistance needs more study in this area. Thus, further strengthening the prevention and control of iron and zinc pollution and standardizing the use of antibiotics and mineral element additives in the swine industry are necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Liu
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, PR China.
| | - Chenglian Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, PR China
| | - Yuanpeng Duan
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, PR China
| | - Peng Wang
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, PR China
| | - Chong Peng
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, PR China
| | - Zixuan Li
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, PR China
| | - Lanping Yu
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, PR China
| | - Mengda Liu
- Laboratory of Zoonoses, China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, Shandong, 266032, PR China
| | - Fangkun Wang
- Department of Veterinary Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine & Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, 271018, PR China.
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Liu Q, Guo Z, Zhu G, Li N, Bai G, Jiang M. Genomic Characteristics and Phylogenetic Analyses of a Multiple Drug-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Harboring Plasmid-Mediated MCR-1 Isolated from Tai'an City, China. Pathogens 2023; 12. [PMID: 36839493 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12020221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae is a clinically common opportunistic pathogen that causes pneumonia and upper respiratory tract infection in humans as well as community-and hospital-acquired infections, posing significant threats to public health. Moreover, the insertion of a plasmid carrying the mobile colistin resistance (MCR) genes brings obstacles to the clinical treatment of K. pneumoniae infection. In this study, a strain of colistin-resistant K. pneumoniae (CRKP) was isolated from sputum samples of a patient who was admitted to a tertiary hospital in Tai'an city, China, and tested for drug sensitivity. The results showed that KPTA-2108 was multidrug-resistant (MDR), being resistant to 21 of 26 selected antibiotics, such as cefazolin, amikacin, tigecycline and colistin but sensitive to carbapenems via antibiotic resistance assays. The chromosome and plasmid sequences of the isolated strain KPTA-2108 were obtained using whole-genome sequencing technology and then were analyzed deeply using bioinformatics methods. The whole-genome sequencing analysis showed that the length of KPTA-2108 was 5,306,347 bp and carried four plasmids, pMJ4-1, pMJ4-2, pMJ4-3, and pMJ4-4-MCR. The plasmid pMJ4-4-MCR contained 30,124 bp and was found to be an IncX4 type. It was the smallest plasmid in the KPTA-2108 strain and carried only one resistance gene MCR-1. Successful conjugation tests demonstrated that pMJ4-4-MCR carrying MCR-1 could be horizontally transmitted through conjugation between bacteria. In conclusion, the acquisition and genome-wide characterization of a clinical MDR strain of CRKP may provide a scientific basis for the treatment of K. pneumoniae infection and epidemiological data for the surveillance of CRKP.
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Noman SM, Zeeshan M, Arshad J, Deressa Amentie M, Shafiq M, Yuan Y, Zeng M, Li X, Xie Q, Jiao X. Machine Learning Techniques for Antimicrobial Resistance Prediction of Pseudomonas Aeruginosa from Whole Genome Sequence Data. Comput Intell Neurosci 2023; 2023:5236168. [PMID: 36909968 PMCID: PMC9995192 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5236168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM Due to the growing availability of genomic datasets, machine learning models have shown impressive diagnostic potential in identifying emerging and reemerging pathogens. This study aims to use machine learning techniques to develop and compare a model for predicting bacterial resistance to a panel of 12 classes of antibiotics using whole genome sequence (WGS) data of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. METHOD A machine learning technique called Random Forest (RF) and BioWeka was used for classification accuracy assessment and logistic regression (LR) for statistical analysis. RESULTS Our results show 44.66% of isolates were resistant to twelve antimicrobial agents and 55.33% were sensitive. The mean classification accuracy was obtained ≥98% for BioWeka and ≥96 for RF on these families of antimicrobials. Where ampicillin was 99.31% and 94.00%, amoxicillin was 99.02% and 95.21%, meropenem was 98.27% and 96.63%, cefepime was 99.73% and 98.34%, fosfomycin was 96.44% and 99.23%, ceftazidime was 98.63% and 94.31%, chloramphenicol was 98.71% and 96.00%, erythromycin was 95.76% and 97.63%, tetracycline was 99.27% and 98.25%, gentamycin was 98.00% and 97.30%, butirosin was 99.57% and 98.03%, and ciprofloxacin was 96.17% and 98.97% with 10-fold-cross validation. In addition, out of twelve, eight drugs have found no false-positive and false-negative bacterial strains. CONCLUSION The ability to accurately detect antibiotic resistance could help clinicians make educated decisions about empiric therapy based on the local antibiotic resistance pattern. Moreover, infection prevention may have major consequences if such prescribing practices become widespread for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohail M. Noman
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Muhammad Zeeshan
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Al-Nafees Medical College and Hospital, Isra University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Jehangir Arshad
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Comsats University Islamabad, Lahore Campus 44000, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Shafiq
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Yumeng Yuan
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Mi Zeng
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Qingdong Xie
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
| | - Xiaoyang Jiao
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, Guangdong 515041, China
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Zhang X, Chen L, Zhang X, Wang Q, Quan J, He J, Pan H, Li X. Emergence of coexistence of a novel bla(NDM-5)-harbouring IncI1-I plasmid and an mcr-1.1-harbouring IncHI2 plasmid in a clinical Escherichia coli isolate in China. J Infect Public Health 2022; 15:1363-9. [PMID: 36334462 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2022.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Co-harbouring of carbapenem and colistin resistance genes in multidrug-resistant Enterobacterales strains poses a serious public health problem. In this study, an MCR-1.1 and NDM-5 coproducing Escherichia coli strain named EC6563 was isolated and characterized. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to characterize a clinical carbapenem-resistant E. coli isolate which co-harbours mcr-1.1 and blaNDM-5 on separate plasmids, and explored the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of the mcr-1.1- and blaNDM-5-harbouring plasmids. METHODS E. coli isolate EC6563 was subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing, conjugation assay, stability of the plasmid and growth rate determination. In addition, the whole genome sequence of this strain was obtained and the genetic characteristics of the mcr-1.1- and blaNDM-5-harbouring plasmids were analyzed. RESULTS Carbapenem-resistant E. coli isolate EC6563 was resistant to all the tested antibiotics except tigecycline. Bioinformatic analysis confirmed that the IncHI2 plasmid carrying mcr-1.1 was highly similar to the previously reported mcr-1.1-harbouring plasmid pGDP37-4, and carried multiple drug resistance genes and the IncI1-I plasmid carrying blaNDM-5 had low similarity to the published blaNDM-5-carrying IncI1-I plasmid pEC-16-10-NDM-5. The pEC6563-NDM5 plasmid was capable of conjugation with an efficiency of 1.34 × 10-2 in a filter mating experiment. The transconjugant J53/pEC6563-NDM5 was able to be stably inherited after 12 days of passage. CONCLUSIONS To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that an IncHI2 plasmid carrying mcr-1.1 and an IncI1-I plasmid carrying blaNDM-5 is found to coexist in an E. coli isolate. Our research expands the known diversity of plasmids in NDM-5-producing Enterobacterales strains. Meanwhile, effective measures should be taken to prevent the spread of these plasmids.
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Shafiq M, Zeng M, Permana B, Bilal H, Huang J, Yao F, Algammal AM, Li X, Yuan Y, Jiao X. Coexistence of bla NDM-5 and tet(X4) in international high-risk Escherichia coli clone ST648 of human origin in China. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1031688. [PMID: 36439817 PMCID: PMC9685555 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1031688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of pathogens is conferring resistance to last-resort therapies such as tigecycline, colistin, and carbapenems, limiting the therapeutic options, and raising concerns about the emergence of new "superbugs." This study reports the first incident of a bla NDM-5 and tet(X4) co-harboring Escherichia coli with resistance to carbapenem and tigecycline recovered as the causative agent of a urinary tract infection in a 94-year-old patient. The E. coli strain ECCL209 carries multiple resistance genes [i.e., bla TEM-1B , bla NDM-5, bla CMY-2, aadA22, florR, erm(B), mph(A), erm(42), lnuG, qnrS1, and sul2] and exhibits resistance to almost all clinically used antibiotics. MLST analysis found that the strain belongs to ST648, considered a worldwide high-risk pandemic clone. Moreover, multiple plasmid incompatibility types were detected, i.e., IncHI1A, IncHI1B, IncFII, IncFIA, IncFIB, IncQ1, Col, and IncX4. Genetic analysis revealed that bla NDM-5 and tet(X4) genes were localized on two hybrid plasmids with multiple replicons. Continuous monitoring studies are suggested to quantify the antimicrobial resistance and assess the dissemination of such superbugs into a human healthcare setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shafiq
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Mi Zeng
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Budi Permana
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Hazrat Bilal
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Jinhu Huang
- Ministry of Education (MOE) Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fen Yao
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Abdelazeem Mohamed Algammal
- Department of Bacteriology, Immunology, and Mycology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yumeng Yuan
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Xiaoyang Jiao
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
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Shafiq M, Yao F, Bilal H, Rahman SU, Zeng M, Ali I, Zeng Y, Li X, Yuan Y, Jiao X. Synergistic Activity of Tetrandrine and Colistin against mcr-1-Harboring Escherichia coli. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:1346. [PMID: 36290004 PMCID: PMC9598752 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11101346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Before the emergence of plasmid-mediated colistin resistance, colistin was once considered the last drug of choice for infections caused by carbapenem-resistant bacteria. Currently, researchers are relentlessly exploring possible alternative therapies that could efficiently curb the spread of drug resistance. In this study, we aim to investigate the synergistic antibacterial activity of tetrandrine in combination with colistin against mcr-1-harboring Escherichia coli. We examined the antibacterial activity of tetrandrine in combination with colistin in vivo and in vitro and examined the bacterial cells by fluorescence, scanning, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to explore their underlying mechanism of action. We further performed a computational analysis of MCR-1 protein and tetrandrine to determine the interaction interface of these two molecules. We confirmed that neither colistin nor tetrandrine could, on their own, inhibit the growth of mcr-1-positive E. coli. However, in combination, tetrandrine synergistically enhanced colistin activity to inhibit the growth of E. coli both in vivo and in vitro. Similarly, molecular docking showed that tetrandrine interacted with the three crucial amino acids of the MCR-1 protein in the active site, which might inhibit MCR-1 from binding to its substrates, cause MCR-1 to lose its ability to confer resistance. This study confirmed that tetrandrine and colistin have the ability to synergistically overcome the issue of colistin resistance in mcr-1-harboring E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shafiq
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Fen Yao
- Department of Pharmacology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Hazrat Bilal
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Sadeeq Ur Rahman
- Department of Microbiology, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan 23200, KP, Pakistan
| | - Mi Zeng
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Ilyas Ali
- Department of Medical Cell Biology and Genetics, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Yuebin Zeng
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Yumeng Yuan
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
| | - Xiaoyang Jiao
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Molecular Immunopathology, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou 515041, China
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Kang J, Liu Y, Chen X, Xu F, Wang H, Xiong W, Li X. Metagenomic insights into the antibiotic resistomes of typical Chinese dairy farm environments. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:990272. [PMID: 36246251 PMCID: PMC9555277 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.990272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in the environment pose a threat to human and animal health. Dairy cows are important livestock in China; however, a comprehensive understanding of antibiotic resistance in their production environment has not been well clarified. In this study, we used metagenomic methods to analyze the resistomes, microbiomes, and potential ARG bacterial hosts in typical dairy farm environments (including feces, wastewater, and soil). The ARGs resistant to tetracyclines, MLS, β-lactams, aminoglycoside, and multidrug was dominant in the dairy farm ecosystem. The abundance and diversity of total ARGs in dairy feces and wastewater were significantly higher than in soil (P < 0.05). The same environmental samples from different dairy have similar resistomes and microbiomes. A high detection rate of tet(X) in wastewater and feces (100% and 71.4%, respectively), high abundance (range from 5.74 to 68.99 copies/Gb), and the finding of tet(X5) challenged the clinical application of the last antibiotics resort of tigecycline. Network analysis identified Bacteroides as the dominant genus in feces and wastewater, which harbored the greatest abundance of their respective total ARG coverage and shared ARGs. These results improved our understanding of ARG profiles and their bacterial hosts in dairy farm environments and provided a basis for further surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jijun Kang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Products on Feed-origin Risk Factor, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yiming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Products on Feed-origin Risk Factor, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Animal Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Products on Feed-origin Risk Factor, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Animal Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Products on Feed-origin Risk Factor, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Honglei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Products on Feed-origin Risk Factor, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wenguang Xiong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutic Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Wenguang Xiong,
| | - Xiubo Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Products on Feed-origin Risk Factor, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Xiubo Li,
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Obaidat MM, Gharaibeh WA. Sheep and goat milk in Jordan is a reservoir of multidrug resistant extended spectrum and AmpC beta-lactamases Escherichia coli. Int J Food Microbiol 2022; 377:109834. [PMID: 35841807 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2022.109834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Limited data is available on the prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of extended spectrum (ESBL) and AmpC β-lactamases Escherichia coli in sheep and goats in Jordan. This study determined the molecular prevalence and antimicrobial-resistance of ESBL and AmpC β-lactamases E. coli in 155 sheep and goat flocks across Jordan by testing 948 milk samples. The samples were enriched in MacConkey broth, and then plated on MacConkey agar with cefotaxime. The presence of ESBL and AmpC genes in the E. coli isolates was determined by PCR and the resistance toward critically important antimicrobials was tested by disc diffusion. In total, 1016 E. coli isolates were isolated from the cefotaxime supplemented MacConkey, 382 isolates harbored ESBL genes and 54 harbored blaCMY. The prevalence of blaCTX-M, blaTEM, blaCMY and blaSHVE. coli in the milk samples were 33.5 %, 31.7 %, 5.7 %. and 1.1 %, respectively. At the flock level, 30.3 % flocks had β-lactamase E. coli, specifically 25.2 %, 20.7 %, 5.2 % and 2.6 % had blaCTX-M, blaTEM, blaCMY and blaSHV E. coli, respectively. About 52.2 % of the isolates harbored both blaCTX-M and blaTEM. A high percentage (>59 %) of ESBL and AmpC β-lactamases E. coli resisted sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, tetracycline and nalidixic acid. Overall, 93.5 % and 96.3 % of ESBL and AmpC E. coli were resistant to ≥1 another antimicrobial class and 44.5 % and 44.4 % were resistant to ≥3 another antimicrobial class, respectively. This study shows that sheep and goat milk is a reservoir of multidrug resistant ESBL and AmpC β-lactamases E. coli, thus good hygienic practices and judicious antimicrobials use are important in small ruminants' farming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad M Obaidat
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Ar-Ramtha, Irbid, Jordan.
| | - Wasan A Gharaibeh
- Department of Veterinary Pathology and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Ar-Ramtha, Irbid, Jordan
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Shafiq M, Rahman SU, Bilal H, Ullah A, Noman SM, Zeng M, Yuan Y, Xie Q, Li X, Jiao X. Incidence and molecular characterization of ESBL-producing and colistin-resistant Escherichia coli isolates recovered from healthy food-producing animals in Pakistan. J Appl Microbiol 2022; 133:1169-1182. [PMID: 35094463 DOI: 10.1111/jam.15469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the occurrence and molecular features of ESBL-producing and colistin-resistant Escherichia coli isolates recovered from healthy food-producing animals in Pakistan. METHODS A total of 153 E. coli isolates were recovered from 250 faecal samples collected from livestock and poultry. The antibiotic susceptibility, resistant determinants and mobile genetic elements were determined for all the isolates. The clonal relatedness was analysed by MLST. Plasmids harbouring, localization and transferability of mcr-1 gene were carried out by Southern hybridization, S1-PFGE and transconjugation. RESULTS Out of 153 E. coli strains, 49.01% isolates were ESBLs producers, whereas 18.95% were resistant to colistin and 84.31% of the isolates. Multidrug resistance was found in 84% of the isolates. The ESBL-producing E. coli in buffaloes, cattle, sheep, goat and broilers faecal samples were 60%, 74%, 54%, 50% and 68%, respectively. Among the ESBLs genes, blaCTX-M was the most prevalent group detected in 98.66%, while only mcr-1 of the colistin-resistant genes could be PCR amplified in 29 isolates. The common MGEs found were ISECP1 (35.13%), ISCR1 (33.78%), ISApl1 (20.27%) and Inti1 (58.10%). The most predominant Inc. types found were IncFIB 46.66%, followed by IncFIA 30.66%, IncFIC 26.66%, IncFrepB 26.66%, IncHI2 26.66%, IncP 22.66% and IncX4 21.33%. The most frequent sequence type detected was ST58. Southern blot and S1-PFGE confirmed the plasmid harbouring of mcr-1 gene. CONCLUSION The co-occurrence of mcr-1 and ESBLs-encoding genes, along with MGEs in E. coli from healthy food animals in Pakistan, is a major concern. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF STUDY Antimicrobial resistance can be transferred from animals to humans by direct contact or via the food chain and environment. The prevalence and co-occurrence of ESBL and colistin resistance genes from food-producing animals is rare in Pakistan. To our knowledge, this is the first report to find ESBLs and mcr-1-harbouring E. coli from the faecal samples of the healthy food-producing animals in Pakistan. The presence of ARGs in association with MGEs, co-harbouring the virulence factors, as determined in the current study, is a severe threat to livestock and the human community as it has horizontally and food web transferability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Shafiq
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Sadeeq Ur Rahman
- Department of Microbiology, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan
| | - Hazrat Bilal
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Institute of Physical Sciences and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, China
| | - Aftab Ullah
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Sohail Muhammad Noman
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Mi Zeng
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Yumeng Yuan
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Qingdong Xie
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
| | - Xiaoyang Jiao
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Shantou University Medical College, Shantou, China
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Jouini A, Klibi A, Kmiha S, Hamrouni S, Ghram A, Maaroufi A. Lineages, Virulence Gene Associated and Integrons among Extended Spectrum β-Lactamase (ESBL) and CMY-2 Producing Enterobacteriaceae from Bovine Mastitis, in Tunisia. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11080948. [PMID: 36015067 PMCID: PMC9416333 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11080948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL) Enterobacteriaceae are becoming widespread enzymes in food-producing animals worldwide. Escherichia coli and Klebseilla pneumoniae are two of the most significant pathogens causing mastitis. Our study focused on the characterization of the genetic support of ESBL/pAmpC and antibiotic resistance mechanisms in cefotaxime-resistant (CTXR) and susceptible (CTXS) Enterobacteriaceae isolates, recovered from bovine mastitis in Tunisia, as well as the analyses of their clonal lineage and virulence-associated genes. The study was carried out on 17 ESBL/pAmpC E. coli and K. pneumoniae and 50 CTXS E. coli. Detection of resistance genes and clonal diversity was performed by PCR amplification and sequencing. The following β-lactamase genes were detected: blaCTX-M-15 (n = 6), blaCTX-M-15 + blaOXA-1 (2), bla CTX-M-15 + blaOXA-1 + blaTEM-1b (2), blaCTX-M-15 + blaTEM-1b (4), blaCMY-2 (3). The MLST showed the following STs: ST405 (n = 4 strains); ST58 (n = 3); ST155 (n = 3); ST471 (n = 2); and ST101 (n = 2). ST399 (n = 1) and ST617 (n = 1) were identified in p(AmpC) E. coli producer strains. The phylogroups A and B1 were the most detected ones, followed by the pathogenic phylogroup B2 that harbored the shigatoxin genes stx1/stx2, associated with the cnf, fimA, and aer virulence factors. The qnrA/qnrB, aac(6′)-Ib-cr genes and integrons class 1 with different gene cassettes were detected amongst these CTXR/S isolated strains. The presence of different genetic lineages, associated with resistance and virulence genes in pathogenic bacteria in dairy farms, may complicate antibiotic therapies and pose a potential risk to public health.
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Jiang Q, Ke BX, Wu DS, Wang D, Fang LX, Sun RY, Wang MG, Lei JE, Shao Z, Liao XP. Epidemiology of blaCTX-M-Positive Salmonella Typhimurium From Diarrhoeal Outpatients in Guangdong, China, 2010–2017. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:865254. [PMID: 35783425 PMCID: PMC9247517 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.865254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonella enterica can lead to intestinal diarrhea, and the emergence and spread of cephalosporin-resistant Salmonella have brought great challenges to clinical treatment. Therefore, this study investigated the prevalence and transmission of blaCTX-M genes among S. Typhimurium from diarrhoeal outpatients in Guangdong, China, from 2010 to 2017. A total of 221 blaCTX-M-positive isolates were recovered from 1,263 S. Typhimurium isolates from the facal samples of diarrhoea patients in 45 general hospitals from 11 cities. The most popular CTX-M gene was blaCTX-M-55 (39.6%, 72/182) in the CTX-M-1 group, followed by blaCTX-M-14 (22.5%, 41/182) and blaCTX-M-65 (19.2%, 35/182) in the CTX-M-9 group. The isolates that carried blaCTX-M-9G had significantly higher resistance rates to multiple antibacterials compared with blaCTX-M-1G (p < 0.01). Meanwhile, PFGE analysis not only showed the clonal transmission of blaCTX-M-55/14/65-positve isolates of diarrhoeal outpatients’ origins from different hospitals in Guangdong province, but also the characteristic of blaCTX-M-55/14/65-positve isolates’ bacterial persistence. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analysis indicated that these S. Typhimurium isolates possessed ST34 and ST19. Furthermore, genomic Beast phylogenomic analysis provided the evidence of a close relationship of blaCTX-M-positive S. Typhimurium isolates between the outpatients and pork. Most blaCTX-M-55/14/65 genes were transmitted by non-typeable or IncI1/IncFII/IncHI2 plasmids with the size of ranging from ~80 to ~280 kb. Moreover, whole-genome sequencing (WGS) analysis further revealed that blaCTX-M-55/14/65 coexisted with other 25 types of ARGs, of which 11 ARGs were highly prevalent with the detection rates >50%, and it first reported the emergence of blaTEM-141 in S. Typhimurium. This study underscores the importance of surveillance for blaCTX-M-positive microbes in diarrhea patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Jiang
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bi-xia Ke
- Guangdong Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou, China
| | - De-shu Wu
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dong Wang
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liang-xing Fang
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruan-yang Sun
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min-ge Wang
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing-er Lei
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zheng Shao
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-ping Liao
- National Risk Assessment Laboratory for Antimicrobial Resistance of Animal Original Bacteria, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmacology, College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xiao-ping Liao,
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Hossain MS, Ali S, Hossain M, Uddin SZ, Moniruzzaman M, Islam MR, Shohael AM, Islam MS, Ananya TH, Rahman MM, Rahman MA, Worth M, Mondal D, Mahmud ZH. ESBL Producing Escherichia coli in Faecal Sludge Treatment Plants: An Invisible Threat to Public Health in Rohingya Camps, Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh. Front Public Health 2022; 9:783019. [PMID: 34976932 PMCID: PMC8714839 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.783019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Human faecal sludge contains diverse harmful microorganisms, making it hazardous to the environment and public health if it is discharged untreated. Faecal sludge is one of the major sources of E. coli that can produce extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs). Objective: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and molecular characterization of ESBL-producing E. coli in faecal sludge samples collected from faecal sludge treatment plants (FSTPs) in Rohingya camps, Bangladesh. Methods: ESBL producing E. coli were screened by cultural as well as molecular methods and further characterized for their major ESBL genes, plasmid profiles, pathotypes, antibiotic resistance patterns, conjugation ability, and genetic similarity. Results: Of 296 isolates, 180 were phenotypically positive for ESBL. All the isolates, except one, contained at least one ESBL gene that was tested (blaCTX−M−1, blaCTX−M−2, blaCTX−M−8, blaCTX−M−9, blaCTX−M−15, blaCTX−M−25, blaTEM, and blaSHV). From plasmid profiling, it was observed that plasmids of 1–211 MDa were found in 84% (151/180) of the isolates. Besides, 13% (24/180) of the isolates possessed diarrhoeagenic virulence genes. From the remaining isolates, around 51% (79/156) harbored at least one virulence gene that is associated with the extraintestinal pathogenicity of E. coli. Moreover, 4% (3/156) of the isolates were detected to be potential extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) strains. Additionally, all the diarrhoeagenic and ExPEC strains showed resistance to three or more antibiotic groups which indicate their multidrug-resistant potential. ERIC-PCR differentiated these pathogenic isolates into seven clusters. In addition to this, 16 out of 35 tested isolates transferred plasmids of 32–112 MDa to E. coli J53 recipient strain. Conclusion: The present study implies that the faecal sludge samples examined here could be a potential origin for spreading MDR pathogenic ESBL-producing E. coli. The exposure of Rohingya individuals, living in overcrowded camps, to these organisms poses a severe threat to their health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Sakib Hossain
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Sobur Ali
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Monir Hossain
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - M Moniruzzaman
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | | | - Md Shafiqul Islam
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Md Mominur Rahman
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology (BUET), Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | | | - Martin Worth
- WASH Section, United Nations Children's Fund, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Dinesh Mondal
- International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Zaatout N. An overview on mastitis-associated Escherichia coli: Pathogenicity, host immunity and the use of alternative therapies. Microbiol Res 2021; 256:126960. [PMID: 35021119 DOI: 10.1016/j.micres.2021.126960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Escherichia coli is one of the leading causes of bovine mastitis; it can cause sub-clinical, and clinical mastitis characterized by systemic changes, abnormal appearance of milk, and udder inflammation. E. coli pathogenicity in the bovine udder is due to the interaction between its virulence factors and the host factors; it was also linked to the presence of a new pathotype termed mammary pathogenic E. coli (MPEC). However, the presence of this pathotype is commonly debated. Its main virulence factor is the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) that is responsible for causing an endotoxic shock, and inducing a strong immune response by binding to the toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), and stimulating the expression of chemokines (such as IL-8, and RANTES) and pro-inflammatory cytokines (such as IL-6, and IL-1β). This strong immune response could be used to develop alternative and safe approaches to control E. coli causing bovine mastitis by targeting pro-inflammatory cytokines that can damage the host tissue. The need for alternative treatments against E. coli is due to its ability to resist many conventional antibiotics, which is a huge challenge for curing ill animals. Therefore, the aim of this review was to highlight the pathogenicity of E. coli in the mammary gland, discuss the presence of the new putative pathotype, the mammary pathogenic E. coli (MPEC) pathotype, study the host's immune response, and the alternative treatments that are used against mastitis-associated E. coli.
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