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Zhang Y, Ye S, Zhou Y, Zhou Z, Yao Y, Liu W, Wu L. Salvianolic acid B as a potent nano-agent for enhanced ALA-PDT of oral cancer and leukoplakia cells. Oral Dis 2024; 30:1091-1099. [PMID: 36705399 DOI: 10.1111/odi.14525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Photodynamic therapy (PDT) relies on the light activation of a photosensitizers to generate reactive oxygen species such as singlet oxygen, but its effect on cancer therapy is limited dramatically by hypoxia in the tumor microenvironment. OBJECTIVES To determine the potential of a nano-photosensitizer loaded salvianolic acid B (SalB) and 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) for enhancing the efficacy of PDT in oral squamous cell carcinoma Cal27 cells and leukoplakia Leuk1 cells. RESULTS Singlet oxygen sensor green (SOSG) assay showed that nano-SalB-ALA generated higher levels of singlet oxygen, compared to nano-SalB and nano-ALA. Cellular uptake assay showed that nano-SalB-ALA effectively absorbed by Leuk1 cells. Importantly, cell counting kit-8 and flow cytometry revealed that PDT with nano-SalB-ALA effectively inhibited the viability and induced the apoptosis of Cal27 and Leuk1 cells, respectively. Moreover, the tumor xenograft study revealed that PDT with nano-SalB-ALA had a stronger inhibitory effect on tumor growth of nude mice, compared to control groups. CONCLUSIONS The novel photosensitizer nano-SalB-ALA remarkably enhanced the efficacy of PDT by improving singlet oxygen production, inhibiting cell proliferation, promoting cell apoptosis, and suppressing tumor growth. These suggest PDT with nano-SalB-ALA could be a clinically significant and potent treatment for oral cancer and leukoplakia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Zhang
- Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Sai Ye
- Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yongmei Zhou
- Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zengtong Zhou
- Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yilin Yao
- Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Lan Wu
- Department of Oral Mucosal Diseases, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
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Pentenero M, Castagnola P, Castillo FV, Isaevska E, Sutera S, Gandolfo S. Predictors of malignant transformation in oral leukoplakia and proliferative verrucous leukoplakia: An observational prospective study including the DNA ploidy status. Head Neck 2023; 45:2589-2604. [PMID: 37563936 DOI: 10.1002/hed.27483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This prospective observational study investigated the determinants of malignant transformation (MT) in localized oral leukoplakia (OL) and proliferative verrucous leukoplakia (PVL). METHODS Demographic, clinical, histological, and DNA ploidy status data were collected at enrolment. Survival analysis was performed (MT being the event of interest). RESULTS One-hundred and thirty-three patients with OL and 20 patients with PVL entered the study over 6 years (mean follow-up 7.8 years). The presence of OED, DNA ploidy, clinical presentation, and lesion site were associated with MT in patients with OL in a univariate analysis. In a multivariate model, OED was the strongest predictor of MT in patients with OL. Adding DNA ploidy increased the model's predictive power. None of the assessed predictors was associated with MT in patients with PVL. CONCLUSIONS DNA ploidy might identify a subset OL with low risk or minimal risk of MT, but it does not seem to be a reliable predictor in patients with PVL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Pentenero
- Oral Medicine and Oral Oncology Unit, Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | | | - Elena Isaevska
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Samuele Sutera
- Oral Medicine and Oral Oncology Unit, Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Sergio Gandolfo
- Oral Medicine and Oral Oncology Unit, Department of Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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de Arruda JAA, Silva LVDO, Kato CDNADO, Pinheiro JDJV, Abreu LG, Silva TA, Ferreira MVL, Souza LN, Mesquita RA. Management of oral leukoplakia with an 808-nm high-power diode laser: a single-center experience. Lasers Med Sci 2023; 38:141. [PMID: 37335418 DOI: 10.1007/s10103-023-03806-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE High-power diode laser emerges as a promising approach to the treatment of oral leukoplakia (OL); however, its short- and long-term effects have been barely explored. This study evaluated the postoperative endpoints and the recurrence rate of high-power diode laser treatment in a well-defined series of patients with OL. METHODS A prospective analysis was performed on 22 individuals comprising 31 OL. The lesions were irradiated using the following protocol: Indium-Gallium-Arsenide diode laser, 808 nm, continuous-wave mode, 1.5-2.0 W, 780.0 ± 225.1 J, and 477.1 ± 131.8 s. Postoperative pain was assessed with a visual analog scale at three endpoints. Clinical follow-up was performed on all patients and the Kaplan-Meier test was used to analyze the probability of recurrence. RESULTS The series consisted mostly of women (72.7%) with a mean age of 62.8 years. A single laser session was performed in 77.4% of cases. The median score on the scale that assessed pain on the 1st, 14th and 42nd postoperative day was 4, 1, and 0, respectively. The mean follow-up period per lesion was 28.6 months (range: 2-53 months). A complete response was observed in 93.5% of OL cases, while 6.5% had recurrence. The probability of recurrence at 39 months was 6.7%. No patient experienced malignant transformation. CONCLUSION High-power diode laser for the treatment of OL is safe and effective during the trans- and postoperative period. These findings represent an alternative approach to the management of OL, mainly because a low recurrence rate was observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Alcides Almeida de Arruda
- Department of Oral Surgery, Pathology and Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627, room 3202 D.Belo Horizonte, Pampulha, MG, Brazil.
| | - Leni Verônica de Oliveira Silva
- Department of Oral Surgery, Pathology and Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627, room 3202 D.Belo Horizonte, Pampulha, MG, Brazil
| | - Camila de Nazaré Alves de Oliveira Kato
- Department of Oral Surgery, Pathology and Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627, room 3202 D.Belo Horizonte, Pampulha, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Lucas Guimarães Abreu
- Department of Child and Adolescent Oral Health, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Tarcília Aparecida Silva
- Department of Oral Surgery, Pathology and Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627, room 3202 D.Belo Horizonte, Pampulha, MG, Brazil
| | - Marcus Vinícius Lucas Ferreira
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Leandro Napier Souza
- Department of Oral Surgery, Pathology and Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627, room 3202 D.Belo Horizonte, Pampulha, MG, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Alves Mesquita
- Department of Oral Surgery, Pathology and Clinical Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Pres. Antônio Carlos, 6627, room 3202 D.Belo Horizonte, Pampulha, MG, Brazil
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Fitzpatrick SG. Reactive and Nonreactive White Lesions of the Oral Mucosa. Oral Maxillofac Surg Clin North Am 2023; 35:237-246. [PMID: 37019506 DOI: 10.1016/j.coms.2022.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
White lesions in the oral cavity may be diverse in etiology and may present with significant clinical and sometimes histologic overlap between categories, making accurate diagnosis difficult at times. Although white lesions of immune and infectious etiology are covered in another article, this article discusses the differential diagnosis between developmental, reactive, idiopathic, premalignant, and malignant white lesions focusing on clinical features of each category.
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Rodriguez-Lujan A, López-Jornet P, Pons-Fuster López E. Recurrence of Oral Leukoplakia after CO 2 Laser Resection: A Prospective Longitudinal Study. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:5455. [PMID: 36358873 PMCID: PMC9658806 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14215455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study is to assess the efficacy of CO2 laser treatment in oral leukoplakia and to analyse the recurrence rate of oral leukoplakia lesions at 18-month follow-up. MATERIALS AND METHODS A prospective clinical study regarding CO2 laser treatment for oral leukoplakia was conducted, in which 39 patients with a total of 53 oral leukoplakias were included. Follow-up was performed at 18 months post-surgery and the following variables were studied: sex, age, associated risk factors, clinical classification, size, location and presence of epithelial dysplasia, recurrence, and rate of malignant transformation after resection. RESULTS In the analysis of the final results 18 months after baseline, a treatment success rate of 43.75% was observed. Oral leukoplakia recurred in 54.17% of cases, and 2.08% of leukoplakias progressed to cancer. Among all the studied variables (age, tobacco use, size, location, clinical type or histology), no significant differences were found with regard to recurrence. CONCLUSION The use of CO2 laser therapy to treat leukoplakia lesions is sufficient to remove such lesions. However, parameters that can assess recurrence need to be sought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adela Rodriguez-Lujan
- Colaborate of Medicine and Odontology, Hospital Morales Meseguer, Clínica Odontológica, Marqués del los Vélez s/n, 30008 Murcia, Spain
| | - Pia López-Jornet
- Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, Biomedical Research Institute (IMIB-Arrixaca) Hospital Morales Meseguer, Clínica Odontológica, Marqués del los Vélez s/n, 30008 Murcia, Spain
| | - Eduardo Pons-Fuster López
- Departamento de Anatomía Humana y Psicobiología, Faculty of Medicine and Odontology, Biomedical Research Institute (IMIB-Arrixaca), University of Murcia Spain, 30100 Murcia, Spain
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